portage a&P exam 1
Anatomy
focuses on the structure of the body and how it is designed
Physiology
looks at how the body functions. The physiology of the body depends on the
anatomy of the body.
The physiology of how the organs function depends on the structure of the
bones, which are hard structures made of mineral deposits that protect the
organs from damage
Levels of organization
atom
molecule, macromolecule, organelle
cell
tissue
organ
organ system
organism
AMMO C TOOO
Chemical level -> organism
atoms (chemical level) which are the smallest building blocks of matter combine
to form molecules, which then combine to form macromolecules (such as
proteins and nucleic acids).
,Macromolecules combine to form organelles (working structures) inside of each
human cell. Examples of organelles are the nucleus and mitochondria of the cell.
The cells are the smallest units of living organisms and comprise the cellular
level of structural organization. There are many different types of cells in the body
that perform various functions; together, they form the tissue level.
Tissues are groups of cells that perform a common function.
Together the tissues make up the organ . Organs work together to form organ
systems.
Organ systems make up the organism
AMMO C TOOO
Tissues
groups of cells that perform a common function.
4 basic tissue types in the human body
epithelial,
muscular,
connective,
nervous
epithelial tissue
covers the body surface and lines the cavities of the body.
The cells that make up _____ tissue are specialized for tasks such as secretion
and absorption.
The structure of _________ tissue contains closely packed cells with very little
matrix (layer outside the cells).
,_______ tissue can be found as one layer or in many layers.
These cells are under constant cell division to replace dead cells that shed away.
muscle tissue
_______ tissue enables us to move
The cells that make up _____ tissue are specialized for muscle contraction.
connective tissue
_______ Tissue offers support, give strucure and protection of body organs and
includes bones, tendons, blood, and ligaments
______ tissue cells are specialized to bind tissues together and play a supportive
role.
nervous tissue
_____ tissue responsible for the communication between the cells of the body by
forming a system of electrical impulses that communicate very rapidly. Nerves
are like the "wiring" of the body.
integumentary system
The skin
Skin is made up of the:
epidermis (outer top layer),
dermis (middle layer), and the
, hypodermis (inner, also called subcutaneous tissue layer). The hypodermis is a
layer made mostly of fat that helps anchor the dermis to a layer of fat cells.
Adipocytes (fat cells) help to insulate and regulate body temperature.
Skin forms the external body covering and protects the deeper tissues from
injury.
The integumentary system produces vitamin D and contains the pain receptors
and pressure receptors used in our protection.
Our skin plays an important role in protecting our internal organs from extreme
temperature changes.
Sweat glands and oil glands can also be found here. If the integumentary system
is damaged and microbes or chemicals make their way into the body, it is the
lymphatic system that is responsible for mounting the attack to defend our
internal environment.
Integumentary system includes :
Skin
Hair,
oil glands
sensory glands
Epidermis
Outer layer of skin
Dermis
middle layer of skin
Hypodermis (subcutaneous layer)
Inner layer of skin
Anatomy
focuses on the structure of the body and how it is designed
Physiology
looks at how the body functions. The physiology of the body depends on the
anatomy of the body.
The physiology of how the organs function depends on the structure of the
bones, which are hard structures made of mineral deposits that protect the
organs from damage
Levels of organization
atom
molecule, macromolecule, organelle
cell
tissue
organ
organ system
organism
AMMO C TOOO
Chemical level -> organism
atoms (chemical level) which are the smallest building blocks of matter combine
to form molecules, which then combine to form macromolecules (such as
proteins and nucleic acids).
,Macromolecules combine to form organelles (working structures) inside of each
human cell. Examples of organelles are the nucleus and mitochondria of the cell.
The cells are the smallest units of living organisms and comprise the cellular
level of structural organization. There are many different types of cells in the body
that perform various functions; together, they form the tissue level.
Tissues are groups of cells that perform a common function.
Together the tissues make up the organ . Organs work together to form organ
systems.
Organ systems make up the organism
AMMO C TOOO
Tissues
groups of cells that perform a common function.
4 basic tissue types in the human body
epithelial,
muscular,
connective,
nervous
epithelial tissue
covers the body surface and lines the cavities of the body.
The cells that make up _____ tissue are specialized for tasks such as secretion
and absorption.
The structure of _________ tissue contains closely packed cells with very little
matrix (layer outside the cells).
,_______ tissue can be found as one layer or in many layers.
These cells are under constant cell division to replace dead cells that shed away.
muscle tissue
_______ tissue enables us to move
The cells that make up _____ tissue are specialized for muscle contraction.
connective tissue
_______ Tissue offers support, give strucure and protection of body organs and
includes bones, tendons, blood, and ligaments
______ tissue cells are specialized to bind tissues together and play a supportive
role.
nervous tissue
_____ tissue responsible for the communication between the cells of the body by
forming a system of electrical impulses that communicate very rapidly. Nerves
are like the "wiring" of the body.
integumentary system
The skin
Skin is made up of the:
epidermis (outer top layer),
dermis (middle layer), and the
, hypodermis (inner, also called subcutaneous tissue layer). The hypodermis is a
layer made mostly of fat that helps anchor the dermis to a layer of fat cells.
Adipocytes (fat cells) help to insulate and regulate body temperature.
Skin forms the external body covering and protects the deeper tissues from
injury.
The integumentary system produces vitamin D and contains the pain receptors
and pressure receptors used in our protection.
Our skin plays an important role in protecting our internal organs from extreme
temperature changes.
Sweat glands and oil glands can also be found here. If the integumentary system
is damaged and microbes or chemicals make their way into the body, it is the
lymphatic system that is responsible for mounting the attack to defend our
internal environment.
Integumentary system includes :
Skin
Hair,
oil glands
sensory glands
Epidermis
Outer layer of skin
Dermis
middle layer of skin
Hypodermis (subcutaneous layer)
Inner layer of skin
