Genetics Test Bank 2025
The activity of DNA polymerases that remove incorrectly incorporated nucleotides is
called: - CORRECT ANSWERS proofreading repair
AP repair acts on nucleotides that: - CORRECT ANSWERS lost their base
Which of the following chemicals is a base analog? - CORRECT ANSWERS 5-
bromouracil
Over a wide range of X-ray doses, when the radiation dose is increased, the mutation
rate - CORRECT ANSWERS increases linearly
(T to C) or (A to G) mutations are: - CORRECT ANSWERS transition mutations
Base substitutions that create a new stop codon are called: - CORRECT ANSWERS
nonsense mutations
(T to A) or (G to T) mutations are: - CORRECT ANSWERS transversion mutations
Mutations that change the nucleotide sequence without changing the amino acid
sequence are: - CORRECT ANSWERS silent mutations
A test for carcinogens and mutagens that looks for an increased reversion frequency in
a His- strain of bacteria is called the: - CORRECT ANSWERS AMES test
Ultraviolet light primarily damages DNA by: - CORRECT ANSWERS forming pyrimidine
dimers
Which of the following is only found in prokaryotes? - CORRECT ANSWERS
Polycistronic mRNA
Which of the following is true regarding RNA processing? - CORRECT ANSWERS It
occurs in the nucleus
Which of the following features is common to both DNA replication and transcription? -
CORRECT ANSWERS A sugar-phosphate bond is formed between the 3' hydroxyl and
the 5' phosphate
All of the following may result from promoter mutations except: - CORRECT ANSWERS
Mutant RNA polymerase
, Which of the following is characteristic of prokaryotic mRNA? - CORRECT ANSWERS
A short half-life
Introns with primary eukaryotic transcripts: - CORRECT ANSWERS Vary considerably
in size and number among different genes
In eukaryotes, the enzyme responsible for transcribing all protein-coding genes is: -
CORRECT ANSWERS RNA polymerase II
Which of the following is unique to eukaryotes - CORRECT ANSWERS Removal of
introns
In eukaryotes, __________ is used exclusively in producing the transcripts that become
processed into RNA - CORRECT ANSWERS RNA polymerase I
Which of the following features of a protein structure is most directly determined by the
genetic code? - CORRECT ANSWERS Amino acid sequence
Which of the following is unique to prokaryotes? - CORRECT ANSWERS Coupled
trancription-translation
Which of the following is true regarding the machinery of translation? - CORRECT
ANSWERS A single mRNA can be translated simultaneously by several ribosomes
In polypeptide Met-Phe-Leu, which amino acid has a free carboxyl group - CORRECT
ANSWERS Leu
Which of the following mechanisms of gene regulation applies to housekeeping genes?
- CORRECT ANSWERS Constitutive expression
Transcription starts when RNA polymerase binds to the: - CORRECT ANSWERS
Promoter
Which statement best describes the role of the E. Coli RNA polymerase sigma factor? -
CORRECT ANSWERS Sigma factor increases the affinity of RNA polymerase for
promoter sequence
Which of the following is relatively unimportant for the recognition of the promoter by
sigma factor - CORRECT ANSWERS The sequence of the region between the -10
element and the -35 box
For inserts about 250 kb which of the following will be the vector of choice? - CORRECT
ANSWERS BAC
Ribosomes consist of - CORRECT ANSWERS RNA (rRNA) and proteins
The activity of DNA polymerases that remove incorrectly incorporated nucleotides is
called: - CORRECT ANSWERS proofreading repair
AP repair acts on nucleotides that: - CORRECT ANSWERS lost their base
Which of the following chemicals is a base analog? - CORRECT ANSWERS 5-
bromouracil
Over a wide range of X-ray doses, when the radiation dose is increased, the mutation
rate - CORRECT ANSWERS increases linearly
(T to C) or (A to G) mutations are: - CORRECT ANSWERS transition mutations
Base substitutions that create a new stop codon are called: - CORRECT ANSWERS
nonsense mutations
(T to A) or (G to T) mutations are: - CORRECT ANSWERS transversion mutations
Mutations that change the nucleotide sequence without changing the amino acid
sequence are: - CORRECT ANSWERS silent mutations
A test for carcinogens and mutagens that looks for an increased reversion frequency in
a His- strain of bacteria is called the: - CORRECT ANSWERS AMES test
Ultraviolet light primarily damages DNA by: - CORRECT ANSWERS forming pyrimidine
dimers
Which of the following is only found in prokaryotes? - CORRECT ANSWERS
Polycistronic mRNA
Which of the following is true regarding RNA processing? - CORRECT ANSWERS It
occurs in the nucleus
Which of the following features is common to both DNA replication and transcription? -
CORRECT ANSWERS A sugar-phosphate bond is formed between the 3' hydroxyl and
the 5' phosphate
All of the following may result from promoter mutations except: - CORRECT ANSWERS
Mutant RNA polymerase
, Which of the following is characteristic of prokaryotic mRNA? - CORRECT ANSWERS
A short half-life
Introns with primary eukaryotic transcripts: - CORRECT ANSWERS Vary considerably
in size and number among different genes
In eukaryotes, the enzyme responsible for transcribing all protein-coding genes is: -
CORRECT ANSWERS RNA polymerase II
Which of the following is unique to eukaryotes - CORRECT ANSWERS Removal of
introns
In eukaryotes, __________ is used exclusively in producing the transcripts that become
processed into RNA - CORRECT ANSWERS RNA polymerase I
Which of the following features of a protein structure is most directly determined by the
genetic code? - CORRECT ANSWERS Amino acid sequence
Which of the following is unique to prokaryotes? - CORRECT ANSWERS Coupled
trancription-translation
Which of the following is true regarding the machinery of translation? - CORRECT
ANSWERS A single mRNA can be translated simultaneously by several ribosomes
In polypeptide Met-Phe-Leu, which amino acid has a free carboxyl group - CORRECT
ANSWERS Leu
Which of the following mechanisms of gene regulation applies to housekeeping genes?
- CORRECT ANSWERS Constitutive expression
Transcription starts when RNA polymerase binds to the: - CORRECT ANSWERS
Promoter
Which statement best describes the role of the E. Coli RNA polymerase sigma factor? -
CORRECT ANSWERS Sigma factor increases the affinity of RNA polymerase for
promoter sequence
Which of the following is relatively unimportant for the recognition of the promoter by
sigma factor - CORRECT ANSWERS The sequence of the region between the -10
element and the -35 box
For inserts about 250 kb which of the following will be the vector of choice? - CORRECT
ANSWERS BAC
Ribosomes consist of - CORRECT ANSWERS RNA (rRNA) and proteins
