1. A nurse is caring for a client who is prescribed metformin
for type 2 diabetes mellitus. The nurse should monitor for
which of the following adverse effects?
A. Hypoglycemia
B. Hyperkalemia
C. Lactic acidosis
D. Constipation
Answer: c) Lactic acidosis
Rationale: Metformin can cause lactic acidosis, a serious
adverse effect. The nurse should monitor for symptoms
such as muscle pain, weakness, and respiratory distress.
2. A nurse is caring for a client receiving enalapril. Which of
the following should be monitored regularly?
A. Blood pressure
B. Blood glucose level
C. Respiratory rate
D. Serum calcium
Answer: a) Blood pressure
Rationale: Enalapril is an ACE inhibitor, primarily used for
hypertension management. Blood pressure should be
closely monitored to ensure the medication is effective.
3. A nurse is teaching a client about the use of ibuprofen for
pain management. Which of the following instructions
should the nurse include?
A. "Take the medication with an empty stomach for faster
absorption."
B. "Take the medication with food or milk to reduce stomach
irritation."
,C. "Avoid drinking fluids while taking this medication."
D. "Increase your fluid intake to 1-2 liters per day."
Answer: b) "Take the medication with food or milk to reduce
stomach irritation."
Rationale: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
like ibuprofen can cause gastric irritation, so it is
recommended to take them with food or milk.
4. A nurse is caring for a client who is prescribed
atorvastatin. The nurse should monitor the client for which
of the following adverse effects?
A. Muscle pain or weakness
B. Hyperglycemia
C. Weight gain
D. Blurred vision
Answer: a) Muscle pain or weakness
Rationale: Atorvastatin and other statins can cause muscle
pain or weakness (myopathy), which can indicate a more
serious condition called rhabdomyolysis.
5. A nurse is caring for a client who has been prescribed
digoxin. Which of the following findings is the most
indicative of digoxin toxicity?
A. Hypertension
B. Bradycardia
C. Hyperkalemia
D. Dehydration
Answer: b) Bradycardia
Rationale: Digoxin toxicity can lead to bradycardia, which is
a sign of potential cardiac toxicity. Other symptoms include
nausea, vomiting, and visual disturbances.
, 6. A nurse is teaching a client who is prescribed a beta-
blocker for hypertension. Which of the following statements
indicates the need for further teaching?
A. "I should monitor my heart rate regularly."
B. "I can stop taking this medication if I feel tired."
C. "I may feel lightheaded when I stand up."
D. "I should avoid getting up too quickly."
Answer: b) "I can stop taking this medication if I feel tired."
Rationale: Beta-blockers should not be stopped abruptly, as
this can cause rebound hypertension. The client should be
instructed to follow the provider's guidance on tapering the
medication.
7. A nurse is administering an opioid analgesic to a
postoperative client. Which of the following should be
included in the nurse’s assessment before administration?
A. Bowel sounds
B. Respiratory rate
C. Blood pressure
D. Heart rate
Answer: b) Respiratory rate
Rationale: Opioids can depress the respiratory system, so it
is essential to assess the client’s respiratory rate before
administration.
8. A nurse is teaching a client about the use of a
transdermal nitroglycerin patch for angina. Which of the
following should be included in the teaching?
A. "You should apply a new patch every 12 hours."
B. "The patch should be applied over the area of pain."
C. "The patch can be left in place during bathing or
showering."
for type 2 diabetes mellitus. The nurse should monitor for
which of the following adverse effects?
A. Hypoglycemia
B. Hyperkalemia
C. Lactic acidosis
D. Constipation
Answer: c) Lactic acidosis
Rationale: Metformin can cause lactic acidosis, a serious
adverse effect. The nurse should monitor for symptoms
such as muscle pain, weakness, and respiratory distress.
2. A nurse is caring for a client receiving enalapril. Which of
the following should be monitored regularly?
A. Blood pressure
B. Blood glucose level
C. Respiratory rate
D. Serum calcium
Answer: a) Blood pressure
Rationale: Enalapril is an ACE inhibitor, primarily used for
hypertension management. Blood pressure should be
closely monitored to ensure the medication is effective.
3. A nurse is teaching a client about the use of ibuprofen for
pain management. Which of the following instructions
should the nurse include?
A. "Take the medication with an empty stomach for faster
absorption."
B. "Take the medication with food or milk to reduce stomach
irritation."
,C. "Avoid drinking fluids while taking this medication."
D. "Increase your fluid intake to 1-2 liters per day."
Answer: b) "Take the medication with food or milk to reduce
stomach irritation."
Rationale: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
like ibuprofen can cause gastric irritation, so it is
recommended to take them with food or milk.
4. A nurse is caring for a client who is prescribed
atorvastatin. The nurse should monitor the client for which
of the following adverse effects?
A. Muscle pain or weakness
B. Hyperglycemia
C. Weight gain
D. Blurred vision
Answer: a) Muscle pain or weakness
Rationale: Atorvastatin and other statins can cause muscle
pain or weakness (myopathy), which can indicate a more
serious condition called rhabdomyolysis.
5. A nurse is caring for a client who has been prescribed
digoxin. Which of the following findings is the most
indicative of digoxin toxicity?
A. Hypertension
B. Bradycardia
C. Hyperkalemia
D. Dehydration
Answer: b) Bradycardia
Rationale: Digoxin toxicity can lead to bradycardia, which is
a sign of potential cardiac toxicity. Other symptoms include
nausea, vomiting, and visual disturbances.
, 6. A nurse is teaching a client who is prescribed a beta-
blocker for hypertension. Which of the following statements
indicates the need for further teaching?
A. "I should monitor my heart rate regularly."
B. "I can stop taking this medication if I feel tired."
C. "I may feel lightheaded when I stand up."
D. "I should avoid getting up too quickly."
Answer: b) "I can stop taking this medication if I feel tired."
Rationale: Beta-blockers should not be stopped abruptly, as
this can cause rebound hypertension. The client should be
instructed to follow the provider's guidance on tapering the
medication.
7. A nurse is administering an opioid analgesic to a
postoperative client. Which of the following should be
included in the nurse’s assessment before administration?
A. Bowel sounds
B. Respiratory rate
C. Blood pressure
D. Heart rate
Answer: b) Respiratory rate
Rationale: Opioids can depress the respiratory system, so it
is essential to assess the client’s respiratory rate before
administration.
8. A nurse is teaching a client about the use of a
transdermal nitroglycerin patch for angina. Which of the
following should be included in the teaching?
A. "You should apply a new patch every 12 hours."
B. "The patch should be applied over the area of pain."
C. "The patch can be left in place during bathing or
showering."
