Pharmacotherapeutics for Advanced Practice
Nurse Prescribers Exam questions and
answers.
Nurse practitioner prescriptive authority is regulated by who? - ANS >> The State Board of Nursing for
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
Each State
B B
What is the benefits of having an APRN prescriber? - ANS >> APRN's care for patients more holistically
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
and include patients in making decisions regarding their care
B B B B B B B B B
What does clinical judgement in prescribing include? - ANS >> Factoring in the cost of the particular
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
What is included in the criteria for choosing and effective drug for a disorder? - ANS >> Consulting
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
nationally recognized guidelines for disease management
B B B B B B
NP's thrive under the new health-care reform because of what? - ANS >> NP's have the ability to
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
control care cost and improve patient outcome
B B B B B B B
Nutritional intake and lab results reflect hypoalbuminemia; why is this important for prescribers? -
B B B B B B B B B B B B B
ANS >> The Distribution of drugs to target tissues may be affected
B B B B B B B B B B B B
Drugs that have an significant first-pass effect what? - ANS >> they are rapidly metabolized by the liver
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
and may have little if any desired action
B B B B B B B B
The route of excretion of a volatile drug will likely be? - ANS >> Lungs
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
Medroxyprogesterone (Depo Provera) is prescribed IM to create storage reservoir of the drug. What B B B B B B B B B B B B B
are storage reserviors> - ANS >> Increased the length of time a drug is available and active
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
Why is Cephalexin given every 8 hours? What knowledge of the drug does the NP know? - ANS >>
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
Half Life
B B
Azithromycin doing requires that the first day's doing be twice those of the other four day; This is
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
considered a loading does. What is a loading dose? - ANS >> Rapidly actives drug levels in the
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
therapeutic range
B B
The point in time on the drug concentration curve that indicates the first sign of a therapeutic effect is
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
the: - ANS >> Onset of action
B B B B B B B
Phenytoin required that a trough level be drawn. When and why are peak and trough levels are done
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
- ANS >> To determine if a d rug is in the therapeutic range
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
Drugs that are receptor agonists may demonstrate what property? - ANS >> Concentrations will
B B B B B B B B B B B B B
produce an adverse effect
B B B B
Factors that affect gastric drug absorption include - ANS >> Lipid solubility of the drug
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
Drugs that are receptors antagonists, such as beta-blockers, may cause what? - ANS >> An
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
exaggerated response if abrupt discontinues
B B B B B
Drug administration via IV:
B B B
1) need to be lipid soluble in order to absorb easily
B B B B B B B B B B
2) Begin distribution in the body immediately
B B B B B B
3) Are easily absorbed if they are nonionized
B B B B B B B
, 4) May use pinocytosis to be absorbed - ANS >> Are easily absorbed if they are nonionized
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
What is the combination effect when a medication is added to a regimen for a synergistic effect? -
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
BANS >> Greater than the sum of the effects of each drug individually
B B B B B B B B B B B B
Which of the following statements about bioavailability is true?
B B B B B B B B
1) Bioavailability issues are especially important for drugs with narrow therapeutic
B B B B B B B B B B
ranges or sustained-release mechanisms.
B B B
2) brands of a drug have the same bioavailability.
B B B B B B B B
3) Drugs that are administered more than once a day have greater bioavailability than
B B B B B B B B B B B B B
drugs given once daily.
B B B
4) Combining an active drug with an inert substance does not affect bioavailability. - ANS >>
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
BBioavailability issues are especially important for drugs with narrow therapeutic
B B B B B B B B B
Which of the following statements about the major distribution barriers (blood-brain or fetal-
B B B B B B B B B B B B
placental) is true? B B
1) Water soluble and ionized drugs cross these barriers rapidly.
B B B B B B B B B
2) The blood-brain barrier slows the entry of many drugs into and from brain cells.
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
3) The fetal-placental barrier protects the fetus from drugs taken by the mother.
B B B B B B B B B B B B
4) Lipid-soluble drugs do not pass these barriers and are safe for pregnant women - ANS >> The
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
Bblood-brain barrier slows the entry of many drugs into and from brain cells.
B B B B B B B B B B B B
What is the purpose of phase I and phase II of metabolism in the liver? - ANS >> Change drug
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
Bmolecules to a form that an excretory organ can excrete
B B B B B B B B B
What happens to the metabolites after they are metabolized in the liver? - ANS >> the metabolite may
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
Bor may not be more active than the parent drug and they are totally deactivated so they are excreted
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
Bwithout and effect; it depends on the medication being given
B B B B B B B B B
What causes the body to increased the excretion of a drug through the renal system - ANS >>
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
BUnbinding a nonvolatile drug from plasma proteins.
B B B B B B
What is "steady state"? - ANS >> When the amount of the drug in the body remains constant
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
When two pain medications are given together to treat pain, what kind of drug-to-drug interaction
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
Boccurs? - ANS >> Additive B B B B
Actions taken to reduce drug—drug interaction problems include all of the following EXCEPT:
B B B B B B B B B B B B
1) Reducing the dosage of one of the drugs
B B B B B B B B
2) Scheduling their administration at different times
B B B B B B
3) Prescribing a third drug to counteract the adverse reaction of the combination
B B B B B B B B B B B B
4) Reducing the dosage of both drugs - ANS >> Prescribing a third drug to counteract the adverse
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
Breaction of the combination B B B
What reduces the inhibition properties of Phase 1 Oxidative reductive process of drug metabolism? -
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
BANS >> B B
What is the period of time called that it takes for a drug too decreased by 50% in the body? - ANS >>
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
BHalf Life B
Drug antagonism is best defined as an effect of a drug that:
B B B B B B B B B B B
1. Leads to major physiological and psychological dependence
B B B B B B B
2. Is modified by the concurrent administration of another drug
B B B B B B B B B
3. Cannot be metabolized before another dose is administered
B B B B B B B B
Nurse Prescribers Exam questions and
answers.
Nurse practitioner prescriptive authority is regulated by who? - ANS >> The State Board of Nursing for
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
Each State
B B
What is the benefits of having an APRN prescriber? - ANS >> APRN's care for patients more holistically
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
and include patients in making decisions regarding their care
B B B B B B B B B
What does clinical judgement in prescribing include? - ANS >> Factoring in the cost of the particular
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
What is included in the criteria for choosing and effective drug for a disorder? - ANS >> Consulting
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
nationally recognized guidelines for disease management
B B B B B B
NP's thrive under the new health-care reform because of what? - ANS >> NP's have the ability to
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
control care cost and improve patient outcome
B B B B B B B
Nutritional intake and lab results reflect hypoalbuminemia; why is this important for prescribers? -
B B B B B B B B B B B B B
ANS >> The Distribution of drugs to target tissues may be affected
B B B B B B B B B B B B
Drugs that have an significant first-pass effect what? - ANS >> they are rapidly metabolized by the liver
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
and may have little if any desired action
B B B B B B B B
The route of excretion of a volatile drug will likely be? - ANS >> Lungs
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
Medroxyprogesterone (Depo Provera) is prescribed IM to create storage reservoir of the drug. What B B B B B B B B B B B B B
are storage reserviors> - ANS >> Increased the length of time a drug is available and active
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
Why is Cephalexin given every 8 hours? What knowledge of the drug does the NP know? - ANS >>
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
Half Life
B B
Azithromycin doing requires that the first day's doing be twice those of the other four day; This is
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
considered a loading does. What is a loading dose? - ANS >> Rapidly actives drug levels in the
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
therapeutic range
B B
The point in time on the drug concentration curve that indicates the first sign of a therapeutic effect is
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
the: - ANS >> Onset of action
B B B B B B B
Phenytoin required that a trough level be drawn. When and why are peak and trough levels are done
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
- ANS >> To determine if a d rug is in the therapeutic range
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
Drugs that are receptor agonists may demonstrate what property? - ANS >> Concentrations will
B B B B B B B B B B B B B
produce an adverse effect
B B B B
Factors that affect gastric drug absorption include - ANS >> Lipid solubility of the drug
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
Drugs that are receptors antagonists, such as beta-blockers, may cause what? - ANS >> An
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
exaggerated response if abrupt discontinues
B B B B B
Drug administration via IV:
B B B
1) need to be lipid soluble in order to absorb easily
B B B B B B B B B B
2) Begin distribution in the body immediately
B B B B B B
3) Are easily absorbed if they are nonionized
B B B B B B B
, 4) May use pinocytosis to be absorbed - ANS >> Are easily absorbed if they are nonionized
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
What is the combination effect when a medication is added to a regimen for a synergistic effect? -
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
BANS >> Greater than the sum of the effects of each drug individually
B B B B B B B B B B B B
Which of the following statements about bioavailability is true?
B B B B B B B B
1) Bioavailability issues are especially important for drugs with narrow therapeutic
B B B B B B B B B B
ranges or sustained-release mechanisms.
B B B
2) brands of a drug have the same bioavailability.
B B B B B B B B
3) Drugs that are administered more than once a day have greater bioavailability than
B B B B B B B B B B B B B
drugs given once daily.
B B B
4) Combining an active drug with an inert substance does not affect bioavailability. - ANS >>
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
BBioavailability issues are especially important for drugs with narrow therapeutic
B B B B B B B B B
Which of the following statements about the major distribution barriers (blood-brain or fetal-
B B B B B B B B B B B B
placental) is true? B B
1) Water soluble and ionized drugs cross these barriers rapidly.
B B B B B B B B B
2) The blood-brain barrier slows the entry of many drugs into and from brain cells.
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
3) The fetal-placental barrier protects the fetus from drugs taken by the mother.
B B B B B B B B B B B B
4) Lipid-soluble drugs do not pass these barriers and are safe for pregnant women - ANS >> The
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
Bblood-brain barrier slows the entry of many drugs into and from brain cells.
B B B B B B B B B B B B
What is the purpose of phase I and phase II of metabolism in the liver? - ANS >> Change drug
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
Bmolecules to a form that an excretory organ can excrete
B B B B B B B B B
What happens to the metabolites after they are metabolized in the liver? - ANS >> the metabolite may
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
Bor may not be more active than the parent drug and they are totally deactivated so they are excreted
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
Bwithout and effect; it depends on the medication being given
B B B B B B B B B
What causes the body to increased the excretion of a drug through the renal system - ANS >>
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
BUnbinding a nonvolatile drug from plasma proteins.
B B B B B B
What is "steady state"? - ANS >> When the amount of the drug in the body remains constant
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
When two pain medications are given together to treat pain, what kind of drug-to-drug interaction
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
Boccurs? - ANS >> Additive B B B B
Actions taken to reduce drug—drug interaction problems include all of the following EXCEPT:
B B B B B B B B B B B B
1) Reducing the dosage of one of the drugs
B B B B B B B B
2) Scheduling their administration at different times
B B B B B B
3) Prescribing a third drug to counteract the adverse reaction of the combination
B B B B B B B B B B B B
4) Reducing the dosage of both drugs - ANS >> Prescribing a third drug to counteract the adverse
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
Breaction of the combination B B B
What reduces the inhibition properties of Phase 1 Oxidative reductive process of drug metabolism? -
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
BANS >> B B
What is the period of time called that it takes for a drug too decreased by 50% in the body? - ANS >>
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
BHalf Life B
Drug antagonism is best defined as an effect of a drug that:
B B B B B B B B B B B
1. Leads to major physiological and psychological dependence
B B B B B B B
2. Is modified by the concurrent administration of another drug
B B B B B B B B B
3. Cannot be metabolized before another dose is administered
B B B B B B B B
