ACSM's Resources for the Personal Trainer Physiologist A Practical Guide for the Health Fitness Professional, 2nd Edition Test Bank

ACSM's Resources for the Personal Trainer Physiologist A Practical
Guide for the Health Fitness Professional, 2nd Edition Test Bank




ACSM's Resources for the Personal
Trainer Physiologist A Practical Guide
for the Health Fitness Professional, 2nd
Edition Test Bank



kinesiology - CORRECT ANSWER-- the study of the mechanics of human
movement

- specifically evaluates muscles, joints, and skeletal structures and their
involvement in movement

- primarily based on three fields of science - biomechanics, musculoskeletal
anatomy, and neuromuscular physiology

- involves the study of gait, posture and body alignment, ergonomics,
sports and exercise movements, and activities of daily living and work

anatomical position - CORRECT ANSWER-- the universally accepted
reference position used to describe regions and spatial relationships of the
human body and to refer to body positions

- the body is erect with feet together and the upper limbs positioned at the
sides, palms of the hands facing forward, thumbs facing away from the
body, and fingers extended

planes of motion - CORRECT ANSWER-the planes of movement in which
the human body moves, which includes the sagittal, frontal, and transverse
planes

, ACSM's Resources for the Personal Trainer Physiologist A Practical
Guide for the Health Fitness Professional, 2nd Edition Test Bank




sagittal plane - CORRECT ANSWER-divides the body or structure into the
right and left portions

frontal (coronal) plane - CORRECT ANSWER-divides the body or structure
into anterior and posterior portions

transverse (Cross-sectional, axial, or horizontal) plane - CORRECT
ANSWER-divides the body or structure into superior and inferior portions

center of gravity - CORRECT ANSWER-- a theoretical point where the
weight force of the object can be considered to act

- changes with movement and depends on body position

- when in anatomical position, is approximately at the second sacral
segment

- the kinematics (variation in height and horizontal distance) relative to the
base of support is often studied to examine balance exhibited by the
performer

line of gravity - CORRECT ANSWER-- an imaginary vertical line passing
through the center of gravity and is typically assessed while the subject is
standing

- helps define proper body alignment and posture, using various superficial
landmarks from the head, upper extremity, trunk, and lower extremity
regions as guides

- in sagittal vie, should be slightly posterior to the apex of the coronal
suture, through the mastoid process, through the midcervical vertebral
bodies, through the shoulder joint, through the midlumbar vertebral bodies,
slightly posterior to the axis of the hip joint, slightly anterior to the axis of
the knee joint, and slightly anterior to the lateral malleolus

, ACSM's Resources for the Personal Trainer Physiologist A Practical
Guide for the Health Fitness Professional, 2nd Edition Test Bank



- from the frontal view, should pass through the midline of the body, and
bilateral structures such as the mastoids, shoulders, iliac crests, knees, and
ankles should be in the same frontal plane

anterior - CORRECT ANSWER-the front of the body; ventral

posterior - CORRECT ANSWER-the back of the body; dorsal

superficial - CORRECT ANSWER-located close to or on the body surface
lateral flexion (right or left) - CORRECT ANSWER-movement away from
the midline of the body in the frontal plane, usually used to describe neck
and trunk movement

rotation (right or left) - CORRECT ANSWER-right or left rotation in the
transverse plane, usually used to describe neck and trunk movement

elevation - CORRECT ANSWER-movement of the scapula superiorly in the
frontal plane

depression - CORRECT ANSWER-movement of the scapula inferiorly in
the frontal plane

retraction - CORRECT ANSWER-movement of the scapula toward the spin
in the frontal plane

protraction - CORRECT ANSWER-movement of the scapula away from the
spine in the frontal plane

upward rotation - CORRECT ANSWER-superior and lateral movement of
the inferior angle of the scapula in the frontal plane


deep - CORRECT ANSWER-below the surface

proximal - CORRECT ANSWER-closer to any reference point