BIOD 210 (Biology) EXAM 1 QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS RATED A.
What is Microbiology?
the study of microbes (microorganisms and viruses) and their biological
processes
What is the smallest biological unit of life?
A cell
What is a macromolecule?
a complex molecule that is composed from smaller subunits (monomers)
What are the four main types of macromolecules?
proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, carbohydrates
What various functions do proteins have in a cell?
Proteins may facilitate the movement of materials in or out of a cell. Some can
act as enzymes that catalyze, or speed up, biochemical processes. Others
play a structural role while other proteins, such as filaments, enable movement.
What are the 2 major types of nucleic acids?
- DNA
-RNA
What is the function of DNA?
contains a vast amount of hereditary information and is responsible for the
inheritable characteristics of living organisms
What is the function of RNA?
Deciphering the hereditary information in DNA and using it to synthesize
proteins.
,DNA
deoxyribonucleic acid
RNA
ribonucleic acid
Nucleic Acids
chemical molecules that carry genetic information within the cell
What is the plasma membrane?
a surrounding barrier that separated the inside of the cell from the outside
surrounding environment. It also restricts the movement of materials (water,
nutrients. etc) either in to out the cell. This allows the cells to absorb nutrients
needed.
What is the plasma membrane made of?
lipids (hydrophobic hydrocarbons)
What are the main components of carbohydrates?
- carbon
- hydrogen
- oxygen
examples of carbohydrates
-glucose (c6h1206)
- Sucrose (c12h22011)
- cellulose (c6h10o5)
Primary difference between prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells?
- Nucleus
Main morphologies of bacteria (prokaryotic)
- Coccus
- Bacilus
, - Spirillum
- Vibrio
Cocci
round, spherical bacteria
bacili
Rod shaped bacteria
Vibrio
curved rod bacteria
Spirillum
spiral/corkscrew shaped bacteria
Which group (classification) of microbes is noted for its ability to survive
under harsh conditions?
Archaea (extremaphites)
What are the 4 main classification of Eukarya?
- Animalia
- Plantae
- Fungi
- Protista
Are viruses prokaryotic or eukaryotic?
Neither, they are acellular/not living
a. Name the three parts of a nucleic acid nucleotide.
b. What are the particular types of each of these that are found in DNA and
what are the corresponding types that are found in RNA?
a. sugar, phosphate group, nitrogenous base
b. DNA- deoxyribose- phosphate group- adenine, guanine, cytosine, thymine
AND ANSWERS RATED A.
What is Microbiology?
the study of microbes (microorganisms and viruses) and their biological
processes
What is the smallest biological unit of life?
A cell
What is a macromolecule?
a complex molecule that is composed from smaller subunits (monomers)
What are the four main types of macromolecules?
proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, carbohydrates
What various functions do proteins have in a cell?
Proteins may facilitate the movement of materials in or out of a cell. Some can
act as enzymes that catalyze, or speed up, biochemical processes. Others
play a structural role while other proteins, such as filaments, enable movement.
What are the 2 major types of nucleic acids?
- DNA
-RNA
What is the function of DNA?
contains a vast amount of hereditary information and is responsible for the
inheritable characteristics of living organisms
What is the function of RNA?
Deciphering the hereditary information in DNA and using it to synthesize
proteins.
,DNA
deoxyribonucleic acid
RNA
ribonucleic acid
Nucleic Acids
chemical molecules that carry genetic information within the cell
What is the plasma membrane?
a surrounding barrier that separated the inside of the cell from the outside
surrounding environment. It also restricts the movement of materials (water,
nutrients. etc) either in to out the cell. This allows the cells to absorb nutrients
needed.
What is the plasma membrane made of?
lipids (hydrophobic hydrocarbons)
What are the main components of carbohydrates?
- carbon
- hydrogen
- oxygen
examples of carbohydrates
-glucose (c6h1206)
- Sucrose (c12h22011)
- cellulose (c6h10o5)
Primary difference between prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells?
- Nucleus
Main morphologies of bacteria (prokaryotic)
- Coccus
- Bacilus
, - Spirillum
- Vibrio
Cocci
round, spherical bacteria
bacili
Rod shaped bacteria
Vibrio
curved rod bacteria
Spirillum
spiral/corkscrew shaped bacteria
Which group (classification) of microbes is noted for its ability to survive
under harsh conditions?
Archaea (extremaphites)
What are the 4 main classification of Eukarya?
- Animalia
- Plantae
- Fungi
- Protista
Are viruses prokaryotic or eukaryotic?
Neither, they are acellular/not living
a. Name the three parts of a nucleic acid nucleotide.
b. What are the particular types of each of these that are found in DNA and
what are the corresponding types that are found in RNA?
a. sugar, phosphate group, nitrogenous base
b. DNA- deoxyribose- phosphate group- adenine, guanine, cytosine, thymine
