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TRUE or FALSE? All random number generators perform pretty much the same.
False In fact, one of the reasons that you're taking this course is to help you learn the
differences between good and bad generators.
Suppose customers to a barber shop show up at times 4 and 11. Moreover, suppose that it
takes the barber 12 minutes to serve customer 1 and then 14 minutes to serve customer 2.
When does customer 2 leave the barber?
,30 Since customer 2's service starts only when customer 1 leaves, which happens at time 4 +
12 = 16.
Suppose we are using the (terrible) pseudo-random number generator X i = ( 5 X i − 1 + 3 )
m o d ( 8 ) with starting value ("seed") X 0 = 1. Find the second PRN, U 2 = X 2 / m = X 2 /
8.
3/8
Suppose that we generate a pseudo-random number U = 0.728. Use this to generate an
Exponential ( λ = 3 ) random variate.
0.106 -(1/lambda)ln(U)
TRUE or FALSE? Simulation outputs such as consecutive customer waiting times are almost
always independent and identically distributed normal random variables.
False outputs are almost neveri.i.d
Let's simulate a bank that closes at 4:30 p.m. What kind of simulation approach would you
take?
Terminating Simulation
What are some characteristics of simulation models?
1. Discrete (vs. continuous)
2. Stochastic (vs. deterministic)
3. Dynamic (vs. static)
What is simulation?
Simulation is the imitation of a real-world process of system over time.
Simulation involves the generation of an artificial history to draw inferences concerning the
operating characteristics of the real system that is represented.
What is simulation good for?
1. Describe / analyze real or conceptual system behavior.
2. Ask "what if" questions.
3. Aid in system design and optimization
4. Can simulate almost anything
We are interested in modeling the arrival and service process at the local McBurger Queen
burger joint. Customers come in every once in a while, stand in line, eventually get served,
, and off they go. Generally speaking, what kind of model are we talking about here? (More
than one answer below may be right.)
Discrete (because events such as arrivals and service completions only happen once in a
while, as opposed to continuously) and Stochastic (because customer arrival times, service
times, shift changes, etc., are all random)
Which of the following can be regarded as advantages of simulation? (More than one answer
below may be right.)
Simulation enables you to study models too complicated for analytical or numerical
treatment.
Simulations can serve as very pretty demos.
Simulation can be used to study detailed relations that might be lost in an analytical or
numerical treatment.
Who is William Gosset?
He invented the t distribution that is used ubiquitously in statistics.
YES or NO? Has anyone closely related to the field of computer simulation ever won a Nobel
Prize?
Yes Harry Markowitz won the 1990 Nobel Prize in Economics for his work in the field of
portfolio optimization. He is highly regarded in the simulation community for his conception
and development of the general-purpose simulation language SIMSCRIPT.
Which of the following are areas where simulation has found substantial application? (More
than one answer below may be correct.)
Inventory and Supply Chain Analysis
Financial Analysis
Manufacturing
Health Systems
Transportation Systems
Why might simulation be a good tool to analyze supply chains? (More than one answer
below may be correct.)
Supply chains often have complicated network structures, making exact analysis difficult.
Supply chains are stochastic systems, with random travel times, lead times, and order
patterns.