Abdominal Ultrasound, 4th Edition (Elsevier)
Chapter 1-4
Abdominal Ultrasound, 4th Edition (Elsevier)
Chapter 1-4
Abdominal Ultrasound, 4th Edition (Elsevier)
Chapter 1-4
Abdominal Ultrasound, 4th Edition (Elsevier)
Chapter 1-4
,
,Title: Mastering Abdominal Ultrasound Diagnostics: A
Comprehensive Test Bank for "Abdominal Ultrasound, 4th
Edition" by Dr. Michael Anderson
Chapter 1: Optimizing the Diagnostic Information
Question 1: Equipment Optimization in Difficult Patients
Scenario: A 55‐year‐old patient with significant abdominal adiposity is
scheduled for an ultrasound examination of the liver. To optimize image
quality (i.e., improving penetration while balancing resolution), which
adjustment is most appropriate?
A. Increase the probe frequency to enhance resolution. B. Activate
compound imaging to reduce speckle. C. Lower the ultrasound
frequency to improve penetration. D. Increase overall system gain
uniformly.
Correct Answer: C. Lower the ultrasound frequency to improve
penetration.
Rationale: In patients with increased body mass, tissue attenuation is
higher, leading to reduced penetration. Lowering the frequency (while
sacrificing some resolution) enhances beam penetration and diagnostic
capability. Compound imaging (B) is valuable for noise reduction but
does not overcome penetration issues; uniformly increasing gain (D)
may amplify noise.
Question 2: Recognizing and Mitigating Artifacts
Scenario: While scanning the liver, the sonographer encounters a mirror
image artifact that duplicates a portion of the liver image. Which
anatomical structure is most commonly responsible for causing this
artifact?
, A. The gallbladder. B. The diaphragm. C. The anterior abdominal wall.
D. The kidney.
Correct Answer: B. The diaphragm.
Rationale: The diaphragm, due to its highly reflective surface, is a
frequent culprit in creating mirror image artifacts. Recognizing its role
helps the operator adjust scanning angles or settings to mitigate the
artifact.
Chapter 2: Ultrasound of the Liver
Question 3: Sonographic Features of Hepatic Steatosis
Scenario: A 50‐year‐old patient with metabolic syndrome undergoes
liver ultrasound. Which finding is most indicative of fatty liver disease?
A. Reduced hepatic echogenicity with prominent vascular markings. B.
Increased hepatic parenchymal echogenicity with obscured portal vein
borders. C. A solitary, well‐defined hypoechoic lesion within the
parenchyma. D. Uniform intrahepatic echotexture with clear
visualization of the biliary tree.
Correct Answer: B. Increased hepatic parenchymal echogenicity with
obscured portal vein borders.
Rationale: In hepatic steatosis, fat accumulation increases the
echogenicity of the liver parenchyma. This heightened brightness often
obscures deeper structures (e.g., portal triads). Option A is the opposite
of typical findings, while C and D describe focal or normal appearances.
Question 4: Ultrasound Diagnosis of Cirrhosis
Scenario: A 58‐year‐old patient with a long history of alcohol abuse
presents for routine imaging. The liver appears with an irregular, nodular
surface and a coarse, heterogeneous echotexture with areas of segmental
hypertrophy and atrophy. Which ultrasound finding best confirms
cirrhosis?
Chapter 1-4
Abdominal Ultrasound, 4th Edition (Elsevier)
Chapter 1-4
Abdominal Ultrasound, 4th Edition (Elsevier)
Chapter 1-4
Abdominal Ultrasound, 4th Edition (Elsevier)
Chapter 1-4
,
,Title: Mastering Abdominal Ultrasound Diagnostics: A
Comprehensive Test Bank for "Abdominal Ultrasound, 4th
Edition" by Dr. Michael Anderson
Chapter 1: Optimizing the Diagnostic Information
Question 1: Equipment Optimization in Difficult Patients
Scenario: A 55‐year‐old patient with significant abdominal adiposity is
scheduled for an ultrasound examination of the liver. To optimize image
quality (i.e., improving penetration while balancing resolution), which
adjustment is most appropriate?
A. Increase the probe frequency to enhance resolution. B. Activate
compound imaging to reduce speckle. C. Lower the ultrasound
frequency to improve penetration. D. Increase overall system gain
uniformly.
Correct Answer: C. Lower the ultrasound frequency to improve
penetration.
Rationale: In patients with increased body mass, tissue attenuation is
higher, leading to reduced penetration. Lowering the frequency (while
sacrificing some resolution) enhances beam penetration and diagnostic
capability. Compound imaging (B) is valuable for noise reduction but
does not overcome penetration issues; uniformly increasing gain (D)
may amplify noise.
Question 2: Recognizing and Mitigating Artifacts
Scenario: While scanning the liver, the sonographer encounters a mirror
image artifact that duplicates a portion of the liver image. Which
anatomical structure is most commonly responsible for causing this
artifact?
, A. The gallbladder. B. The diaphragm. C. The anterior abdominal wall.
D. The kidney.
Correct Answer: B. The diaphragm.
Rationale: The diaphragm, due to its highly reflective surface, is a
frequent culprit in creating mirror image artifacts. Recognizing its role
helps the operator adjust scanning angles or settings to mitigate the
artifact.
Chapter 2: Ultrasound of the Liver
Question 3: Sonographic Features of Hepatic Steatosis
Scenario: A 50‐year‐old patient with metabolic syndrome undergoes
liver ultrasound. Which finding is most indicative of fatty liver disease?
A. Reduced hepatic echogenicity with prominent vascular markings. B.
Increased hepatic parenchymal echogenicity with obscured portal vein
borders. C. A solitary, well‐defined hypoechoic lesion within the
parenchyma. D. Uniform intrahepatic echotexture with clear
visualization of the biliary tree.
Correct Answer: B. Increased hepatic parenchymal echogenicity with
obscured portal vein borders.
Rationale: In hepatic steatosis, fat accumulation increases the
echogenicity of the liver parenchyma. This heightened brightness often
obscures deeper structures (e.g., portal triads). Option A is the opposite
of typical findings, while C and D describe focal or normal appearances.
Question 4: Ultrasound Diagnosis of Cirrhosis
Scenario: A 58‐year‐old patient with a long history of alcohol abuse
presents for routine imaging. The liver appears with an irregular, nodular
surface and a coarse, heterogeneous echotexture with areas of segmental
hypertrophy and atrophy. Which ultrasound finding best confirms
cirrhosis?
