PRITE Neuroscience
17y/o is evaluated for binge eating associated with a 60 lb weight gain over the past four
months. CT shows a craniopharyngioma that likely disrupts what structure? -
ANS-VENTROMEDIAL HYPOTHALAMUS
20 y/o with 1-year h/o bitemporal headaches, polydipsia, polyuria, and bulimia plus 2-month
h/o emotional outbursts, aggression, and transient confusion. Neuro exam normal. What will
MRI of brain show? - ANS-HYPOTHALAMIC TUMOR
26 y.o. w/HA and R-hand clumsiness for weeks. Exam shows difficulty w/rapid alternating
movements of hand, overt intention tremor on finger-to-nose, and mildly dysmetric finger
tamping. CNS intact and no papilledema. Where will damage show on MRI? (4x) -
ANS-CEREBELLUM
28 y/o cocaine user complains of LBP, numbness in both legs and feet, thighs, buttocks,
abdomen, and says R leg is weak and clumsy, L leg is tired. Has urinary incontinence and
difficulty walking. Decreased light touch, pinprick, and temperature. Normal vibration and
proprioception. DTR is hard to elicit. Muscle tone is normal. Decreased strength in B/L LE
but worse on right. Diagnosis? - ANS-ANTERIOR SPINAL ARTERY INFARCTION
32 y/o pt 1-month hx of worsening headaches, episodic mood swings and occasional
hallucinations with visual, tactile and auditory content. CT head reveals tumor where: -
ANS-TEMPORAL LOBE
34 y/o M is referred for psychiatric evaluation 5 years after sustaining a head injury at work.
Prior to the accident, he was a stable, happily married man. Since the accident, he has been
described as overly talkative and restless. His wife divorced him because he was acting
irresponsibly, which also resulted in termination from his job. Psychometric testing reveals
that the man has average intelligence and no detectable memory deficits. Pt's clinical
presentation is most consistent with damage to which to the following brain areas? -
ANS-FRONTAL LOBE
46 y/o M w/ double vision + pain R eye. Exam: ptosis R eyelid, inability to elevate or adduct
R eye + R pupillary dilation. This is caused by: - ANS-POST. COMMUNICATING ARTERY
ANEURYSM
58 y/o M h/o HTN, cig smoking and sudden inability to speak. Face drooping on R and
dragging R leg. In ER examined within 40 mins of onset: Aphasic, unable to understand or
repeat verbal commands. Unintelligible sounds for speech. Alert but appears frustrated. R
hemiplegia with arm and face weaker than leg. CT head: no hemorrhage. Pathology type
and area: - ANS-THROMBOEMBOLIC STROKE OF LEFT MCA
58 y/o s/p CABG - anomia for fingers and body parts, errors involving right and left, inability
to write thoughts/take notes/make calculations. Fluent speech and excellent comprehension
- ANS-LEFT MEDIAL TEMPORAL STROKE
60 y/o right-handed M, getting lost, only writes on right half of paper. Left-sided hemi-neglect.
Where is the lesion? (8x) - ANS-RIGHT PARIETAL LOBE
62yo progressive personality changes, has dull emotions, lack of initiative, and apathy. An
autopsy is likely to show atrophy of ...? - ANS-FRONTAL LOBE
65 y/o diabetic pt presents to ED c/o acute L sided weakness, deviation of gaze to R, L
hemiplegia and hemisensory deficit, and L homonymous hemianopsia. 12 hrs later, pt is
, unconscious, L pupil enlarged and unreactive. CT will show what? - ANS-R MCA INFARCT
W/ EDEMA AND UNCAL HERNIATION
65 y/o pt has a stroke which causes him to fall. On exam, weakness of the right leg, with
only minor weakness of the right hand, no weakness of the face, no sensory deficit. Speech
is not affected, but pt seems unusually quiet and passive. The stroke most likely involves
the: - ANS-LEFT ANTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY
65 y/o w/ HTN collapsed. In ED is stuporous, R hemiparesis + hemisensory deficit, eyes
deviate to L. CT would show intraparenchymal hemorrhage in: - ANS-LEFT BASAL
GANGLIA
65 y/o w/ hx of HTN, Meniere's with sudden vertigo, N/V, worse with head movement, R
beating nystagmus on lateral gaze, finger to nose testing is ataxic, poor balance and
dysarthria. Dx - ANS-CEREBELLAR INFARCT
66 y/o with HTN develops vertigo, diplopia, nausea, vomiting, hiccups, L face numbness,
nystagmus, hoarseness, ataxia of limbs, staggering gait, and tendency to fall to the left. Dx?
(8x) - ANS-LATERAL MEDULLARY STROKE
78 y/o pt had an ischemic stroke that left him with a residual mild hemiplegia. Pt appeared to
be unaware that there was a problem of weakness on one side of this body. When asked to
raise the weak arm, the patient raised his normal arm. When the failure to raise the
paralyzed arm was pointed out to pt, he admitted that the arm was slightly weak. He also
neglects the side of the body when dressing and grooming. Pt did not shave one side of his
face, had difficulty putting a shirt on when it was turned inside out. Area of brain likely
affected by stroke? (4x) - ANS-RIGHT PARIETAL LOBE
A compound that increases muscle mass by increasing episodic secretion of GH (2x): -
ANS-GAMMA HYDROXYLBUTYRATE
A pituitary tumor that protrudes through the diaphragmatic sella is most likely to cause? -
ANS-BITEMPORAL HEMIANOPSIA
Abnormal emotional expressions such as pathological laughter or crying caused by lesions
affecting corticalsubcortical circuits linking frontal cortex, pons and what? -
ANS-CEREBELLUM
Acute onset of hemiballismus of LUE & LLE. MRI is most likely to show lesion located
where? - ANS-SUBTHALAMIC NUCLEUS
Adult neurogenesis in which area of the brain? (2x) - ANS-HIPPOCAMPUS
Akinetic mutism can result from bilateral infarctions of which of the following structures: -
ANS-ANTERIOR CINGULATE GYRUS
Amnesia preceded by epigastric sensation/fear is associated with electrical abnormalities
where? - ANS-TEMPORAL LOBE
Aphasia w/ effortful fragmented, non-fluent, telegraphic speech, is seen in a lesion where? -
ANS-POSTERIOR FRONTAL LOBE
Area of brain responsible for face recognition - ANS-FUSIFORM GYRUS
Area of brain to remember a number to make a phone call - ANS-DORSOLATERAL PFC
Atrophy of right temporal lobe on cross section associated with occlusion of: - ANS-MIDDLE
CEREBRAL ARTERY
Bilateral lower extremity weakness, abulia, mutism, urinary incontinence are most likely to
result from occlusion of which of the following arteries? - ANS-Anterior cerebral
Bipolar disorder has decreased connectivity here - ANS-AMYGDALA AND PFC
Blocking R PCA (posterior cerebral artery) causes which visual disturbance? - ANS-LEFT
HOMONYMOUS HEMIANOPSIA
Brain area activated by subliminal presentations of emotional faces - ANS-AMYGDALA
17y/o is evaluated for binge eating associated with a 60 lb weight gain over the past four
months. CT shows a craniopharyngioma that likely disrupts what structure? -
ANS-VENTROMEDIAL HYPOTHALAMUS
20 y/o with 1-year h/o bitemporal headaches, polydipsia, polyuria, and bulimia plus 2-month
h/o emotional outbursts, aggression, and transient confusion. Neuro exam normal. What will
MRI of brain show? - ANS-HYPOTHALAMIC TUMOR
26 y.o. w/HA and R-hand clumsiness for weeks. Exam shows difficulty w/rapid alternating
movements of hand, overt intention tremor on finger-to-nose, and mildly dysmetric finger
tamping. CNS intact and no papilledema. Where will damage show on MRI? (4x) -
ANS-CEREBELLUM
28 y/o cocaine user complains of LBP, numbness in both legs and feet, thighs, buttocks,
abdomen, and says R leg is weak and clumsy, L leg is tired. Has urinary incontinence and
difficulty walking. Decreased light touch, pinprick, and temperature. Normal vibration and
proprioception. DTR is hard to elicit. Muscle tone is normal. Decreased strength in B/L LE
but worse on right. Diagnosis? - ANS-ANTERIOR SPINAL ARTERY INFARCTION
32 y/o pt 1-month hx of worsening headaches, episodic mood swings and occasional
hallucinations with visual, tactile and auditory content. CT head reveals tumor where: -
ANS-TEMPORAL LOBE
34 y/o M is referred for psychiatric evaluation 5 years after sustaining a head injury at work.
Prior to the accident, he was a stable, happily married man. Since the accident, he has been
described as overly talkative and restless. His wife divorced him because he was acting
irresponsibly, which also resulted in termination from his job. Psychometric testing reveals
that the man has average intelligence and no detectable memory deficits. Pt's clinical
presentation is most consistent with damage to which to the following brain areas? -
ANS-FRONTAL LOBE
46 y/o M w/ double vision + pain R eye. Exam: ptosis R eyelid, inability to elevate or adduct
R eye + R pupillary dilation. This is caused by: - ANS-POST. COMMUNICATING ARTERY
ANEURYSM
58 y/o M h/o HTN, cig smoking and sudden inability to speak. Face drooping on R and
dragging R leg. In ER examined within 40 mins of onset: Aphasic, unable to understand or
repeat verbal commands. Unintelligible sounds for speech. Alert but appears frustrated. R
hemiplegia with arm and face weaker than leg. CT head: no hemorrhage. Pathology type
and area: - ANS-THROMBOEMBOLIC STROKE OF LEFT MCA
58 y/o s/p CABG - anomia for fingers and body parts, errors involving right and left, inability
to write thoughts/take notes/make calculations. Fluent speech and excellent comprehension
- ANS-LEFT MEDIAL TEMPORAL STROKE
60 y/o right-handed M, getting lost, only writes on right half of paper. Left-sided hemi-neglect.
Where is the lesion? (8x) - ANS-RIGHT PARIETAL LOBE
62yo progressive personality changes, has dull emotions, lack of initiative, and apathy. An
autopsy is likely to show atrophy of ...? - ANS-FRONTAL LOBE
65 y/o diabetic pt presents to ED c/o acute L sided weakness, deviation of gaze to R, L
hemiplegia and hemisensory deficit, and L homonymous hemianopsia. 12 hrs later, pt is
, unconscious, L pupil enlarged and unreactive. CT will show what? - ANS-R MCA INFARCT
W/ EDEMA AND UNCAL HERNIATION
65 y/o pt has a stroke which causes him to fall. On exam, weakness of the right leg, with
only minor weakness of the right hand, no weakness of the face, no sensory deficit. Speech
is not affected, but pt seems unusually quiet and passive. The stroke most likely involves
the: - ANS-LEFT ANTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY
65 y/o w/ HTN collapsed. In ED is stuporous, R hemiparesis + hemisensory deficit, eyes
deviate to L. CT would show intraparenchymal hemorrhage in: - ANS-LEFT BASAL
GANGLIA
65 y/o w/ hx of HTN, Meniere's with sudden vertigo, N/V, worse with head movement, R
beating nystagmus on lateral gaze, finger to nose testing is ataxic, poor balance and
dysarthria. Dx - ANS-CEREBELLAR INFARCT
66 y/o with HTN develops vertigo, diplopia, nausea, vomiting, hiccups, L face numbness,
nystagmus, hoarseness, ataxia of limbs, staggering gait, and tendency to fall to the left. Dx?
(8x) - ANS-LATERAL MEDULLARY STROKE
78 y/o pt had an ischemic stroke that left him with a residual mild hemiplegia. Pt appeared to
be unaware that there was a problem of weakness on one side of this body. When asked to
raise the weak arm, the patient raised his normal arm. When the failure to raise the
paralyzed arm was pointed out to pt, he admitted that the arm was slightly weak. He also
neglects the side of the body when dressing and grooming. Pt did not shave one side of his
face, had difficulty putting a shirt on when it was turned inside out. Area of brain likely
affected by stroke? (4x) - ANS-RIGHT PARIETAL LOBE
A compound that increases muscle mass by increasing episodic secretion of GH (2x): -
ANS-GAMMA HYDROXYLBUTYRATE
A pituitary tumor that protrudes through the diaphragmatic sella is most likely to cause? -
ANS-BITEMPORAL HEMIANOPSIA
Abnormal emotional expressions such as pathological laughter or crying caused by lesions
affecting corticalsubcortical circuits linking frontal cortex, pons and what? -
ANS-CEREBELLUM
Acute onset of hemiballismus of LUE & LLE. MRI is most likely to show lesion located
where? - ANS-SUBTHALAMIC NUCLEUS
Adult neurogenesis in which area of the brain? (2x) - ANS-HIPPOCAMPUS
Akinetic mutism can result from bilateral infarctions of which of the following structures: -
ANS-ANTERIOR CINGULATE GYRUS
Amnesia preceded by epigastric sensation/fear is associated with electrical abnormalities
where? - ANS-TEMPORAL LOBE
Aphasia w/ effortful fragmented, non-fluent, telegraphic speech, is seen in a lesion where? -
ANS-POSTERIOR FRONTAL LOBE
Area of brain responsible for face recognition - ANS-FUSIFORM GYRUS
Area of brain to remember a number to make a phone call - ANS-DORSOLATERAL PFC
Atrophy of right temporal lobe on cross section associated with occlusion of: - ANS-MIDDLE
CEREBRAL ARTERY
Bilateral lower extremity weakness, abulia, mutism, urinary incontinence are most likely to
result from occlusion of which of the following arteries? - ANS-Anterior cerebral
Bipolar disorder has decreased connectivity here - ANS-AMYGDALA AND PFC
Blocking R PCA (posterior cerebral artery) causes which visual disturbance? - ANS-LEFT
HOMONYMOUS HEMIANOPSIA
Brain area activated by subliminal presentations of emotional faces - ANS-AMYGDALA
