NGN}PNPHARMACOLOGYNGN}PN g g g g
PHARMACOLOGY
PROCTOREDLATESTEXAM
g g g
QUESTIONSWITHCOMPLETE& g g g
VERIFIED RATIONALES AND ANSWERS
g g g g
2023/2024
g
A nurse is providing nursing care to patients after completing a care plan from nursing diagnoses. In which step of the
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nursing process is the nurse?
g g g g g
Assessment
Planning
g
Implementation
g
Evaluation
g
ANS: C g
Implementation, the fourth step of the nursing process, formally begins after a nurse develops a plan of care. With a care
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
gplan based on clear and relevant nursing diagnoses, a nurse initiates interventions that are designed to assist the patient
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
gin achieving the goals and expected outcomes needed to support or improve the patient’s health status. The nurse
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
gathers data during the assessment phase and mutually sets goals and prioritizes care during the planning phase. During the
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
gevaluation phase, the nurse determines the achievement of goals and effectiveness of interventions.
g g g g g g g g g g g g
The nurse is teaching a new nurse about protocols. Which
g g g g g g g g g
information from the new nurse indicates a correct understanding of theteaching? Protocols are
g g g g g g g g g g g g
guidelines to follow that replace the nursing care plan.
g g g g g g g g g
Protocols assist the clinician in making decisions and choosing interventions for
g g g g g g g g g g
specific health care problems or conditions.
g g g g g g
Protocols are policies designating each nurse’s duty according to standards of
g g g g g g g g g g
care and a code of ethics.
g g g g g g
Protocols are prescriptive order forms that help individualize the plan of care.
g g g g g g g g g g g
ANS: B
g g
A clinical practice guideline or protocol is a systematically developed set of statements that helps nurses, physicians, and
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
other health care providers make decisions about appropriate health care for specific clinical situations. This guideline
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
establishes interventions for specific health care problems or conditions. The protocol does not replace the nursing care
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
plan. Evidence- based guidelines from protocols can be incorporated into an individualized plan of care. A clinical guideline
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
is not the same as a hospital policy. Standing
g g g g g g g g g
, 1
orders contain orders for the care of a specific group of patients. A protocol is not a
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
prescriptive order form like a standing order.
g g g g g g g
The standing orders for a patient include acetaminophen 650 mg every 4 hours prn for headache. After assessing the
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
patient, the nurse identifies the g g g g g
need for headache relief and determines that the patient has not had acetaminophen in the past 4 hours.
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
Which action will the nurse take next? Administer the acetaminophen.
g g g g g g g g g
Notify the health care provider to obtain a verbal order. g g g g g g g g g
Direct the nursing assistive personnel to give the acetaminophen. Perform a pain assessment only after
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
administeringthe g
acetaminophen. ANS: A g g
A standing order is a preprinted document containing orders for the conduct of routine therapies, monitoring guidelines,
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
and/or diagnostic procedures for specific patients with identified clinical problems. The nurse will administer the
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
medication. Notifying the health care provider is not necessary if a standing order exists. The nursing assistive personnel
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
are not licensed to administer medications; therefore, medication administration should not be delegated to this person. A
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
pain assessment should be performed before andafter pain medication administration to assess the need for and
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
effectivenessof the medication.
g g g
Which action indicates a nurse is using critical thinking forimplementation of nursing care to patients?
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
Determines whether an intervention is correct and appropriate for the a. given situation g g g g g g g g g g g g
Rea d s over the steps and performs a procedure despite lack of clinicalcompetency
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
b. g
c. Establishes goals for a particular patient without assessment
g g g g g g g g
d. Evaluates the effectiveness of interventions
g g g g g
ANS: A g
As you implement interventions, use critical thinking to confirm whether the interventions are correct and still
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
appropriate for a patient’s clinical situation. You are responsible for having the necessary knowledge and clinical
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
competency to perform interventions for your patients safely and effectively. The nurse needs to recognize the safety
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
hazards of performing an intervention without clinical competency and seek assistance from another nurse. The nurse
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
cannot evaluate interventions until they are implemented. Patients need 2 ongoing assessment before establishing goals
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
because patient conditions can
g g g g
change very rapidly. g g
A nurse is reviewing a patient’s care plan. Which information
g g g g g g g g g
will the nurse identify as a nursing intervention?
g g g g g g g
The patient will ambulate in the hallway twice this shift using crutches correctly. Impaired
g g g g g g g g g g g g g
physical mobility related to inability to bear weight on right leg.
g g g g g g g g g g g
Provide assistance while the patient walks in the hallway twice this shift with
g g g g g g g g g g g g
crutches.
g
, The patient is unable to bear weight on right lower extremity.
g g g g g g g g g g
ANS: C g
Providing assistance to a patient who is ambulating is a nursing intervention. The statement, “The patient will ambulate in
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
the hallway twice this shift using crutches correctly” is a patient outcome. Impaired physical mobilityis a nursing
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
diagnosis. The statement that the patient is unable to bear weight and ambulate can be included with assessment data and
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
is a defining characteristic for the diagnosis of Impaired physical mobility.
g g g g g g g g g g g
A patient recovering from a leg fracture after a fall reports having dull pain in the affected leg and rates it as a 7 on a 0 to
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
10 scale. The patient is not
g g g g g g
able to walk around in the room with crutches because of leg discomfort. Which nursing intervention is priority?
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
for
ANS: D g
The patient’s pain is a 7, indicating the priority is pain relief (administer pain medication). Acute pain is the priority
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
because the nurse can address the problem of immobility after the patient receives adequate pain relief. Assisting the
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
patient to walk or obtaining a walker will not address the pain the patient is experiencing. The nurse is caring for a patient
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
who requires a complex dressing
g g g g g
change. While in the patient’s room, the nurse decides to change thedressing. Which action will the nurse take just before
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
changing the dressing?
g g g
Gathers and organizes needed supplies g g g g
3
g Decides on goals and outcomes for the patient g g g g g g g
Assesses the patient’s readiness for the procedure Calls
g g g g g g g g
gfor
assistance from another nursing staff member g g g g g
ANS: C g
Always be sure a patient is physically and psychologically ready for any interventions or procedures. After determining the
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
patient’s readiness for the dressing change, the nurse gathers needed supplies. The nurse establishes goals and
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
outcomes before intervening. The nurse needs to ask another staff member to help if necessary after determining
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
readiness of the patient.
g g g g
A patient visiting with family members in the waiting area tells the nurse“I don’t feel good, especially in the stomach.”
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
What should the nurse do? g g g g g
Request that the family leave, so the patient can rest. g g g g g g g g g
Ask the patient to return to the room, so the nurse can inspect the abdomen.
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
Askt he patient when the last bowel movement was and to lie down onthe sofa. c .
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
Tell the patient that the dinner tray will be ready in 15 minutes andthat may help the stomach feel better.
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
PHARMACOLOGY
PROCTOREDLATESTEXAM
g g g
QUESTIONSWITHCOMPLETE& g g g
VERIFIED RATIONALES AND ANSWERS
g g g g
2023/2024
g
A nurse is providing nursing care to patients after completing a care plan from nursing diagnoses. In which step of the
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
nursing process is the nurse?
g g g g g
Assessment
Planning
g
Implementation
g
Evaluation
g
ANS: C g
Implementation, the fourth step of the nursing process, formally begins after a nurse develops a plan of care. With a care
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
gplan based on clear and relevant nursing diagnoses, a nurse initiates interventions that are designed to assist the patient
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
gin achieving the goals and expected outcomes needed to support or improve the patient’s health status. The nurse
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
gathers data during the assessment phase and mutually sets goals and prioritizes care during the planning phase. During the
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
gevaluation phase, the nurse determines the achievement of goals and effectiveness of interventions.
g g g g g g g g g g g g
The nurse is teaching a new nurse about protocols. Which
g g g g g g g g g
information from the new nurse indicates a correct understanding of theteaching? Protocols are
g g g g g g g g g g g g
guidelines to follow that replace the nursing care plan.
g g g g g g g g g
Protocols assist the clinician in making decisions and choosing interventions for
g g g g g g g g g g
specific health care problems or conditions.
g g g g g g
Protocols are policies designating each nurse’s duty according to standards of
g g g g g g g g g g
care and a code of ethics.
g g g g g g
Protocols are prescriptive order forms that help individualize the plan of care.
g g g g g g g g g g g
ANS: B
g g
A clinical practice guideline or protocol is a systematically developed set of statements that helps nurses, physicians, and
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
other health care providers make decisions about appropriate health care for specific clinical situations. This guideline
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
establishes interventions for specific health care problems or conditions. The protocol does not replace the nursing care
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
plan. Evidence- based guidelines from protocols can be incorporated into an individualized plan of care. A clinical guideline
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
is not the same as a hospital policy. Standing
g g g g g g g g g
, 1
orders contain orders for the care of a specific group of patients. A protocol is not a
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
prescriptive order form like a standing order.
g g g g g g g
The standing orders for a patient include acetaminophen 650 mg every 4 hours prn for headache. After assessing the
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
patient, the nurse identifies the g g g g g
need for headache relief and determines that the patient has not had acetaminophen in the past 4 hours.
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
Which action will the nurse take next? Administer the acetaminophen.
g g g g g g g g g
Notify the health care provider to obtain a verbal order. g g g g g g g g g
Direct the nursing assistive personnel to give the acetaminophen. Perform a pain assessment only after
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
administeringthe g
acetaminophen. ANS: A g g
A standing order is a preprinted document containing orders for the conduct of routine therapies, monitoring guidelines,
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
and/or diagnostic procedures for specific patients with identified clinical problems. The nurse will administer the
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
medication. Notifying the health care provider is not necessary if a standing order exists. The nursing assistive personnel
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
are not licensed to administer medications; therefore, medication administration should not be delegated to this person. A
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
pain assessment should be performed before andafter pain medication administration to assess the need for and
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
effectivenessof the medication.
g g g
Which action indicates a nurse is using critical thinking forimplementation of nursing care to patients?
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
Determines whether an intervention is correct and appropriate for the a. given situation g g g g g g g g g g g g
Rea d s over the steps and performs a procedure despite lack of clinicalcompetency
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
b. g
c. Establishes goals for a particular patient without assessment
g g g g g g g g
d. Evaluates the effectiveness of interventions
g g g g g
ANS: A g
As you implement interventions, use critical thinking to confirm whether the interventions are correct and still
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
appropriate for a patient’s clinical situation. You are responsible for having the necessary knowledge and clinical
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
competency to perform interventions for your patients safely and effectively. The nurse needs to recognize the safety
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
hazards of performing an intervention without clinical competency and seek assistance from another nurse. The nurse
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
cannot evaluate interventions until they are implemented. Patients need 2 ongoing assessment before establishing goals
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
because patient conditions can
g g g g
change very rapidly. g g
A nurse is reviewing a patient’s care plan. Which information
g g g g g g g g g
will the nurse identify as a nursing intervention?
g g g g g g g
The patient will ambulate in the hallway twice this shift using crutches correctly. Impaired
g g g g g g g g g g g g g
physical mobility related to inability to bear weight on right leg.
g g g g g g g g g g g
Provide assistance while the patient walks in the hallway twice this shift with
g g g g g g g g g g g g
crutches.
g
, The patient is unable to bear weight on right lower extremity.
g g g g g g g g g g
ANS: C g
Providing assistance to a patient who is ambulating is a nursing intervention. The statement, “The patient will ambulate in
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
the hallway twice this shift using crutches correctly” is a patient outcome. Impaired physical mobilityis a nursing
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
diagnosis. The statement that the patient is unable to bear weight and ambulate can be included with assessment data and
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
is a defining characteristic for the diagnosis of Impaired physical mobility.
g g g g g g g g g g g
A patient recovering from a leg fracture after a fall reports having dull pain in the affected leg and rates it as a 7 on a 0 to
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
10 scale. The patient is not
g g g g g g
able to walk around in the room with crutches because of leg discomfort. Which nursing intervention is priority?
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
for
ANS: D g
The patient’s pain is a 7, indicating the priority is pain relief (administer pain medication). Acute pain is the priority
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
because the nurse can address the problem of immobility after the patient receives adequate pain relief. Assisting the
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
patient to walk or obtaining a walker will not address the pain the patient is experiencing. The nurse is caring for a patient
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
who requires a complex dressing
g g g g g
change. While in the patient’s room, the nurse decides to change thedressing. Which action will the nurse take just before
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
changing the dressing?
g g g
Gathers and organizes needed supplies g g g g
3
g Decides on goals and outcomes for the patient g g g g g g g
Assesses the patient’s readiness for the procedure Calls
g g g g g g g g
gfor
assistance from another nursing staff member g g g g g
ANS: C g
Always be sure a patient is physically and psychologically ready for any interventions or procedures. After determining the
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
patient’s readiness for the dressing change, the nurse gathers needed supplies. The nurse establishes goals and
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
outcomes before intervening. The nurse needs to ask another staff member to help if necessary after determining
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
readiness of the patient.
g g g g
A patient visiting with family members in the waiting area tells the nurse“I don’t feel good, especially in the stomach.”
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
What should the nurse do? g g g g g
Request that the family leave, so the patient can rest. g g g g g g g g g
Ask the patient to return to the room, so the nurse can inspect the abdomen.
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
Askt he patient when the last bowel movement was and to lie down onthe sofa. c .
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
Tell the patient that the dinner tray will be ready in 15 minutes andthat may help the stomach feel better.
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
