1. A nurse is teaching a client with glaucoma about the use
of latanoprost. The nurse should include which of the
following instructions?
A. "This medication will increase the amount of fluid in your
eyes."
B. "You may experience an increase in eye pigmentation."
C. "This medication may cause blurred vision."
D. "You should avoid sunlight while using this medication."
Answer: b) "You may experience an increase in eye
pigmentation."
Rationale: Latanoprost, a prostaglandin analog, may cause
darkening of the iris (increased pigmentation) and should be
used cautiously in patients with lighter eye colors.
2. A nurse is administering vancomycin to a client via IV
infusion. Which of the following should the nurse be aware
of when administering the medication?
A. The infusion should be given over 60 minutes to prevent
red man syndrome.
B. The infusion should be given as a rapid bolus for quicker
therapeutic effect.
C. The medication should be given on an empty stomach.
D. The client should be observed for signs of hyperkalemia.
Answer: a) The infusion should be given over 60 minutes to
prevent red man syndrome.
Rationale: Vancomycin should be infused slowly over at
least 60 minutes to prevent red man syndrome, which is
characterized by flushing and hypotension.
3. A nurse is caring for a client receiving a blood
,transfusion. The nurse should monitor the client for which of
the following signs of an allergic reaction?
A. Tachycardia
B. Fever and chills
C. Rash and itching
D. Cyanosis
Answer: c) Rash and itching
Rationale: Rash and itching are common signs of an allergic
reaction to a blood transfusion. The nurse should stop the
transfusion and notify the provider if these symptoms occur.
4. A nurse is teaching a client about the use of an inhaled
corticosteroid. Which of the following statements by the
client indicates the need for further teaching?
A. "I should rinse my mouth after using this medication."
B. "I can stop using this medication if my symptoms
improve."
C. "This medication will help prevent inflammation in my
lungs."
D. "I should use a spacer with my inhaler."
Answer: b) "I can stop using this medication if my symptoms
improve."
Rationale: Inhaled corticosteroids should be used regularly
to prevent inflammation, even when symptoms improve.
Stopping the medication may lead to a recurrence of
symptoms.
5. A nurse is administering a dose of insulin to a client with
diabetes mellitus. Which of the following actions should the
nurse take before administering the insulin?
A. Assess the client's blood glucose level
B. Administer the insulin after the meal
, C. Shake the vial of insulin before use
D. Monitor the client for signs of hyperglycemia
Answer: a) Assess the client's blood glucose level
Rationale: It is important to assess the client's blood
glucose level before administering insulin to ensure that the
correct dose is given based on the client's current glucose
level.
6. A nurse is caring for a client receiving enalapril. Which of
the following should be monitored regularly?
A. Blood pressure
B. Blood glucose level
C. Respiratory rate
D. Serum calcium
Answer: a) Blood pressure
Rationale: Enalapril is an ACE inhibitor, primarily used for
hypertension management. Blood pressure should be
closely monitored to ensure the medication is effective.
7. A client with asthma is prescribed a beta-agonist inhaler.
The nurse should instruct the client to use the inhaler for
which of the following purposes?
A. To reduce inflammation
B. To relieve acute bronchospasm
C. To prevent infections
D. To prevent nocturnal symptoms
Answer: b) To relieve acute bronchospasm
Rationale: Beta-agonists are bronchodilators that provide
quick relief of acute bronchospasm in asthma patients. They
should not be used as a long-term anti-inflammatory
treatment.
of latanoprost. The nurse should include which of the
following instructions?
A. "This medication will increase the amount of fluid in your
eyes."
B. "You may experience an increase in eye pigmentation."
C. "This medication may cause blurred vision."
D. "You should avoid sunlight while using this medication."
Answer: b) "You may experience an increase in eye
pigmentation."
Rationale: Latanoprost, a prostaglandin analog, may cause
darkening of the iris (increased pigmentation) and should be
used cautiously in patients with lighter eye colors.
2. A nurse is administering vancomycin to a client via IV
infusion. Which of the following should the nurse be aware
of when administering the medication?
A. The infusion should be given over 60 minutes to prevent
red man syndrome.
B. The infusion should be given as a rapid bolus for quicker
therapeutic effect.
C. The medication should be given on an empty stomach.
D. The client should be observed for signs of hyperkalemia.
Answer: a) The infusion should be given over 60 minutes to
prevent red man syndrome.
Rationale: Vancomycin should be infused slowly over at
least 60 minutes to prevent red man syndrome, which is
characterized by flushing and hypotension.
3. A nurse is caring for a client receiving a blood
,transfusion. The nurse should monitor the client for which of
the following signs of an allergic reaction?
A. Tachycardia
B. Fever and chills
C. Rash and itching
D. Cyanosis
Answer: c) Rash and itching
Rationale: Rash and itching are common signs of an allergic
reaction to a blood transfusion. The nurse should stop the
transfusion and notify the provider if these symptoms occur.
4. A nurse is teaching a client about the use of an inhaled
corticosteroid. Which of the following statements by the
client indicates the need for further teaching?
A. "I should rinse my mouth after using this medication."
B. "I can stop using this medication if my symptoms
improve."
C. "This medication will help prevent inflammation in my
lungs."
D. "I should use a spacer with my inhaler."
Answer: b) "I can stop using this medication if my symptoms
improve."
Rationale: Inhaled corticosteroids should be used regularly
to prevent inflammation, even when symptoms improve.
Stopping the medication may lead to a recurrence of
symptoms.
5. A nurse is administering a dose of insulin to a client with
diabetes mellitus. Which of the following actions should the
nurse take before administering the insulin?
A. Assess the client's blood glucose level
B. Administer the insulin after the meal
, C. Shake the vial of insulin before use
D. Monitor the client for signs of hyperglycemia
Answer: a) Assess the client's blood glucose level
Rationale: It is important to assess the client's blood
glucose level before administering insulin to ensure that the
correct dose is given based on the client's current glucose
level.
6. A nurse is caring for a client receiving enalapril. Which of
the following should be monitored regularly?
A. Blood pressure
B. Blood glucose level
C. Respiratory rate
D. Serum calcium
Answer: a) Blood pressure
Rationale: Enalapril is an ACE inhibitor, primarily used for
hypertension management. Blood pressure should be
closely monitored to ensure the medication is effective.
7. A client with asthma is prescribed a beta-agonist inhaler.
The nurse should instruct the client to use the inhaler for
which of the following purposes?
A. To reduce inflammation
B. To relieve acute bronchospasm
C. To prevent infections
D. To prevent nocturnal symptoms
Answer: b) To relieve acute bronchospasm
Rationale: Beta-agonists are bronchodilators that provide
quick relief of acute bronchospasm in asthma patients. They
should not be used as a long-term anti-inflammatory
treatment.
