UNMC PATHO EXAM 2 QUESTIONS | TESTED AND
PROVEN ANSWERS | LATEST UPDATE 2024/2025
100% (GRADE A+)
Function of the immune system
Ans>> 1) to protect the body from invasion by foreign antigens - foreign substances that trigger
the immune response
2) to identify and destroy potentially harmful cells
3) to remove cellular debris
What accomplishes the functions of the immune system?
Ans>> lymphoid organs & specifically designed lymphocytes through the process of antibody-
mediated immune response & cell-mediated immune response.
General types of immune alterations
- immune system acts inappropriately
Ans>> 1) Exaggerated
2) Misdirected against host's own cells
3) Directed against beneficial foreign tissues
1
,4) Deficiency / insufficient
What immune alterations are due to hypersensitivity reactions?
Ans>> 1) Exaggerated
2) Misdirected against host's own cells
3) Directed against beneficial foreign tissues
Exaggerated
Ans>> overreaction against environmental antigens
Allergic reaction = small
Anaphylactic reaction = same as allergic reaction, but bigger
Misdirected against host's own cells
Ans>> autoimmunity = sees own cells as being foreign & destroys them.
Directed against beneficial foreign tissues
2
,Ans>> isoimmunity = body's immune reponse against beneficial foreign tissue - i.e. organ
transplants
Hypersensitivity
Ans>> A pathologic immune response
An exaggerated AND inappropriate immune response
1) Exaggerated
2) Autoimmunity
3) Isoimmunity
Autoimmunity
Ans>> Breakdown of that "code of recognition"
Body's immune system begins to recognize self as foreign
Autoimmunity
Etiology
Ans>> Related To:
3
, Genetics
Exposure to antigens - thought to alter membranes and the expression of self-DNA, and induce
this autoimmunity
Isoimmunity
Ans>> Body's immune system reacts against tissues of usually other members of the same species
i.e. organ transplant
Types of Hypersensitivity
Ans>> 1) Type I - Allergy/Anaphylaxis
2) Type II - Tissue-specific reaction
3) Type III - Immune-complex mediated reactions
4) Type IV - Cell-mediated reactions
Hypersensitivity Type I
Ans>> Allergy / Anaphylaxis
IgE-mediated allergic reactions
4
PROVEN ANSWERS | LATEST UPDATE 2024/2025
100% (GRADE A+)
Function of the immune system
Ans>> 1) to protect the body from invasion by foreign antigens - foreign substances that trigger
the immune response
2) to identify and destroy potentially harmful cells
3) to remove cellular debris
What accomplishes the functions of the immune system?
Ans>> lymphoid organs & specifically designed lymphocytes through the process of antibody-
mediated immune response & cell-mediated immune response.
General types of immune alterations
- immune system acts inappropriately
Ans>> 1) Exaggerated
2) Misdirected against host's own cells
3) Directed against beneficial foreign tissues
1
,4) Deficiency / insufficient
What immune alterations are due to hypersensitivity reactions?
Ans>> 1) Exaggerated
2) Misdirected against host's own cells
3) Directed against beneficial foreign tissues
Exaggerated
Ans>> overreaction against environmental antigens
Allergic reaction = small
Anaphylactic reaction = same as allergic reaction, but bigger
Misdirected against host's own cells
Ans>> autoimmunity = sees own cells as being foreign & destroys them.
Directed against beneficial foreign tissues
2
,Ans>> isoimmunity = body's immune reponse against beneficial foreign tissue - i.e. organ
transplants
Hypersensitivity
Ans>> A pathologic immune response
An exaggerated AND inappropriate immune response
1) Exaggerated
2) Autoimmunity
3) Isoimmunity
Autoimmunity
Ans>> Breakdown of that "code of recognition"
Body's immune system begins to recognize self as foreign
Autoimmunity
Etiology
Ans>> Related To:
3
, Genetics
Exposure to antigens - thought to alter membranes and the expression of self-DNA, and induce
this autoimmunity
Isoimmunity
Ans>> Body's immune system reacts against tissues of usually other members of the same species
i.e. organ transplant
Types of Hypersensitivity
Ans>> 1) Type I - Allergy/Anaphylaxis
2) Type II - Tissue-specific reaction
3) Type III - Immune-complex mediated reactions
4) Type IV - Cell-mediated reactions
Hypersensitivity Type I
Ans>> Allergy / Anaphylaxis
IgE-mediated allergic reactions
4
