TEST BANK for Advanced Physiology and Pathophysiology: essentials for clinical practice 1st edition by Nancy Tkacs, Linda Herrmann, Randall Johnson. ISBN:978-0826177070 WITH 100& COMPLETE GUIDE A+ GRADE WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS!!! LATEST UPDATE!!!

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Test ivBankiv Advancediv Physiology ivandiv Pathophysiology ivEssentials iv foriv Clinicaliv Practiceiv 1st iv Editioniv Tka 1
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Advanced Physiology and Pathophysiology Essentials for Clinic
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al Practice 1st Edition Tkacs
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Chapter 1. THE FOUNDATIONAL CONCEPTS OF CLINICALPRACTICE
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1. The characteristic, localized cardinal signs of acute inflammation include:
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A) fever.

B) fatigue.

C) redness.

D) granuloma.


2.
The vascular, hemodynamic stage of acute inflammation is initiated by m
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omentary vasoconstriction followed by vasodilation that causes localized:
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A) bleeding.

B) congestion.

C) pale skin. iv




D) coolness.


3.
The cellular stage of acute inflammation is marked by the movement of
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leukocytes into the area. Which of the following cells arrives early in grea
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t numbers?
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A) Basophils

B) Lymphocytes

C) Neutrophils

D) Platelets

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Test ivBankivAdvancedivPhysiology ivandivPathophysiology ivEssentials iv foriv Clinicaliv Practiceiv 1st iv Editioniv Tkac 2
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4.
The phagocytosis process involves three distinct steps. What is the init
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ial step in the process?
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A) Engulfment

B) Intracellular killing iv




C) Antigen margination iv




D) Recognition and adherence iv iv




5.
Which of the following mediators of inflammation causes increased capilla
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ry permeability and pain?
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A) Serotonin

B) Histamine

C) Bradykinin

D) Nitric oxide iv




6.
Inflammatory exudates are a combination of several types. Which of t
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he following exudates is composed of enmeshed necrotic cells?
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A) Serous

B) Fibrinous

C) Suppurative
D) Membranous


7. The acute-
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phase systemic response usually begins within hours of the onset of inflam
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mation and includes:iv iv




A) fever and lethargy.
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B) decreased C-reactive protein. iv iv




C) positive nitrogen balance. iv iv




D) low erythrocyte sedimentation rate.
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8.
In contrast to acute inflammation, chronic inflammation is characterized
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by which of the following phenomena?
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Test ivBankivAdvancedivPhysiology ivandivPathophysiology ivEssentials iv foriv Clinicaliv Practiceiv 1st iv Editioniv Tkac 3
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A) Profuse fibrinous exudation iv iv




B) A shift to the left of granulocytes
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C) Metabolic and respiratory alkalosis iv iv iv




D) Lymphocytosis and activated macrophages iv iv iv




9. Exogenous pyrogens (interleukin- iv iv



1) and the presence of bacteria in the blood lead to the release of endogenou
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s pyrogens that:
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A) stabilize thermal control in the brain.
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B) produce leukocytosis and anorexia. iv iv iv




C) block viral replication in cells.
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D) inhibit prostaglandin release.
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10 An older adult patient has just sheared the skin on her elbow while attempted
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to boost herself up in bed, an event that has precipitated acute inflammati
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on in the region surrounding the wound. Which of the following events wil
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l occur during the vascular stage of the patients inflammation?
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A) Outpouring of exudate into interstitial spaces iv iv iv iv iv




B) Chemotaxis

C) Accumulation of leukocytes along the epithelium iv iv iv iv iv




D) Phagocytosis of cellular debris iv iv iv




11 Which of the following individuals most likely has the highest risk of
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. experiencing chronic inflammation? iv iv




A) A patient who has recently been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes
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B) A patient who is a carrier of an antibiotic-resistant organism
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C) A patient who is taking oral antibiotics for an upper respiratory infection
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D) A patient who is morbidly obese and who has a sedentary lifestyle
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12 Which of the following core body temperatures is within normal range?
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.

A) 35.9C (96.6F) iv

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Test ivBankivAdvancedivPhysiology ivandivPathophysiology ivEssentials iv foriv Clinicaliv Practiceiv 1st iv Editioniv Tkac 4
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B) 38.0C (100.4F) iv




C) 35.5C (95.9F) iv




D) 37.3C (99.1F) iv




13 A postsurgical patient who is recovering in the postanesthetic recovery unit
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states that she is freezing cold. Which of the following measures is likely
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v to be initiated in the patients hypothalamus in an effort to reduce heat loss?
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A) Opening of arteriovenous (AV) shunts iv iv iv iv




B) Reduced exhalation of warmed air iv iv iv iv




C) Contraction of pilomotor muscles iv iv iv




D) Decreased urine production iv iv




14 An elderly patient is dressed only in a hospital gown and complains of a
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.
draft in her room. Consequently, she has requested a warm blanket while s
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he sits in her wheelchair. Which of the following mechanisms of heat loss is
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most likely the primary cause of her request?
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A) Evaporation and conduction iv iv




B) Radiation and convection iv iv




C) Conduction and convection iv iv




D) Convection and evaporation iv iv




15 Which of the following pathophysiologic processes are capable of inducing
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. the production of pyrogens? Select all that apply.
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A) Acute inflammation iv




B) Obesity

C) Myocardial infarction iv




D) Malignancy

E) Renal failure iv




16 Which of the following patients is most likely to be susceptible to
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. developing a neurogenic fever? iv iv iv