NRS 525 - Hematology Questions Exam With
100% Correct Answers
What are Erythrocytes? - ANSWER Red blood cells. The most abundant cells in the
blood, responsible for oxygenation of the tissues.
What is Hemoglobin? - ANSWER A protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen.
Special features of RBCs? - ANSWER Their size and shape. Bioncavity and reversible
deformity.
How long of a life cycle do RBCs have? - ANSWER 120 days
What are leukocytes? - ANSWER white blood cells
What do Leukocytes do? - ANSWER Defend the body against infection and remove
debris.
What is the normal level of leukocytes? - ANSWER 5000-10,000 cells
Plasma proteins: Albumins - ANSWER Function as carriers, control plasma oncotic
pressure.
Plasma proteins: Globulins - ANSWER Carrier proteins and immunoglobulins
(antibodies)
Plasma proteins: Clotting factors - ANSWER mainly fibrinogen
What are the cellular components of platelets? - ANSWER Thrombocytes
What are the types of Leukocytes? - ANSWER Granulocytes, agranulocytes
What are granulocytes? - ANSWER A type of leukocyte. Membrane bound granules are
in their cytoplasm. Contain enzymes capable of destroying microorganisms, catabolism
debris injested during phagocytosis.
Granulocytes: Neutrophils - ANSWER Most numerous. Defend against infection. Serve
as phagocytes in early inflammation, ingest and destroy microorganisms and debris and
then die in 1-2 days.
Granulocytes: Eosinophils - ANSWER Phagocytic; release toxics (cytokines); increase
and attack parasitic infections
Granulocytes: Basophils - ANSWER release histamine; work in allergic responses
Agranulocytes - ANSWER A group of leukocytes without granules in their cytoplasm.
Monocytes, lymphocytes, and natural killer cells.
, Agranulocytes: Monocytes and Macrophages - ANSWER Make up the mononuclear
phagocyte system. Found in tissue and lymphoid organs, provide the main line of
defense against bacteria in the bloodstream. Cleanse the blood by removing old,
injured, or dead blood cells.
Agranulocytes: Monocytes - ANSWER mature into macrophages in tissues where they
are phagocytic
Agranulocytes: Macrophages - ANSWER Clean up crew, initiate wound healing and
tissue remodeling.
Agranulocytes: Lymphocytes - ANSWER Major cells of the immune system; are mature
T, B, and plasma cells; life span varies
Agranulocytes: Natural Killer Cells - ANSWER Found mainly in the peripheral blood and
spleen, kill tumor cells and virally infected cells, produce cytokines involved in the
immune response
A person has an infection with early inflammation. What agranulocyte is the primary
immunogenic WBC? - ANSWER Lymphocyte
What are platelets? - ANSWER Cell fragments; blood components that contribute to the
blood-clotting process
What is the normal count of platelets? - ANSWER 140,000-340,000
What are risk factors for platelet dysfunction? - ANSWER Vitamin K deficiency, liver
disease, cardiovascular abnormalities, impaired hemostasis
What is hemostasis? - ANSWER stoppage of bleeding
What is thrombocytopenia? - ANSWER low platelet count <150,000
Lymphoid Organs - ANSWER Sites of residence, proliferation, differentiation, and
function of lymphocytes and mononuclear phagocytes. Links the hematologic and
immune systems
What are the primary Lymphoid Organs? - ANSWER Thymus and bone marrow
What are the secondary Lymphoid Organs? - ANSWER Spleen, lymph nodes, tonsils,
Peyer patches of the small intestine
Lymphoid Organ: Spleen - ANSWER Largest secondary lymphoid organ
What are the functions of the spleen? - ANSWER Site of fetal hematopoietic, filters and
cleanses the blood
Lymphoid Organs: Lymph Nodes - ANSWER Provide filtration of the lymph. Transport
lymphatic fluid back into the circulation. First encounter between antigen and
lymphocytes.
100% Correct Answers
What are Erythrocytes? - ANSWER Red blood cells. The most abundant cells in the
blood, responsible for oxygenation of the tissues.
What is Hemoglobin? - ANSWER A protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen.
Special features of RBCs? - ANSWER Their size and shape. Bioncavity and reversible
deformity.
How long of a life cycle do RBCs have? - ANSWER 120 days
What are leukocytes? - ANSWER white blood cells
What do Leukocytes do? - ANSWER Defend the body against infection and remove
debris.
What is the normal level of leukocytes? - ANSWER 5000-10,000 cells
Plasma proteins: Albumins - ANSWER Function as carriers, control plasma oncotic
pressure.
Plasma proteins: Globulins - ANSWER Carrier proteins and immunoglobulins
(antibodies)
Plasma proteins: Clotting factors - ANSWER mainly fibrinogen
What are the cellular components of platelets? - ANSWER Thrombocytes
What are the types of Leukocytes? - ANSWER Granulocytes, agranulocytes
What are granulocytes? - ANSWER A type of leukocyte. Membrane bound granules are
in their cytoplasm. Contain enzymes capable of destroying microorganisms, catabolism
debris injested during phagocytosis.
Granulocytes: Neutrophils - ANSWER Most numerous. Defend against infection. Serve
as phagocytes in early inflammation, ingest and destroy microorganisms and debris and
then die in 1-2 days.
Granulocytes: Eosinophils - ANSWER Phagocytic; release toxics (cytokines); increase
and attack parasitic infections
Granulocytes: Basophils - ANSWER release histamine; work in allergic responses
Agranulocytes - ANSWER A group of leukocytes without granules in their cytoplasm.
Monocytes, lymphocytes, and natural killer cells.
, Agranulocytes: Monocytes and Macrophages - ANSWER Make up the mononuclear
phagocyte system. Found in tissue and lymphoid organs, provide the main line of
defense against bacteria in the bloodstream. Cleanse the blood by removing old,
injured, or dead blood cells.
Agranulocytes: Monocytes - ANSWER mature into macrophages in tissues where they
are phagocytic
Agranulocytes: Macrophages - ANSWER Clean up crew, initiate wound healing and
tissue remodeling.
Agranulocytes: Lymphocytes - ANSWER Major cells of the immune system; are mature
T, B, and plasma cells; life span varies
Agranulocytes: Natural Killer Cells - ANSWER Found mainly in the peripheral blood and
spleen, kill tumor cells and virally infected cells, produce cytokines involved in the
immune response
A person has an infection with early inflammation. What agranulocyte is the primary
immunogenic WBC? - ANSWER Lymphocyte
What are platelets? - ANSWER Cell fragments; blood components that contribute to the
blood-clotting process
What is the normal count of platelets? - ANSWER 140,000-340,000
What are risk factors for platelet dysfunction? - ANSWER Vitamin K deficiency, liver
disease, cardiovascular abnormalities, impaired hemostasis
What is hemostasis? - ANSWER stoppage of bleeding
What is thrombocytopenia? - ANSWER low platelet count <150,000
Lymphoid Organs - ANSWER Sites of residence, proliferation, differentiation, and
function of lymphocytes and mononuclear phagocytes. Links the hematologic and
immune systems
What are the primary Lymphoid Organs? - ANSWER Thymus and bone marrow
What are the secondary Lymphoid Organs? - ANSWER Spleen, lymph nodes, tonsils,
Peyer patches of the small intestine
Lymphoid Organ: Spleen - ANSWER Largest secondary lymphoid organ
What are the functions of the spleen? - ANSWER Site of fetal hematopoietic, filters and
cleanses the blood
Lymphoid Organs: Lymph Nodes - ANSWER Provide filtration of the lymph. Transport
lymphatic fluid back into the circulation. First encounter between antigen and
lymphocytes.
