Chapter 01: Drug Regulation, Actions, and Responses
bg bg bg bg bg bg
Workman & LaCharity: Understanding Pharmacology: Essentials for Medication Safety, 1st
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
Edition
bg
MULTIPLE CHOICE bg
bg BASIC
CONCEPTS
bg
1. Which health care professional has the major responsibility for dispensing prescribed
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
drugs under the direction of a pharmacist?
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
a. Physician
b Nurse practitioner bg
.
c. Licensed nurse bg
d Pharmacy technician bg
.
ANS: D b g
The physician and nurse practitioner have the major responsibility for prescribing drugs, not
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
dispensing them. The licensed nurse has the primary responsibility for administering drugs,
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
although under some circumstances a licensed nurse may dispense prescribed drugs but this is
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
not his or her major responsibility in drug therapy. The pharmacy technician has the major
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
responsibility of dispensing prescribed drugs under the direction of a licensed pharmacist.
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering bg bg REF: p. 3 bg
2. Which term describes the effect of a drug that improves body function?
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
a. Side effect bg
b Intended action bg
.
c. Adverse reaction bg
d Idiosyncratic response bg
.
ANS: B b g
The purpose of drug therapy is to take a drug to prevent, reduce, or correct a health problem.
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
This response is any drug’s intended action also known as a therapeutic response.
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering bg bg REF: p. 3 bg
3. Which type of drug name is ―owned‖ by the company that manufactures it?
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
a. Generic name bg
b Chemical name bg
, .
c. Category name bg
d Trade name bg
.
ANS: D b g
The chemical name is a drug’s exact chemical composition. The generic name is the name
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
assigned to the drug by the U.S. Adopted Names Council and is not owned by anyone. The
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
category name refers to the type of drug (what it does or what it is used for) and is not an
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
actual drug name. The trade name (brand name) is the name provided and owned by a
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
specific drug’s manufacturer.
bg bg bg
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering bg bg REF: p. 4 bg
4. Which drug or drug class is a ―high alert‖ drug? bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
a. Penicillin
b Insulin
.
c. NSAIDs
d Calcium
.
ANS: B b g
A high alert drug is one in which harm is likely to result if given at the wrong dose, to the
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
wrong patient, or not given to the correct patient. Drugs classified as high alert drugs include
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
potassium, narcotics (opioids), insulin, cancer chemotherapy drugs, and heparin (or any drug
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
that strongly affects blood clotting). Penicillin, NSAIDs, and calcium are not considered high
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
alert drugs.
bg bg
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering bg bg REF: p. 4 bg
5. What is the term for a drug that has the same action as a naturally occurring
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
body hormone or enzyme?
bg bg bg bg
a. Agonist
b Blocking agent bg
.
c. Chemical
d Duplicator
.
ANS: A b g
A drug agonist is an extrinsic drug that activates the receptor sites of a cell and mimics the
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
actions of naturally occurring body substances (intrinsic drugs). A blocking agent is a drug
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
,antagonist. A chemical would not necessarily be a drug at all. A duplicator is not a pharmacologic
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
term.
bg
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering bg bg REF: pp. 6-7 bg
6. Which term describes how the body affects drug activity? bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
a. Drug potency bg
b Pharmacodynamics
.
c. Therapeutic effect bg
d Pharmacokinetics
.
ANS: D b g
The term pharmacokinetics refers to drug metabolism and how the body changes a drug.
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
Pharmacodynamics refers to how a drug works to change body function. Drug potency refers
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
to how strongly or to what degree a drug exerts its effects. The therapeutic effect is closer to
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
pharmacodynamics, meaning how a drug works to change body function.
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering bg bg REF: p. 10 bg
7. In the United States, which group is responsible for enforcing established standards
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
for
bg drug manufacturing?
bg bg
a. U.S. Pharmacopeia bg
b National Institutes of Health bg bg bg
.
c. Food and Drug Administrationbg bg bg
d Association of Pharmaceutical Manufacturers bg bg bg
.
ANS: C b g
The standards for drug manufacture are established by the U.S. Pharmacopeia. These
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
standards are enforced by the Food and Drug Administration. Neither the National Institutes of
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
Health nor the Association of Pharmaceutical Manufacturers has any authority to enforce
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
drug standards.
bg bg
DIF: b g b g Cognitive Level: Remembering bg bg b g b g b g b g REF: b g b g p. 5 bg
8. Which factor is a major disadvantage of the transdermal drug delivery route?
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
a. Only a prescriber can administer drugs by the transdermal
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
route. bg
b Transdermal drugs must be sterile rather than clean. bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
.
c. First pass drug loss by this route is the most extensive.
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
d Drug absorption is dependent on adequate circulation.
bg bg bg bg bg bg
, .
ANS: D b g
Once a transdermal drug moves through the skin, it must enter the bloodstream to reach its
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
target tissue. If circulation is poor to the area where the transdermal drug is applied, very
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
little, if any, of the drug will reach its target tissue.
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering bg bg REF: p. 12 bg
9. How are intrinsic drugs different from extrinsic drugs? bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
a. Intrinsic drugs are made by the body, whereas extrinsic drugs are made outside the body.
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
b Intrinsic drugs are administered by the parenteral route, whereas extrinsic drugs are
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
. administered by the oral route.
bg bg bg bg bg
c. Extrinsic drugs can only be applied to the skin or mucous membranes, whereas intrinsic
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
drugs are taken internally. bg bg bg
d Extrinsic drugs require a prescription for administration, whereas intrinsic drugs are
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
. available over-the-counter.
bg bg
ANS: A b g
Intrinsic drugs are the hormones, enzymes, and other chemicals made by the body that
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
change cell activity. Extrinsic drugs are manufactured from chemical, animal, or plant sources
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
and must have a means of entering the body in order to change cell activity.
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding bg bg REF: p. 3 bg
10. A patient asks why his drug to control high blood pressure has only one generic name
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
and two different trade names. What is your best response?
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
a. ―Most drugs have different trade names that indicate different dosages.‖
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
b ―The two different trade names indicate that one is a more pure and safer drug than the
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
. other.‖ bg
c. ―The generic name is the actual official drug name and the trade name is a brand owned
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
by a specific manufacturer.‖
bg bg bg bg
d ―If you have insurance, you can get the trade name drug, which is usually more expensive
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
. than the generic named drug.‖ bg bg bg bg
ANS: C b g
The generic name is the name assigned to the drug by the U.S. Adopted Names Council and is
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
not owned by anyone. The trade name (brand name) is the name provided and owned by a
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
specific drug’s manufacturer. More than one manufacturer can make and sell the same drug at
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
the same time under a different trade name. Regardless of trade name, all drugs that have the
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
same generic name must be alike in their chemical composition and strength.
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying or Higher bg bg bg bg REF: pp. 3-4 bg
bg bg bg bg bg bg
Workman & LaCharity: Understanding Pharmacology: Essentials for Medication Safety, 1st
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
Edition
bg
MULTIPLE CHOICE bg
bg BASIC
CONCEPTS
bg
1. Which health care professional has the major responsibility for dispensing prescribed
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
drugs under the direction of a pharmacist?
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
a. Physician
b Nurse practitioner bg
.
c. Licensed nurse bg
d Pharmacy technician bg
.
ANS: D b g
The physician and nurse practitioner have the major responsibility for prescribing drugs, not
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
dispensing them. The licensed nurse has the primary responsibility for administering drugs,
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
although under some circumstances a licensed nurse may dispense prescribed drugs but this is
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
not his or her major responsibility in drug therapy. The pharmacy technician has the major
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
responsibility of dispensing prescribed drugs under the direction of a licensed pharmacist.
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering bg bg REF: p. 3 bg
2. Which term describes the effect of a drug that improves body function?
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
a. Side effect bg
b Intended action bg
.
c. Adverse reaction bg
d Idiosyncratic response bg
.
ANS: B b g
The purpose of drug therapy is to take a drug to prevent, reduce, or correct a health problem.
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
This response is any drug’s intended action also known as a therapeutic response.
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering bg bg REF: p. 3 bg
3. Which type of drug name is ―owned‖ by the company that manufactures it?
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
a. Generic name bg
b Chemical name bg
, .
c. Category name bg
d Trade name bg
.
ANS: D b g
The chemical name is a drug’s exact chemical composition. The generic name is the name
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
assigned to the drug by the U.S. Adopted Names Council and is not owned by anyone. The
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
category name refers to the type of drug (what it does or what it is used for) and is not an
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
actual drug name. The trade name (brand name) is the name provided and owned by a
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
specific drug’s manufacturer.
bg bg bg
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering bg bg REF: p. 4 bg
4. Which drug or drug class is a ―high alert‖ drug? bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
a. Penicillin
b Insulin
.
c. NSAIDs
d Calcium
.
ANS: B b g
A high alert drug is one in which harm is likely to result if given at the wrong dose, to the
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
wrong patient, or not given to the correct patient. Drugs classified as high alert drugs include
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
potassium, narcotics (opioids), insulin, cancer chemotherapy drugs, and heparin (or any drug
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
that strongly affects blood clotting). Penicillin, NSAIDs, and calcium are not considered high
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
alert drugs.
bg bg
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering bg bg REF: p. 4 bg
5. What is the term for a drug that has the same action as a naturally occurring
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
body hormone or enzyme?
bg bg bg bg
a. Agonist
b Blocking agent bg
.
c. Chemical
d Duplicator
.
ANS: A b g
A drug agonist is an extrinsic drug that activates the receptor sites of a cell and mimics the
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
actions of naturally occurring body substances (intrinsic drugs). A blocking agent is a drug
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
,antagonist. A chemical would not necessarily be a drug at all. A duplicator is not a pharmacologic
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
term.
bg
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering bg bg REF: pp. 6-7 bg
6. Which term describes how the body affects drug activity? bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
a. Drug potency bg
b Pharmacodynamics
.
c. Therapeutic effect bg
d Pharmacokinetics
.
ANS: D b g
The term pharmacokinetics refers to drug metabolism and how the body changes a drug.
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
Pharmacodynamics refers to how a drug works to change body function. Drug potency refers
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
to how strongly or to what degree a drug exerts its effects. The therapeutic effect is closer to
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
pharmacodynamics, meaning how a drug works to change body function.
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering bg bg REF: p. 10 bg
7. In the United States, which group is responsible for enforcing established standards
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
for
bg drug manufacturing?
bg bg
a. U.S. Pharmacopeia bg
b National Institutes of Health bg bg bg
.
c. Food and Drug Administrationbg bg bg
d Association of Pharmaceutical Manufacturers bg bg bg
.
ANS: C b g
The standards for drug manufacture are established by the U.S. Pharmacopeia. These
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
standards are enforced by the Food and Drug Administration. Neither the National Institutes of
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
Health nor the Association of Pharmaceutical Manufacturers has any authority to enforce
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
drug standards.
bg bg
DIF: b g b g Cognitive Level: Remembering bg bg b g b g b g b g REF: b g b g p. 5 bg
8. Which factor is a major disadvantage of the transdermal drug delivery route?
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
a. Only a prescriber can administer drugs by the transdermal
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
route. bg
b Transdermal drugs must be sterile rather than clean. bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
.
c. First pass drug loss by this route is the most extensive.
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
d Drug absorption is dependent on adequate circulation.
bg bg bg bg bg bg
, .
ANS: D b g
Once a transdermal drug moves through the skin, it must enter the bloodstream to reach its
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
target tissue. If circulation is poor to the area where the transdermal drug is applied, very
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
little, if any, of the drug will reach its target tissue.
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering bg bg REF: p. 12 bg
9. How are intrinsic drugs different from extrinsic drugs? bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
a. Intrinsic drugs are made by the body, whereas extrinsic drugs are made outside the body.
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
b Intrinsic drugs are administered by the parenteral route, whereas extrinsic drugs are
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
. administered by the oral route.
bg bg bg bg bg
c. Extrinsic drugs can only be applied to the skin or mucous membranes, whereas intrinsic
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
drugs are taken internally. bg bg bg
d Extrinsic drugs require a prescription for administration, whereas intrinsic drugs are
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
. available over-the-counter.
bg bg
ANS: A b g
Intrinsic drugs are the hormones, enzymes, and other chemicals made by the body that
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
change cell activity. Extrinsic drugs are manufactured from chemical, animal, or plant sources
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
and must have a means of entering the body in order to change cell activity.
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding bg bg REF: p. 3 bg
10. A patient asks why his drug to control high blood pressure has only one generic name
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
and two different trade names. What is your best response?
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
a. ―Most drugs have different trade names that indicate different dosages.‖
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
b ―The two different trade names indicate that one is a more pure and safer drug than the
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
. other.‖ bg
c. ―The generic name is the actual official drug name and the trade name is a brand owned
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
by a specific manufacturer.‖
bg bg bg bg
d ―If you have insurance, you can get the trade name drug, which is usually more expensive
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
. than the generic named drug.‖ bg bg bg bg
ANS: C b g
The generic name is the name assigned to the drug by the U.S. Adopted Names Council and is
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
not owned by anyone. The trade name (brand name) is the name provided and owned by a
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
specific drug’s manufacturer. More than one manufacturer can make and sell the same drug at
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
the same time under a different trade name. Regardless of trade name, all drugs that have the
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
same generic name must be alike in their chemical composition and strength.
bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg bg
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying or Higher bg bg bg bg REF: pp. 3-4 bg
