, Chapterg01:gRadiationgPhysics
MULTIPLEg CHOICE
1. Thegfundamentalg unitgofg matterg isgthe
a. proton.
b. neutron.
c. electron.
d. atom.
ANS:g D
Agprotongisgagsubatomicgparticle;gthegfundamentalgunitgofgmattergisgthegatom.gAgneutrong
isg agsubatomicg particle;g theg fundamentalg unitgofg mattergisg thegatom.g Ang electrongisgag
subatomicgparticle;gthegfundamentalgunitgofgmattergisgthegatom.gThegfundamentalg unitgof
g mattergisgthegatom.
DIF: Recall REF:g g Pageg8 OBJ:g 1
TOP:g CDA,g RHS,g III.B.2.g Describeg theg characteristicsgofg x-radiation
MSC:gNBDHE,g2.0gObtaininggandgInterpretinggRadiographsg|gNBDHE,g2.1gPrinciplesgofgradiophy
sicsgandgradiobiology
2. Thegnucleusg ofgangatomgcontains
a. protons.
b. neutrons.
c. protonsgandgneutrons.
d. electrons.
ANS:g C
Thegnucleusgofgangatomgcontainsgneutronsgasgwellgasgprotons.gThegnucleusgofgangato
mgcontainsgprotonsgasgwellgasgneutrons.gThegnucleusgofgangatomgcontainsgprotonsgan
dgneutrons.gThegnucleusgofgangatomgdoesgnotgcontaingelectrons;gitgcontainsgprotonsga
ndgneutrons.
DIF: Recall REF:g g Pageg8 OBJ:g 2
TOP:g CDA,g RHS,g III.B.2.g Describeg theg characteristicsgofg x-radiation
MSC:gNBDHE,g2.0gObtaininggandgInterpretinggRadiographsg|gNBDHE,g2.1gPrinciplesgofgradiophy
sicsgandgradiobiology
, 3. Whichgsubatomicgparticlegcarriesg agnegativegelectricalgcharge?
a. Agneutron
b. Agproton
c. Angelectron
d. Agnucleon
ANS:g C
Agneutrongdoesgnotgcarrygangelectricalgcharge.gAgprotongcarriesgagpositivegelectricalgcharge.g
Angelectrongcarriesgagnegativegelectricalgcharge.gAgnucleongcarriesgagpositiveg(proton)gor
nog (neutron)g electricalg charge.
DIF: Comprehension REF:g Pageg8
OBJ:g2gTOP:gCDA,gRHS,gIII.B.2.gDescribegthegcharacteristicsgofgx-
radiation
MSC:gNBDHE,g2.0gObtaininggandgInterpretinggRadiographsg|gNBDHE,g2.1gPrinciplesgofgradiophy
sicsgandgradiobiology
4. Whichgofgtheg followinggelementsg isgthegsimplestgatom?
a. Hydrogeng (Hg #1)
b. Heliumg(Heg#2)
c. Nitrogeng (Ng#7)
d. Oxygeng(Og#8)
ANS:g A
Atomicgnumbersgaregassignedgfromgsimplestgtogmostgcomplex.gHydrogengisgthegsimplest
gatom;gwithgagsinglegproton,gitghasgangatomicgnumbergofg1.gHeliumghasgangatomicgnumb
ergofg2.g Nitrogeng hasgang atomicgnumberg ofg7.g Oxygeng hasg ang atomicgnumberg ofg8.
DIF: Comprehension REF:g Pageg8
OBJ:g2gTOP:gCDA,gRHS,gIII.B.2.gDescribegthegcharacteristicsgofgx-
radiation
MSC:g NBDHE,g 2.0g Obtainingg andg InterpretinggRadiographsg |g NBDHE,g 2.1g Principlesg ofradiophysicsgandgradiobiology
, 5. Whichgofgthegfollowinggstatementsgisgtrueg ofgorbitsg orgshellsgingthegatom?
a. Protonsgtravelgaroundgthegnucleusgingwell-
definedgshells.
b. Ang atomgcontainsginnumerableg shells.
c. Thegenergyglevelgwithingeachgshellgisgthe
same.
d. Thegorbitinggshellgclosestgtogthegnucleus
hasgtheghighestgenergyglevel.
ANS:g D
Electronsgtravelgaroundgthegnucleusgingwell-
definedgshells.gAngatomgcontainsgagmaximumg ofgsevengshells.gEachgofgthegmaximumgsev
engshellsgwithingangatomgrepresentsgagdifferentgenergyglevel.gThegorbitinggshellgclosestgtog
thegnucleusghasgtheghighestgenergyglevel.gThegKgshellgisgthegorbitinggshellgclosestgtogthegn
ucleus.
DIF: Comprehension REF:g Pageg8
OBJ:g2gTOP:gCDA,gRHS,gIII.B.2.gDescribegthegcharacteristicsgofgx-
radiation
MSC:gNBDHE,g2.0gObtaininggandgInterpretinggRadiographsg|gNBDHE,g2.1gPrinciplesgofgradiophy
sicsgandgradiobiology
6. Thegbindingg energygorgbindinggforceg ofgangelectrongis
a. determinedg bygthegdistancegbetweeng the
neutronsgandgprotonsgwithingthegnucleus.
b. determinedg bygthegdistancegbetweeng the
orbitinggelectronsgandg thegnucleus.
c. weakergforgelectronsglocatedginginner
shellsgthangingoutergshells.
d. determinedg bygthegatomicgnumber.
ANS:g B
Thegbindinggenergygorgbindinggforcegofgangelectrongisgdeterminedgbygthegdistancegbetwe
engthegnucleusgandgthegorbitingg electron.g Thegbindingg energygorgbindinggforcegofgangelec
trong isg determinedg byg theg distanceg betweeng theg orbitingg electrong andg theg nucleus,g n
otg thegdistancegbetweeng thegorbitingg electrons.g Theg bindingg energyg org bindingg forceg
ofg angelectrongisg strongerg forg electronsg locatedg ing innerg shellsg thang forg outerg shells.
DIF: Recall REF:g g Pageg8 OBJ:g g 2 TOP:g CDA,g N/A
MSC:g NBDHE,g 2.0g Obtainingg andg InterpretinggRadiographsg |g NBDHE,g 2.1g Principlesg ofradiophysicsgandgradiobiology
MULTIPLEg CHOICE
1. Thegfundamentalg unitgofg matterg isgthe
a. proton.
b. neutron.
c. electron.
d. atom.
ANS:g D
Agprotongisgagsubatomicgparticle;gthegfundamentalgunitgofgmattergisgthegatom.gAgneutrong
isg agsubatomicg particle;g theg fundamentalg unitgofg mattergisg thegatom.g Ang electrongisgag
subatomicgparticle;gthegfundamentalgunitgofgmattergisgthegatom.gThegfundamentalg unitgof
g mattergisgthegatom.
DIF: Recall REF:g g Pageg8 OBJ:g 1
TOP:g CDA,g RHS,g III.B.2.g Describeg theg characteristicsgofg x-radiation
MSC:gNBDHE,g2.0gObtaininggandgInterpretinggRadiographsg|gNBDHE,g2.1gPrinciplesgofgradiophy
sicsgandgradiobiology
2. Thegnucleusg ofgangatomgcontains
a. protons.
b. neutrons.
c. protonsgandgneutrons.
d. electrons.
ANS:g C
Thegnucleusgofgangatomgcontainsgneutronsgasgwellgasgprotons.gThegnucleusgofgangato
mgcontainsgprotonsgasgwellgasgneutrons.gThegnucleusgofgangatomgcontainsgprotonsgan
dgneutrons.gThegnucleusgofgangatomgdoesgnotgcontaingelectrons;gitgcontainsgprotonsga
ndgneutrons.
DIF: Recall REF:g g Pageg8 OBJ:g 2
TOP:g CDA,g RHS,g III.B.2.g Describeg theg characteristicsgofg x-radiation
MSC:gNBDHE,g2.0gObtaininggandgInterpretinggRadiographsg|gNBDHE,g2.1gPrinciplesgofgradiophy
sicsgandgradiobiology
, 3. Whichgsubatomicgparticlegcarriesg agnegativegelectricalgcharge?
a. Agneutron
b. Agproton
c. Angelectron
d. Agnucleon
ANS:g C
Agneutrongdoesgnotgcarrygangelectricalgcharge.gAgprotongcarriesgagpositivegelectricalgcharge.g
Angelectrongcarriesgagnegativegelectricalgcharge.gAgnucleongcarriesgagpositiveg(proton)gor
nog (neutron)g electricalg charge.
DIF: Comprehension REF:g Pageg8
OBJ:g2gTOP:gCDA,gRHS,gIII.B.2.gDescribegthegcharacteristicsgofgx-
radiation
MSC:gNBDHE,g2.0gObtaininggandgInterpretinggRadiographsg|gNBDHE,g2.1gPrinciplesgofgradiophy
sicsgandgradiobiology
4. Whichgofgtheg followinggelementsg isgthegsimplestgatom?
a. Hydrogeng (Hg #1)
b. Heliumg(Heg#2)
c. Nitrogeng (Ng#7)
d. Oxygeng(Og#8)
ANS:g A
Atomicgnumbersgaregassignedgfromgsimplestgtogmostgcomplex.gHydrogengisgthegsimplest
gatom;gwithgagsinglegproton,gitghasgangatomicgnumbergofg1.gHeliumghasgangatomicgnumb
ergofg2.g Nitrogeng hasgang atomicgnumberg ofg7.g Oxygeng hasg ang atomicgnumberg ofg8.
DIF: Comprehension REF:g Pageg8
OBJ:g2gTOP:gCDA,gRHS,gIII.B.2.gDescribegthegcharacteristicsgofgx-
radiation
MSC:g NBDHE,g 2.0g Obtainingg andg InterpretinggRadiographsg |g NBDHE,g 2.1g Principlesg ofradiophysicsgandgradiobiology
, 5. Whichgofgthegfollowinggstatementsgisgtrueg ofgorbitsg orgshellsgingthegatom?
a. Protonsgtravelgaroundgthegnucleusgingwell-
definedgshells.
b. Ang atomgcontainsginnumerableg shells.
c. Thegenergyglevelgwithingeachgshellgisgthe
same.
d. Thegorbitinggshellgclosestgtogthegnucleus
hasgtheghighestgenergyglevel.
ANS:g D
Electronsgtravelgaroundgthegnucleusgingwell-
definedgshells.gAngatomgcontainsgagmaximumg ofgsevengshells.gEachgofgthegmaximumgsev
engshellsgwithingangatomgrepresentsgagdifferentgenergyglevel.gThegorbitinggshellgclosestgtog
thegnucleusghasgtheghighestgenergyglevel.gThegKgshellgisgthegorbitinggshellgclosestgtogthegn
ucleus.
DIF: Comprehension REF:g Pageg8
OBJ:g2gTOP:gCDA,gRHS,gIII.B.2.gDescribegthegcharacteristicsgofgx-
radiation
MSC:gNBDHE,g2.0gObtaininggandgInterpretinggRadiographsg|gNBDHE,g2.1gPrinciplesgofgradiophy
sicsgandgradiobiology
6. Thegbindingg energygorgbindinggforceg ofgangelectrongis
a. determinedg bygthegdistancegbetweeng the
neutronsgandgprotonsgwithingthegnucleus.
b. determinedg bygthegdistancegbetweeng the
orbitinggelectronsgandg thegnucleus.
c. weakergforgelectronsglocatedginginner
shellsgthangingoutergshells.
d. determinedg bygthegatomicgnumber.
ANS:g B
Thegbindinggenergygorgbindinggforcegofgangelectrongisgdeterminedgbygthegdistancegbetwe
engthegnucleusgandgthegorbitingg electron.g Thegbindingg energygorgbindinggforcegofgangelec
trong isg determinedg byg theg distanceg betweeng theg orbitingg electrong andg theg nucleus,g n
otg thegdistancegbetweeng thegorbitingg electrons.g Theg bindingg energyg org bindingg forceg
ofg angelectrongisg strongerg forg electronsg locatedg ing innerg shellsg thang forg outerg shells.
DIF: Recall REF:g g Pageg8 OBJ:g g 2 TOP:g CDA,g N/A
MSC:g NBDHE,g 2.0g Obtainingg andg InterpretinggRadiographsg |g NBDHE,g 2.1g Principlesg ofradiophysicsgandgradiobiology
