Humanities Clep Test |765
Questions and Answers
Greek Philosophers Before Socrates - -Pre-Socrates
- Pythagoras - -6th Century B.C., a Greek philosopher and mathematician,
founder of a religous movement called Pythagoreanism
- Thales - -"Father of Western Philosophy". Greek philosopher who taught
that the universe had originated from water.
- Parmenides - -a pre-socratic Greek philosopher born in Italy. Denied the
existence of time, plurality, and motion. NO Change. Founder of Metaphysics.
- Heraclitus - -a presocratic Greek philosopher who said that fire is the
origin of all things and that permanence is an illusion as all things are in
perpetual flux (All is change).
- Zeno - -ancient Greek philosopher who formulated paradoxes that
defended the belief that motion and change are illusory (circa 495-430 BC)
- Socrates - -Greek philosopher; socratic method--questioning; sentenced to
death for corrupting Athens youth. Believed writing distorted ideas. His ideas
were recorded by his followers (Plato).
- Atomism - -The idea that matter is made out of atoms
- Atomists - -Leucippus and Democritus
- Plato - -one of Socrates' students; was considered by many to be the
GREATEST philosopher of western civilization. Explained his ideas about
government in a work entitled The Republic. In his ideal state, the people
were divided into three different groups.
- Aristotle - -Greek philosopher. A pupil of Plato, the tutor of Alexander the
Great, and the author of works on logic, metaphysics, ethics, natural
sciences, politics, and poetics, he profoundly influenced Western thought. In
his philosophical system, which led him to criticize what he saw as Plato's
metaphysical excesses, theory follows empirical observation and logic, based
on the syllogism, is the essential method of rational inquiry.
, - pop art - -an artistic movement that emerged in the early 1960s; pop
artists took images from popular culture and transformed them into works of
fine art
- mosaics - -patterns or pictures made by embedding small pieces of stone
or glass in cement on surfaces such as walls and floors
- sculpture - -three dimensional work of art, statue
- bust - -a sculpture of the head and shoulders of a person
- obelisk - -tall, 4 sided pillar of stone that rises to a point
- multi-media - -using two or more types of media together to create an art
object such as glitter or beads on a painting
- louise nevelson - -assembled architectural sculptures of "found" wooden
objects and used them to construct screens of boxes of varied sizes which
she painted in monochromatic colors.
- constantin brancusi - -(1876) 19th-20th c. Romanian sculptor known for
highly simplified archetypical human and animal forms (The Kiss; Bird in
Space)
- cellini - -goldsmith and sculptor, wrote one of the first autobiographies
- barbara hepworth - -British abstract sculptor
- michelangelo - -Italian Renaissance artist that painted the Sistine Chapel
ceiling and sculpted the statue of David.
- henry moore - -abstract sculptor who used rounding techniques and very
little detail
- alexander calder - -United States sculptor who first created mobiles and
stabiles (1898-1976)
- hagia sophia - -Most famous example of Byzantine architecture, it was
built under Justinian I and is considered one of the most perfect buildings in
the world. Constructed of interlocking domes.
- gothic age architecture - -stained glass, pointed arches and ribbed
vaulting
- Andrea Palladio - -architect who like a statue at every corner
,- Le Corbusier - -French 20th century architect
- Christopher Wren - -architect refurbished St. Paul's Cathedral
- Mies van der Rohe - -United States architect (born in Germany) who built
unornamented steel frame and glass skyscrapers (1886-1969)
- Frank Lloyd Wright - -Considered America's greatest architect. Pioneered
the concept that a building should blend into and harmonize with its
surroundings rather than following classical designs.
- flying buttress - -a brace or support placed on the outside of a building
- fresco - -paint onto wet plaster on a wall
- tempura - -a technique of painting using pigment mixed with egg yolk
- gouche - -Opaque watercolor
- pieta - -A painting, drawing, or sculpture of Mary, the Mother of Jesus,
holding the dead body of Jesus. The word means "pity" in Italian.
- renaissance - -rebirth
- mannerism - -a style of art in the mid to late 16th century that permitted
artists to express their own "manner" or feelings in contrast to the symmetry
and simplicity of the art of the High Renaissance.
- neo-classic period - -refers to the classical revival in European art,
architecture, and interior design that lasted from the mid-eighteenth to the
early nineteenth century
- french female pose - -subject is lying down away from the artist and
looking over her shoulder
- dada school - -school of nonsense and anti-art
- Giotto - -Frescoe painter, founded flourentine school, realisitc poses
- Donatello - -Italian sculptor renowned as a pioneer of the Renaissance
style with his natural, lifelike figures, such as the bronze statue David.
- Da Vinci - -painter, sculpter, architect, engineer, musician; invented the
court painter of the king of France; "Mona Lisa," "The Last Supper"(classical),
"Vitruvian Man"(anatomy)
, - El Greco - -Mannerism painter
- Rembrandt - -He used light and shadows to convey moods and emotions-
Painted the Blinding of Samson
- Peter Paul Rubens - -Flemish Baroque painter who had assistants complete
parts of his work
- Vermeer - -A Dutch painter who used a great deal of light. He enjoyed
painting people doing everyday things.
- Jean Fragonard - -Painted "The Bathers"
- Delacroix - -Most important of the French Romantic painters; profoundly
shaped the work of the Impressionists.
- Monet - -French impressionist painter
- Renoir - -French impressionist painter; nude female paintings
- Degas - -French Painter, Impressionism, did horses and ballet dancers
- Seurat - -French Painter, Post impressionism, pointellism (using several
small dots of color to create a larger image)Sunday Afternoon on the island
of La Grande Jatte
- Aubrey Beardsley - -Famous for black and white erotic paintings
- Gilbert Stuart - -United States painter best known for his portraits of
George Washington
- Picasso - -A Spanish painter best known for co-founding the Cubist
movement and for the wide variety of styles embodied in his work.
"Guernica"
- Remington - -protrayed the west by painting cowhands and natives
- Salvador Dali - -Spanish surrealist painter
- Joan Miro - -Spanish surrealist painter
- Andrew Wyeth - -American realist painter, "Christina's World"
- Persian Rugs - -high quality rugs made by Persian Muslims, valued for
their exquisite designs, vivid colors and skillful make. These rugs were in
Questions and Answers
Greek Philosophers Before Socrates - -Pre-Socrates
- Pythagoras - -6th Century B.C., a Greek philosopher and mathematician,
founder of a religous movement called Pythagoreanism
- Thales - -"Father of Western Philosophy". Greek philosopher who taught
that the universe had originated from water.
- Parmenides - -a pre-socratic Greek philosopher born in Italy. Denied the
existence of time, plurality, and motion. NO Change. Founder of Metaphysics.
- Heraclitus - -a presocratic Greek philosopher who said that fire is the
origin of all things and that permanence is an illusion as all things are in
perpetual flux (All is change).
- Zeno - -ancient Greek philosopher who formulated paradoxes that
defended the belief that motion and change are illusory (circa 495-430 BC)
- Socrates - -Greek philosopher; socratic method--questioning; sentenced to
death for corrupting Athens youth. Believed writing distorted ideas. His ideas
were recorded by his followers (Plato).
- Atomism - -The idea that matter is made out of atoms
- Atomists - -Leucippus and Democritus
- Plato - -one of Socrates' students; was considered by many to be the
GREATEST philosopher of western civilization. Explained his ideas about
government in a work entitled The Republic. In his ideal state, the people
were divided into three different groups.
- Aristotle - -Greek philosopher. A pupil of Plato, the tutor of Alexander the
Great, and the author of works on logic, metaphysics, ethics, natural
sciences, politics, and poetics, he profoundly influenced Western thought. In
his philosophical system, which led him to criticize what he saw as Plato's
metaphysical excesses, theory follows empirical observation and logic, based
on the syllogism, is the essential method of rational inquiry.
, - pop art - -an artistic movement that emerged in the early 1960s; pop
artists took images from popular culture and transformed them into works of
fine art
- mosaics - -patterns or pictures made by embedding small pieces of stone
or glass in cement on surfaces such as walls and floors
- sculpture - -three dimensional work of art, statue
- bust - -a sculpture of the head and shoulders of a person
- obelisk - -tall, 4 sided pillar of stone that rises to a point
- multi-media - -using two or more types of media together to create an art
object such as glitter or beads on a painting
- louise nevelson - -assembled architectural sculptures of "found" wooden
objects and used them to construct screens of boxes of varied sizes which
she painted in monochromatic colors.
- constantin brancusi - -(1876) 19th-20th c. Romanian sculptor known for
highly simplified archetypical human and animal forms (The Kiss; Bird in
Space)
- cellini - -goldsmith and sculptor, wrote one of the first autobiographies
- barbara hepworth - -British abstract sculptor
- michelangelo - -Italian Renaissance artist that painted the Sistine Chapel
ceiling and sculpted the statue of David.
- henry moore - -abstract sculptor who used rounding techniques and very
little detail
- alexander calder - -United States sculptor who first created mobiles and
stabiles (1898-1976)
- hagia sophia - -Most famous example of Byzantine architecture, it was
built under Justinian I and is considered one of the most perfect buildings in
the world. Constructed of interlocking domes.
- gothic age architecture - -stained glass, pointed arches and ribbed
vaulting
- Andrea Palladio - -architect who like a statue at every corner
,- Le Corbusier - -French 20th century architect
- Christopher Wren - -architect refurbished St. Paul's Cathedral
- Mies van der Rohe - -United States architect (born in Germany) who built
unornamented steel frame and glass skyscrapers (1886-1969)
- Frank Lloyd Wright - -Considered America's greatest architect. Pioneered
the concept that a building should blend into and harmonize with its
surroundings rather than following classical designs.
- flying buttress - -a brace or support placed on the outside of a building
- fresco - -paint onto wet plaster on a wall
- tempura - -a technique of painting using pigment mixed with egg yolk
- gouche - -Opaque watercolor
- pieta - -A painting, drawing, or sculpture of Mary, the Mother of Jesus,
holding the dead body of Jesus. The word means "pity" in Italian.
- renaissance - -rebirth
- mannerism - -a style of art in the mid to late 16th century that permitted
artists to express their own "manner" or feelings in contrast to the symmetry
and simplicity of the art of the High Renaissance.
- neo-classic period - -refers to the classical revival in European art,
architecture, and interior design that lasted from the mid-eighteenth to the
early nineteenth century
- french female pose - -subject is lying down away from the artist and
looking over her shoulder
- dada school - -school of nonsense and anti-art
- Giotto - -Frescoe painter, founded flourentine school, realisitc poses
- Donatello - -Italian sculptor renowned as a pioneer of the Renaissance
style with his natural, lifelike figures, such as the bronze statue David.
- Da Vinci - -painter, sculpter, architect, engineer, musician; invented the
court painter of the king of France; "Mona Lisa," "The Last Supper"(classical),
"Vitruvian Man"(anatomy)
, - El Greco - -Mannerism painter
- Rembrandt - -He used light and shadows to convey moods and emotions-
Painted the Blinding of Samson
- Peter Paul Rubens - -Flemish Baroque painter who had assistants complete
parts of his work
- Vermeer - -A Dutch painter who used a great deal of light. He enjoyed
painting people doing everyday things.
- Jean Fragonard - -Painted "The Bathers"
- Delacroix - -Most important of the French Romantic painters; profoundly
shaped the work of the Impressionists.
- Monet - -French impressionist painter
- Renoir - -French impressionist painter; nude female paintings
- Degas - -French Painter, Impressionism, did horses and ballet dancers
- Seurat - -French Painter, Post impressionism, pointellism (using several
small dots of color to create a larger image)Sunday Afternoon on the island
of La Grande Jatte
- Aubrey Beardsley - -Famous for black and white erotic paintings
- Gilbert Stuart - -United States painter best known for his portraits of
George Washington
- Picasso - -A Spanish painter best known for co-founding the Cubist
movement and for the wide variety of styles embodied in his work.
"Guernica"
- Remington - -protrayed the west by painting cowhands and natives
- Salvador Dali - -Spanish surrealist painter
- Joan Miro - -Spanish surrealist painter
- Andrew Wyeth - -American realist painter, "Christina's World"
- Persian Rugs - -high quality rugs made by Persian Muslims, valued for
their exquisite designs, vivid colors and skillful make. These rugs were in
