https://www.stuvia.com/
This dstudy dsource dwas ddownloaded dby d100000826342158 dfrom dCourseHero.com don d09-15-2021 d17:54:15 dGMT d-
05:00
https://www.coursehero.com/file/25537437/ch01rtf/
,https://www.stuvia.com/
Chapter 1 RBCs and Platelet Preservation: Historical Perspectives and Current Trends
d d d d d d d d d d
Multiple Choice
d
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
d d d d d d d d d d d
1. Which metabolic pathway is responsible for generating 90% of the ATP for the RBC?
d d d d d d d d d d d d d
a. Pentose phosphate shunt c. Glycolysis d d
b. Luebering-Rapoport shunt d. Methemoglobin reductase d d d
2. A unit of blood was returned to the blood bank before it was spiked. Apparently the patient’s IV failed. The
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
unit of blood was outside the blood bank for 35 minutes. Which of the statements below is most accurate?
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
a. The unit of blood should be discarded immediately.
d d d d d d d
b. The unit of blood can be returned to inventory.
d d d d d d d d
c. The unit of blood must be transfused within 4 hours or be discarded at the end of that time.
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
d. The unit of blood must be transfused with 24 hours.
d d d d d d d d d
3. What is the average diameter of a platelet?
d d d d d d d
a. 5 to 10 µm d d d c. 1 to 2 µm d d d
b. 2 to 4 µm d d d d. 4 to 6 µmd d d d d
4. In the normal hemoglobin-oxygen dissociation curve, what percentage of oxygen is released to the tissues
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
when PO2 averages 40 mm Hg?
d d d d d d
a. 75% c. 100%
b. 25% d. 50% d
5. What factors are known to influence platelet metabolism and function?
d d d d d d d d d
a. Storage temperature c. Platelet count d d
b. Initial pH d. All of the above
d d d d d
6. Which of the following red blood cell morphologies may be present on the peripheral blood smear as a result
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
of loss of RBC membrane?
d d d d d
a. Spherocytes c. Burr cells d
b. Target cells d. Schistocytes
d d
7. What does the term autologous transfusion refer to?
d d d d d d d
a. A parent donating blood for his or her child
d d d d d d d d
b. An individual donating blood for a friend
d d d d d d
c. An individual donating blood for a relative
d d d d d d
d. An individual donating blood for his or her own transfusion
d d d d d d d d d
8. What is the primary function of hemoglobin?
d d d d d d
a. Iron metabolism d c. Oxygen transport d
b. Porphyrin synthesis d d. Signal transduction
d d
9. All of the following areas of red blood cell biology are crucial for normal erythrocyte survival except:
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
a. Cellular metabolism. c. Site of the ABO antigen attachment.
d d d d d d
b. RBC membrane. d. Hemoglobin structure.
d d d
This dstudy dsource dwas ddownloaded dby d100000826342158 dfrom dCourseHero.com don d09-15-2021 d17:54:15 dGMT d-
05:00
https://www.coursehero.com/file/25537437/ch01rtf/
,https://www.stuvia.com/
d 10. What is the correct biochemical composition of the RBC membrane?
d d d d d d d d d d
a. 52% protein, 40% lipid, 8% carbohydrate d d d d d
b. 40% protein, 8% lipid, 52% carbohydrate d d d d d
c. 8% protein, 52% lipid, 40% carbohydrate
d d d d d
d. 8% lipid, 40% carbohydrate, 52% protein
d d d d d
d 11. All of the following biochemical changes are associated with loss of red blood cell viability upon storage
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
except:
a. Decreased pH. c. Increased ATP level. d d d
b. Loss of red blood cell function. d. Decreased glucose consumption.
d d d d d d d d
d 12. Which red blood cell preservative has a storage time of 35 days?
d d d d d d d d d d d d
a. ACD c. AS-1
b. CPDA-1 d. CPD d d
d 13. The RBC membrane is relatively permeable to all of the following except:
d d d d d d d d d d d d
a. Chloride. c. Bicarbonate.
b. Sodium. d. Water. d
d 14. What percentage of platelets is sequestered in the spleen as functional reserve after being released from
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
the bone marrow?
d d d
a. 30% c. 10%
b. 50% d. 25% d d
d 15. What is the major biochemical consideration in platelet storage?
d d d d d d d d d
a. Glucose metabolism c. Production of carbon dioxide
d d d d
b. Oxygen supply d. Regulation of pH d d d d
d 16. What would the hemoglobin-oxygen dissociation curve depict in a patient exhibiting clinical signs
d d d d d d d d d d d d d
of alkalosis?
d d
a. Normal c. Shift to the right d d d
b. Shift to the left d. None of the above
d d d d d d d
d 17. Name the main lipid components of a red blood cell membrane.
d d d d d d d d d d d
a. Phospholipid c. Glycolipid
b. Sphingomyelin d. Glycophorin A d d
d 18. The ABO blood groups were discovered in 1901 by whom?
d d d d d d d d d d
a. Charles Drew c. Loutit and Mollisond d d
b. Karl Landsteiner d. Edward Lindeman
d d d
d 19. A standing order of platelets was shipped to your facility by your supplier. It was inadvertently left in the
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
corner of the department until discovered 36 hours later. What would the appropriate action be for the blood
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
banker?d
a. If the temperature in the box was 22 +/- 2°C and the platelet swirl seemed OK, it would be
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
OK to accept the unit into inventory.
d d d d d d d
b. The platelets have fallen outside the supplier’s quality assurance. The unit should be
d d d d d d d d d d d d
discarded because the pH has probably dropped too low and platelet activation has been
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
compromised. d
c. If the temperature was 1°C to 6°C and the platelet swirl seemed OK, it would be OK to
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
This dstudy dsource dwas ddownloaded dby d100000826342158 dfrom dCourseHero.com don d09-15-2021 d17:54:15 dGMT d-
05:00
https://www.coursehero.com/file/25537437/ch01rtf/
,https://www.stuvia.com/
accept the unit into inventory. d d d d
d. If the platelets appeared OK and passed the platelet swirl test after being placed on the
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
agitator, they could be accepted into the inventory.
d d d d d d d d
d 20. Which metabolic pathway permits the accumulation of 2,3 diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG)?
d d d d d d d d d d
a. Glycolysis c. Pentose phosphate shunt d d
b. Luebering-Rapoport shunt d. Methemoglobin reductase d d d
d 21. All of the following are consistent with a "shift to the right" of the hemoglobin-oxygen dissociation curve
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
except:
a. Increased 2,3-DPG. d
b. 50% O2 saturation to tissues.d d d d
c. Decreased 2,3-DPG. d
d. Decreased hemoglobin affinity for O2. d d d d
d 22. What is the normal platelet count range per cubic millimeter?
d d d d d d d d d d
a. 100 to 350 d c. 50,000 to 200,000
d d d
b. 150,000 to 350,000 d. 350,000 to 500,000
d d d d d
d 23. What cryoprotective agent is added to red blood cells upon freezing?
d d d d d d d d d d d
a. Dextrose c. Glycerol
b. Adsol d. All of the above d d d d
d 24. If platelets are to be stored for 5 days on a rotator, what is the optimal storage temperature?
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
a. 1°C to 6°C d d c. 35°C to 37°C d d
b. 20°C to 24°C d d. 1°C to 10°C
d d d d
d 25. What role do platelets play in hemostasis?
d d d d d d d
a. Maintenance of vascular integrity d d d
b. Initial arrest of bleeding by platelet plug formation
d d d d d d d
c. Stabilization of the hemostatic plug d d d d
d. All of the above d d d
d 26. Which of the following best describes "integral" membrane proteins?
d d d d d d d d d
a. Reside at the cytoplasmic surface of membrane d d d d d d
b. Span the entire membrane surface d d d d
c. Form the red blood cell cytoskeleton d d d d d
d. None of the above d d d
d 27. How is stroma-free hemoglobin solution prepared?
d d d d d d
a. Outdated red blood cells are concentrated, and stroma is removed.
d d d d d d d d d
b. Outdated red blood cells are diluted with saline, and stroma is removed.
d d d d d d d d d d d
c. Outdated red blood cells are lysed, and stroma is removed. d d d d d d d d d
d. None of the above d d d
d 28. What is the normal life span of an RBC?
d d d d d d d d d
a. 100 days d c. 120 hours d
b. 120 days d d. 2 days d d
d 29. Regarding loss of RBC membrane deformability, all of the following are true except:
d d d d d d d d d d d d d
a. Increase in ATP level. d d d
b. Decrease in ATP level. d d d
This dstudy dsource dwas ddownloaded dby d100000826342158 dfrom dCourseHero.com don d09-15-2021 d17:54:15 dGMT d-
05:00
https://www.coursehero.com/file/25537437/ch01rtf/
This dstudy dsource dwas ddownloaded dby d100000826342158 dfrom dCourseHero.com don d09-15-2021 d17:54:15 dGMT d-
05:00
https://www.coursehero.com/file/25537437/ch01rtf/
,https://www.stuvia.com/
Chapter 1 RBCs and Platelet Preservation: Historical Perspectives and Current Trends
d d d d d d d d d d
Multiple Choice
d
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
d d d d d d d d d d d
1. Which metabolic pathway is responsible for generating 90% of the ATP for the RBC?
d d d d d d d d d d d d d
a. Pentose phosphate shunt c. Glycolysis d d
b. Luebering-Rapoport shunt d. Methemoglobin reductase d d d
2. A unit of blood was returned to the blood bank before it was spiked. Apparently the patient’s IV failed. The
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
unit of blood was outside the blood bank for 35 minutes. Which of the statements below is most accurate?
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
a. The unit of blood should be discarded immediately.
d d d d d d d
b. The unit of blood can be returned to inventory.
d d d d d d d d
c. The unit of blood must be transfused within 4 hours or be discarded at the end of that time.
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
d. The unit of blood must be transfused with 24 hours.
d d d d d d d d d
3. What is the average diameter of a platelet?
d d d d d d d
a. 5 to 10 µm d d d c. 1 to 2 µm d d d
b. 2 to 4 µm d d d d. 4 to 6 µmd d d d d
4. In the normal hemoglobin-oxygen dissociation curve, what percentage of oxygen is released to the tissues
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
when PO2 averages 40 mm Hg?
d d d d d d
a. 75% c. 100%
b. 25% d. 50% d
5. What factors are known to influence platelet metabolism and function?
d d d d d d d d d
a. Storage temperature c. Platelet count d d
b. Initial pH d. All of the above
d d d d d
6. Which of the following red blood cell morphologies may be present on the peripheral blood smear as a result
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
of loss of RBC membrane?
d d d d d
a. Spherocytes c. Burr cells d
b. Target cells d. Schistocytes
d d
7. What does the term autologous transfusion refer to?
d d d d d d d
a. A parent donating blood for his or her child
d d d d d d d d
b. An individual donating blood for a friend
d d d d d d
c. An individual donating blood for a relative
d d d d d d
d. An individual donating blood for his or her own transfusion
d d d d d d d d d
8. What is the primary function of hemoglobin?
d d d d d d
a. Iron metabolism d c. Oxygen transport d
b. Porphyrin synthesis d d. Signal transduction
d d
9. All of the following areas of red blood cell biology are crucial for normal erythrocyte survival except:
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
a. Cellular metabolism. c. Site of the ABO antigen attachment.
d d d d d d
b. RBC membrane. d. Hemoglobin structure.
d d d
This dstudy dsource dwas ddownloaded dby d100000826342158 dfrom dCourseHero.com don d09-15-2021 d17:54:15 dGMT d-
05:00
https://www.coursehero.com/file/25537437/ch01rtf/
,https://www.stuvia.com/
d 10. What is the correct biochemical composition of the RBC membrane?
d d d d d d d d d d
a. 52% protein, 40% lipid, 8% carbohydrate d d d d d
b. 40% protein, 8% lipid, 52% carbohydrate d d d d d
c. 8% protein, 52% lipid, 40% carbohydrate
d d d d d
d. 8% lipid, 40% carbohydrate, 52% protein
d d d d d
d 11. All of the following biochemical changes are associated with loss of red blood cell viability upon storage
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
except:
a. Decreased pH. c. Increased ATP level. d d d
b. Loss of red blood cell function. d. Decreased glucose consumption.
d d d d d d d d
d 12. Which red blood cell preservative has a storage time of 35 days?
d d d d d d d d d d d d
a. ACD c. AS-1
b. CPDA-1 d. CPD d d
d 13. The RBC membrane is relatively permeable to all of the following except:
d d d d d d d d d d d d
a. Chloride. c. Bicarbonate.
b. Sodium. d. Water. d
d 14. What percentage of platelets is sequestered in the spleen as functional reserve after being released from
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
the bone marrow?
d d d
a. 30% c. 10%
b. 50% d. 25% d d
d 15. What is the major biochemical consideration in platelet storage?
d d d d d d d d d
a. Glucose metabolism c. Production of carbon dioxide
d d d d
b. Oxygen supply d. Regulation of pH d d d d
d 16. What would the hemoglobin-oxygen dissociation curve depict in a patient exhibiting clinical signs
d d d d d d d d d d d d d
of alkalosis?
d d
a. Normal c. Shift to the right d d d
b. Shift to the left d. None of the above
d d d d d d d
d 17. Name the main lipid components of a red blood cell membrane.
d d d d d d d d d d d
a. Phospholipid c. Glycolipid
b. Sphingomyelin d. Glycophorin A d d
d 18. The ABO blood groups were discovered in 1901 by whom?
d d d d d d d d d d
a. Charles Drew c. Loutit and Mollisond d d
b. Karl Landsteiner d. Edward Lindeman
d d d
d 19. A standing order of platelets was shipped to your facility by your supplier. It was inadvertently left in the
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
corner of the department until discovered 36 hours later. What would the appropriate action be for the blood
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
banker?d
a. If the temperature in the box was 22 +/- 2°C and the platelet swirl seemed OK, it would be
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
OK to accept the unit into inventory.
d d d d d d d
b. The platelets have fallen outside the supplier’s quality assurance. The unit should be
d d d d d d d d d d d d
discarded because the pH has probably dropped too low and platelet activation has been
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
compromised. d
c. If the temperature was 1°C to 6°C and the platelet swirl seemed OK, it would be OK to
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
This dstudy dsource dwas ddownloaded dby d100000826342158 dfrom dCourseHero.com don d09-15-2021 d17:54:15 dGMT d-
05:00
https://www.coursehero.com/file/25537437/ch01rtf/
,https://www.stuvia.com/
accept the unit into inventory. d d d d
d. If the platelets appeared OK and passed the platelet swirl test after being placed on the
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
agitator, they could be accepted into the inventory.
d d d d d d d d
d 20. Which metabolic pathway permits the accumulation of 2,3 diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG)?
d d d d d d d d d d
a. Glycolysis c. Pentose phosphate shunt d d
b. Luebering-Rapoport shunt d. Methemoglobin reductase d d d
d 21. All of the following are consistent with a "shift to the right" of the hemoglobin-oxygen dissociation curve
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
except:
a. Increased 2,3-DPG. d
b. 50% O2 saturation to tissues.d d d d
c. Decreased 2,3-DPG. d
d. Decreased hemoglobin affinity for O2. d d d d
d 22. What is the normal platelet count range per cubic millimeter?
d d d d d d d d d d
a. 100 to 350 d c. 50,000 to 200,000
d d d
b. 150,000 to 350,000 d. 350,000 to 500,000
d d d d d
d 23. What cryoprotective agent is added to red blood cells upon freezing?
d d d d d d d d d d d
a. Dextrose c. Glycerol
b. Adsol d. All of the above d d d d
d 24. If platelets are to be stored for 5 days on a rotator, what is the optimal storage temperature?
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
a. 1°C to 6°C d d c. 35°C to 37°C d d
b. 20°C to 24°C d d. 1°C to 10°C
d d d d
d 25. What role do platelets play in hemostasis?
d d d d d d d
a. Maintenance of vascular integrity d d d
b. Initial arrest of bleeding by platelet plug formation
d d d d d d d
c. Stabilization of the hemostatic plug d d d d
d. All of the above d d d
d 26. Which of the following best describes "integral" membrane proteins?
d d d d d d d d d
a. Reside at the cytoplasmic surface of membrane d d d d d d
b. Span the entire membrane surface d d d d
c. Form the red blood cell cytoskeleton d d d d d
d. None of the above d d d
d 27. How is stroma-free hemoglobin solution prepared?
d d d d d d
a. Outdated red blood cells are concentrated, and stroma is removed.
d d d d d d d d d
b. Outdated red blood cells are diluted with saline, and stroma is removed.
d d d d d d d d d d d
c. Outdated red blood cells are lysed, and stroma is removed. d d d d d d d d d
d. None of the above d d d
d 28. What is the normal life span of an RBC?
d d d d d d d d d
a. 100 days d c. 120 hours d
b. 120 days d d. 2 days d d
d 29. Regarding loss of RBC membrane deformability, all of the following are true except:
d d d d d d d d d d d d d
a. Increase in ATP level. d d d
b. Decrease in ATP level. d d d
This dstudy dsource dwas ddownloaded dby d100000826342158 dfrom dCourseHero.com don d09-15-2021 d17:54:15 dGMT d-
05:00
https://www.coursehero.com/file/25537437/ch01rtf/
