BMP, Calcium, Magnesium, GFR, Cr
Clearance Exam Questions And Answers
Latest 2025
BMP -
correct answer ✅Basic Metabolic Panel
- multiple chemistry tests are grouped as a single profile for ease of
ordering since this group of tests are often all medically necessary
- includes electrolytes & tests of kidney function
BMP Includes: -
correct answer ✅- Sodium (Na)
- Potassium (K)
- Chloride (Cl)
- Bicarb (HCO3)
- Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN)
- Serum Creatinine (Cr)
- Serum glucose (Glu)
- Total Calcium (Calcium)
Normal Sodium -
correct answer ✅135-145 mEq/L or mmol/L
,BMP, Calcium, Magnesium, GFR, Cr
Clearance Exam Questions And Answers
Latest 2025
Critical Sodium -
correct answer ✅<120 or >160
Sodium in the Body -
correct answer ✅- Major cation in the extracellular space
- Responsible for extracellular osmolality
- Not much difference in Na levels for different ages
- Most Na will be in the blood stream instead of in cells
Sodium Balance -
correct answer ✅- Aldosterone conserves Na by stimulating
kidneys to reabsorb it
- Natriuretic hormone decreases renal absorption of Na & is
stimulated by high Na levels
- Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) controls H20 reabsorption in the
distal tubules affecting Na levels by dilution or concentration
If the patient is receiving IVFs, what side do you draw blood from? -
correct answer ✅The opposite side
,BMP, Calcium, Magnesium, GFR, Cr
Clearance Exam Questions And Answers
Latest 2025
Use red or green tube top
Hyponatremia -
correct answer ✅Low Na in Blood Caused by:
- Decreased Na intake
- Deficient dietary intake or Na in IVFs
- Increased Na loss
- Addison's disease
- Diarrhea, vomiting
- Intraluminal bowel loss
- Diuretics
- Chronic renal insufficiency
- Increased free body water
- Excessive oral water intake
- Hyperglycemia
- CHF
- Ascites
- Peripheral edema
, BMP, Calcium, Magnesium, GFR, Cr
Clearance Exam Questions And Answers
Latest 2025
- SIADH (too much ADH)
How does an intraluminal bowel loss cause hyponatremia? -
correct answer ✅An obstruction in the bowel causes fluid to fill up
and pulls Na out of cells b/c Na follows water
How does hyperglycemia cause hyponatremia? -
correct answer ✅Diluting glucose also dilutes Na
Hypernatremia -
correct answer ✅High Na in Blood Caused by:
- Increased Na Intake
- Increased dietary intake, excessive Na in IVFs
- Decreased Na Loss
- Cushing's Syndrome (too much steroid)
- Hyperaldosteronism
- Excessive free body water loss
- GI Loss
- Excessive sweating
Clearance Exam Questions And Answers
Latest 2025
BMP -
correct answer ✅Basic Metabolic Panel
- multiple chemistry tests are grouped as a single profile for ease of
ordering since this group of tests are often all medically necessary
- includes electrolytes & tests of kidney function
BMP Includes: -
correct answer ✅- Sodium (Na)
- Potassium (K)
- Chloride (Cl)
- Bicarb (HCO3)
- Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN)
- Serum Creatinine (Cr)
- Serum glucose (Glu)
- Total Calcium (Calcium)
Normal Sodium -
correct answer ✅135-145 mEq/L or mmol/L
,BMP, Calcium, Magnesium, GFR, Cr
Clearance Exam Questions And Answers
Latest 2025
Critical Sodium -
correct answer ✅<120 or >160
Sodium in the Body -
correct answer ✅- Major cation in the extracellular space
- Responsible for extracellular osmolality
- Not much difference in Na levels for different ages
- Most Na will be in the blood stream instead of in cells
Sodium Balance -
correct answer ✅- Aldosterone conserves Na by stimulating
kidneys to reabsorb it
- Natriuretic hormone decreases renal absorption of Na & is
stimulated by high Na levels
- Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) controls H20 reabsorption in the
distal tubules affecting Na levels by dilution or concentration
If the patient is receiving IVFs, what side do you draw blood from? -
correct answer ✅The opposite side
,BMP, Calcium, Magnesium, GFR, Cr
Clearance Exam Questions And Answers
Latest 2025
Use red or green tube top
Hyponatremia -
correct answer ✅Low Na in Blood Caused by:
- Decreased Na intake
- Deficient dietary intake or Na in IVFs
- Increased Na loss
- Addison's disease
- Diarrhea, vomiting
- Intraluminal bowel loss
- Diuretics
- Chronic renal insufficiency
- Increased free body water
- Excessive oral water intake
- Hyperglycemia
- CHF
- Ascites
- Peripheral edema
, BMP, Calcium, Magnesium, GFR, Cr
Clearance Exam Questions And Answers
Latest 2025
- SIADH (too much ADH)
How does an intraluminal bowel loss cause hyponatremia? -
correct answer ✅An obstruction in the bowel causes fluid to fill up
and pulls Na out of cells b/c Na follows water
How does hyperglycemia cause hyponatremia? -
correct answer ✅Diluting glucose also dilutes Na
Hypernatremia -
correct answer ✅High Na in Blood Caused by:
- Increased Na Intake
- Increased dietary intake, excessive Na in IVFs
- Decreased Na Loss
- Cushing's Syndrome (too much steroid)
- Hyperaldosteronism
- Excessive free body water loss
- GI Loss
- Excessive sweating
