PNR201 Med Surg 1 Exam 2 NCLEX Questions & Answers: Updated A+ Guide. (Chapters 24, 25, 4, 5, 6, 10, 11)

A woman complains of eye itching, tearing, halos around lights, and decreased central vision. Which symptom most clearly relates to macular degeneration? 1. Eye itching 2. Tearing 3. Halos around lights 4. Decreased central vision (- Correct Answer: 4 A decrease in central vision is most characteristic of macular degeneration. (1) Eye itching, (2) tearing, and (3) halos around lights are not symptoms of macular degeneration. Before eye surgery, a patient is instructed to take stool softeners. When asked about the rationale for taking the stool softener, an appropriate response would be: 1. "The medication reduces the possibility of straining at stool postoperatively." 2. "The medication prevents constipation caused by anesthetic agents."3. "The medication cleanses the gastrointestinal tract." 4. "The medication enhances surgical recovery." (- Correct Answer: 1 Stool softeners help decrease the possibility of straining to pass stool. Straining may cause increased intraocular pressure. Stool softeners are not used for (2) reducing possible constipation from operative drugs, (3) cleansing the gastrointestinal tract, or (4) enhancing recovery. What advice may you give to an aging adult to help prevent macular degeneration? (Select all that apply.) 1. Do not smoke or quit if you do smoke. 2. Maintain a healthy weight; especially do not carry weight around the waist. 3. Avoid bending or heavy lifting. 4. Drink with a straw. (- Correct Answers: 1, 2