Bontrager; Radiographic Positioning:
Final Exam WITH COMPLETE GUIDE
The first general rule in diagnostic radiology suggest that a minimum of ______ projections be
taken _______ degrees from each other as possible are required for most radiographic
procedures. - ANS2 projections; 90 degrees
The direction or path of the central ray of the x-ray beam defines the following positioning term: -
ANSProjection
A patient is erect with their back to the IR. The left side of the body is turned 45 degrees toward
the IR. What is this position? - ANSLeft posterior oblique (LPO)
The patient is erect with the right side of the body against the IR. The x-ray beam enters the left
side of the body. Which specific position has been used? - ANSRight lateral
T/F The term caudal means toward the head - ANSFalse, caudal means toward the feet
A patient is recumbent facing the IR. The right side of the body is turned 15 degrees toward the
IR. What is this position? - ANSRight anterior oblique (RAO)
What is the name of the position in which the body is turned 90 degrees from a true AP or PA
projection? - ANSLateral position
Lying on the back facing upward - ANSSupine
Top or anterior surface of the foot - ANSDorsum
Back half of the patient - ANSPosterior
Lying down in any position - ANSRecumbent
To have a lateral decubitus position or projection on must have a ________ beam. -
ANSHorizontal beam
The vertical plane that divides the body into equal right and left halves describes the: -
ANSMidsaggital plane
An upright position with the arms abducted, plans forward, and head head forward describes
the: - ANSAnatomic position
,A longitudinal plane that divides the body into equal anterior and posterior parts is the: -
ANSMidcoronal plane
Which term describes the sole of the foot? - ANSPlantar
T/F A lateromedial projection is where the lateral aspect of the anatomical part is closest to the
IR - ANSFalse
A position in which the head is lower than the feet is: - ANSTrendelenberg
A patient is lying on her back facing the x-ray tube. The right side of their body is turned 20
degrees toward the IR. What is this radiographic position? - ANSRight posterior oblique (RPO)
How many separate bones are found in the adult human body? - ANS206
Which system of the human body is responsible for the elimination of solid waste? -
ANSDigestive
A patient is lying on their left side facing the IR. The x-ray tube is directed horizontally with the
CR entering the posterior aspect of the body. What is this radiographic position? - ANSLeft
lateral decubitus
The patient is erect with their left side directly against the IR. The CR enters the right side of the
body. What is this radiographic position? - ANSLeft lateral
T/F According to your text and lecture radiographic view is not a valid positioning term in the
United States - ANSTrue
The radiographic term "projection" is defined as: - ANSPath or direction of the CR
T/F A persons body habits represents a specific type of projection - ANSFalse, body type
Movement of an arm or leg toward the midline - ANSAdduction
An inward stress movement of the foot - ANSInversion
Near the source or the beginning - ANSProximal
A CR angle directed towards the feet - ANSCaudal
Increasing the angle of a joint - ANSExtension
Movement of arm or leg away from the midline - ANSAbduction
, Decreasing the angle between the foot and lower leg - ANSDorsiflexion
Turn or bend hand and wrist toward radius - ANSRadial deviation
Rotation of hand with palm down - ANSPronation
T/F Since 1895 the methods of acquiring and storing x-ray images have for the most part stayed
the same - ANSFalse
______________ involves placing a photostimulable phosphor (PSP) or imaging plate into a
cassette, used like traditional film-screen. - ANSComputer Radiography (CR)
T/F Milliamperage (mA) controls the penetrating power of x-rays with all radiographic imaging
systems - ANSFalse, kVp controls penetrating power
T/F Exposure Time controls the number of x-rays produced within the x-ray tube. - ANSFalse
_____________ is highly complex mathematical formula or code used in digital processing. -
ANSAlgorithm
A term used by some equipment manufactures to indicate exposure index is the: - ANS"S"
number or sensitivity number
T/F A Scintillator is a device that helps measure flashes of light (radioactivity) form the ionization
of phosphor - ANSTrue
T/F "Gray Scale" is used instead of "scale contrast" when referring to digital images - ANSTrue
The term used to define a random disturbance that obscures or reduces clarity and translates
into grainy or mottled appearance of the digital image is known as: - ANSNoise
T/F A pixel is an individual component of the image matrix. - ANSTrue
The "cardinal rules of radiation protection" are: - ANSTime, distance, shielding
T/F Collimation had nothing to do with digital image contrast - ANSFalse
T/F The "ALARA Principal" has nothing to do with radiation protection - ANSFalse
T/F According to lecture and lab "exposure factors" consist of kVp, mA and SID - ANSFalse,
kVp, mA and time
T/F mAs is a combination of all three exposure factors - ANSFalse, two exposure factors
Final Exam WITH COMPLETE GUIDE
The first general rule in diagnostic radiology suggest that a minimum of ______ projections be
taken _______ degrees from each other as possible are required for most radiographic
procedures. - ANS2 projections; 90 degrees
The direction or path of the central ray of the x-ray beam defines the following positioning term: -
ANSProjection
A patient is erect with their back to the IR. The left side of the body is turned 45 degrees toward
the IR. What is this position? - ANSLeft posterior oblique (LPO)
The patient is erect with the right side of the body against the IR. The x-ray beam enters the left
side of the body. Which specific position has been used? - ANSRight lateral
T/F The term caudal means toward the head - ANSFalse, caudal means toward the feet
A patient is recumbent facing the IR. The right side of the body is turned 15 degrees toward the
IR. What is this position? - ANSRight anterior oblique (RAO)
What is the name of the position in which the body is turned 90 degrees from a true AP or PA
projection? - ANSLateral position
Lying on the back facing upward - ANSSupine
Top or anterior surface of the foot - ANSDorsum
Back half of the patient - ANSPosterior
Lying down in any position - ANSRecumbent
To have a lateral decubitus position or projection on must have a ________ beam. -
ANSHorizontal beam
The vertical plane that divides the body into equal right and left halves describes the: -
ANSMidsaggital plane
An upright position with the arms abducted, plans forward, and head head forward describes
the: - ANSAnatomic position
,A longitudinal plane that divides the body into equal anterior and posterior parts is the: -
ANSMidcoronal plane
Which term describes the sole of the foot? - ANSPlantar
T/F A lateromedial projection is where the lateral aspect of the anatomical part is closest to the
IR - ANSFalse
A position in which the head is lower than the feet is: - ANSTrendelenberg
A patient is lying on her back facing the x-ray tube. The right side of their body is turned 20
degrees toward the IR. What is this radiographic position? - ANSRight posterior oblique (RPO)
How many separate bones are found in the adult human body? - ANS206
Which system of the human body is responsible for the elimination of solid waste? -
ANSDigestive
A patient is lying on their left side facing the IR. The x-ray tube is directed horizontally with the
CR entering the posterior aspect of the body. What is this radiographic position? - ANSLeft
lateral decubitus
The patient is erect with their left side directly against the IR. The CR enters the right side of the
body. What is this radiographic position? - ANSLeft lateral
T/F According to your text and lecture radiographic view is not a valid positioning term in the
United States - ANSTrue
The radiographic term "projection" is defined as: - ANSPath or direction of the CR
T/F A persons body habits represents a specific type of projection - ANSFalse, body type
Movement of an arm or leg toward the midline - ANSAdduction
An inward stress movement of the foot - ANSInversion
Near the source or the beginning - ANSProximal
A CR angle directed towards the feet - ANSCaudal
Increasing the angle of a joint - ANSExtension
Movement of arm or leg away from the midline - ANSAbduction
, Decreasing the angle between the foot and lower leg - ANSDorsiflexion
Turn or bend hand and wrist toward radius - ANSRadial deviation
Rotation of hand with palm down - ANSPronation
T/F Since 1895 the methods of acquiring and storing x-ray images have for the most part stayed
the same - ANSFalse
______________ involves placing a photostimulable phosphor (PSP) or imaging plate into a
cassette, used like traditional film-screen. - ANSComputer Radiography (CR)
T/F Milliamperage (mA) controls the penetrating power of x-rays with all radiographic imaging
systems - ANSFalse, kVp controls penetrating power
T/F Exposure Time controls the number of x-rays produced within the x-ray tube. - ANSFalse
_____________ is highly complex mathematical formula or code used in digital processing. -
ANSAlgorithm
A term used by some equipment manufactures to indicate exposure index is the: - ANS"S"
number or sensitivity number
T/F A Scintillator is a device that helps measure flashes of light (radioactivity) form the ionization
of phosphor - ANSTrue
T/F "Gray Scale" is used instead of "scale contrast" when referring to digital images - ANSTrue
The term used to define a random disturbance that obscures or reduces clarity and translates
into grainy or mottled appearance of the digital image is known as: - ANSNoise
T/F A pixel is an individual component of the image matrix. - ANSTrue
The "cardinal rules of radiation protection" are: - ANSTime, distance, shielding
T/F Collimation had nothing to do with digital image contrast - ANSFalse
T/F The "ALARA Principal" has nothing to do with radiation protection - ANSFalse
T/F According to lecture and lab "exposure factors" consist of kVp, mA and SID - ANSFalse,
kVp, mA and time
T/F mAs is a combination of all three exposure factors - ANSFalse, two exposure factors
