MASSAGE THERAPY MUSCLES EXAM 2025| 150
QUESTIONS WITH ACCURATE SOLUTIONS
1. What is the origin, insertion, and action of the Quadratus lumborum?
Posterior iliac crest, Last ribs and transverse processes of first
though fourth lumbar vertebrae, Unilaterally elevates the pelvis
or laterally flexes the vertebral column to the same side
Anterior iliac crest, Last ribs and transverse processes of first
though fourth lumbar vertebrae, Unilaterally elevates the pelvis or
laterally flexes the vertebral column to the same side
Posterior iliac crest, Last ribs and transverse processes of first
though fifth lumbar vertebrae, Unilaterally elevates the pelvis or
laterally flexes the vertebral column to the same side
2. Describe the actions performed by the sternocleidomastoid muscle.
Abduction of the shoulder, flexion of the hip, and extension of the
knee.
Elevation of the scapula, depression of the ribs, and rotation of
the spine.
Flexion of the elbow, extension of the shoulder, and rotation of
the wrist.
Flexion of neck, lateral flexion, contralateral rotation of head
and neck, extension of the head, and elevation of sternum and
clavicle.
3. What are the origins of the latissimus dorsi muscle?
Spinous process T7-L5, posterior sacrum, posterior iliac crest,
ribs 9-12
Spinous process L1-L5, lateral iliac crest, ribs 11-12
Spinous process C1-C7, anterior iliac crest, ribs 1-6
, Spinous process T1-T6, anterior sacrum, ribs 7-10
4. Describe the primary actions of the psoas major muscle and their
significance in human movement.
The psoas major muscle primarily extends the knee and rotates
the shoulder.
The psoas major muscle is responsible for hip flexion, trunk
flexion, and anteriorly tilting the pelvis.
The psoas major muscle stabilizes the spine and assists in lateral
flexion.
The psoas major muscle is involved in adduction of the hip and
extension of the trunk.
5. Describe the role of the teres minor in shoulder movement.
The teres minor is responsible for adducting the arm.
The teres minor assists in lateral shoulder rotation and stabilizes
the glenoid fossa during motion.
The teres minor primarily flexes the shoulder joint.
The teres minor helps in extending the elbow.
6. If a person is performing a pull-up exercise, which muscle actions are
primarily engaged by the teres major?
Lateral shoulder rotation and flexion
Medial shoulder rotation and adduction
Shoulder abduction and extension
Knee flexion and hip extension
7. Peroneus brevis is inserted to -
Head of third metatarsal
, Base of fifth metatarsal
Head of second metatarsal
Base of first metatarsal
8. Where does the infraspinatus originate?
greater tubercle of the humerus
acromion process
infraspinous fossa of scapula
supraspinous fossa of scapula
9. Describe the actions performed by the Peroneus Brevis muscle and their
significance in movement.
The Peroneus Brevis muscle assists in dorsiflexion and inversion of
the foot.
The Peroneus Brevis muscle is responsible for eversion and
plantar flexion of the foot, which are important for maintaining
balance and stability during walking.
The Peroneus Brevis muscle is involved in shoulder rotation and
trunk flexion.
The Peroneus Brevis muscle primarily aids in knee extension and
hip flexion.
10. What are the origins of the pectoralis major muscle?
bicipital groove of the humerus
greater tubercle of the humerus
medial clavicle, sternum and costal cartilages of ribs 1-7
lateral clavicle and ribs 8-10
, 11. If a person has weak transverse abdominals, what functional movement
might be negatively impacted during physical activities?
Core stability during lifting
Hip flexion during cycling
Shoulder rotation during throwing
Knee extension during running
12. Origin: lower half of the ligamentum nuchae and the spinous processes
of C-7 through T-4. Insertion: superior to the mastoid on the temporal
bone and occiput just inferior to the lateral third of the superior nuchal
line.
trapezius
splenius capitis
levator scapulae
semispinalis capitis
scalenus anticus
13. What is the insertion point of the piriformis muscle?
iliac crest
pubic symphysis
anterior sacrum
greater trochanter of femur
14. Describe the actions performed by the gastrocnemius muscle and their
significance in movement.
The gastrocnemius muscle functions to stabilize the shoulder
during arm movements.
QUESTIONS WITH ACCURATE SOLUTIONS
1. What is the origin, insertion, and action of the Quadratus lumborum?
Posterior iliac crest, Last ribs and transverse processes of first
though fourth lumbar vertebrae, Unilaterally elevates the pelvis
or laterally flexes the vertebral column to the same side
Anterior iliac crest, Last ribs and transverse processes of first
though fourth lumbar vertebrae, Unilaterally elevates the pelvis or
laterally flexes the vertebral column to the same side
Posterior iliac crest, Last ribs and transverse processes of first
though fifth lumbar vertebrae, Unilaterally elevates the pelvis or
laterally flexes the vertebral column to the same side
2. Describe the actions performed by the sternocleidomastoid muscle.
Abduction of the shoulder, flexion of the hip, and extension of the
knee.
Elevation of the scapula, depression of the ribs, and rotation of
the spine.
Flexion of the elbow, extension of the shoulder, and rotation of
the wrist.
Flexion of neck, lateral flexion, contralateral rotation of head
and neck, extension of the head, and elevation of sternum and
clavicle.
3. What are the origins of the latissimus dorsi muscle?
Spinous process T7-L5, posterior sacrum, posterior iliac crest,
ribs 9-12
Spinous process L1-L5, lateral iliac crest, ribs 11-12
Spinous process C1-C7, anterior iliac crest, ribs 1-6
, Spinous process T1-T6, anterior sacrum, ribs 7-10
4. Describe the primary actions of the psoas major muscle and their
significance in human movement.
The psoas major muscle primarily extends the knee and rotates
the shoulder.
The psoas major muscle is responsible for hip flexion, trunk
flexion, and anteriorly tilting the pelvis.
The psoas major muscle stabilizes the spine and assists in lateral
flexion.
The psoas major muscle is involved in adduction of the hip and
extension of the trunk.
5. Describe the role of the teres minor in shoulder movement.
The teres minor is responsible for adducting the arm.
The teres minor assists in lateral shoulder rotation and stabilizes
the glenoid fossa during motion.
The teres minor primarily flexes the shoulder joint.
The teres minor helps in extending the elbow.
6. If a person is performing a pull-up exercise, which muscle actions are
primarily engaged by the teres major?
Lateral shoulder rotation and flexion
Medial shoulder rotation and adduction
Shoulder abduction and extension
Knee flexion and hip extension
7. Peroneus brevis is inserted to -
Head of third metatarsal
, Base of fifth metatarsal
Head of second metatarsal
Base of first metatarsal
8. Where does the infraspinatus originate?
greater tubercle of the humerus
acromion process
infraspinous fossa of scapula
supraspinous fossa of scapula
9. Describe the actions performed by the Peroneus Brevis muscle and their
significance in movement.
The Peroneus Brevis muscle assists in dorsiflexion and inversion of
the foot.
The Peroneus Brevis muscle is responsible for eversion and
plantar flexion of the foot, which are important for maintaining
balance and stability during walking.
The Peroneus Brevis muscle is involved in shoulder rotation and
trunk flexion.
The Peroneus Brevis muscle primarily aids in knee extension and
hip flexion.
10. What are the origins of the pectoralis major muscle?
bicipital groove of the humerus
greater tubercle of the humerus
medial clavicle, sternum and costal cartilages of ribs 1-7
lateral clavicle and ribs 8-10
, 11. If a person has weak transverse abdominals, what functional movement
might be negatively impacted during physical activities?
Core stability during lifting
Hip flexion during cycling
Shoulder rotation during throwing
Knee extension during running
12. Origin: lower half of the ligamentum nuchae and the spinous processes
of C-7 through T-4. Insertion: superior to the mastoid on the temporal
bone and occiput just inferior to the lateral third of the superior nuchal
line.
trapezius
splenius capitis
levator scapulae
semispinalis capitis
scalenus anticus
13. What is the insertion point of the piriformis muscle?
iliac crest
pubic symphysis
anterior sacrum
greater trochanter of femur
14. Describe the actions performed by the gastrocnemius muscle and their
significance in movement.
The gastrocnemius muscle functions to stabilize the shoulder
during arm movements.
