1. Which of the following structures is responsible for producing
cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)?
a) Pineal gland
b) Choroid plexus
c) Cerebellum
d) Corpus callosum
Answer: b) Choroid plexus
Rationale: The choroid plexus is responsible for producing
cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). It is located in the ventricles of the brain and
plays a critical role in maintaining the fluid environment around the
central nervous system (CNS).
2. Which of the following is the primary function of the erythrocytes
(red blood cells)?
a) Immune defense
b) Oxygen transport
c) Blood clotting
d) Hormone production
Answer: b) Oxygen transport
Rationale: Erythrocytes, or red blood cells, are primarily responsible for
transporting oxygen from the lungs to the tissues and carbon dioxide
from the tissues back to the lungs. They contain hemoglobin, which
binds to oxygen.
3. Which of the following hormones is secreted by the pancreas to
lower blood glucose levels?
,a) Insulin
b) Glucagon
c) Cortisol
d) Thyroxine
Answer: a) Insulin
Rationale: Insulin is a hormone produced by the beta cells of the
pancreas. It helps to lower blood glucose levels by facilitating the uptake
of glucose into cells for energy production or storage.
4. Which of the following is the primary function of the alveoli in the
lungs?
a) Filtration of blood
b) Gas exchange
c) Mucus production
d) Regulation of blood pressure
Answer: b) Gas exchange
Rationale: The alveoli are small, sac-like structures in the lungs where
the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide occurs between the air and
the blood. This process is critical for respiration.
5. The heart’s electrical conduction pathway starts in which part of
the heart?
a) Left atrium
b) Sinoatrial (SA) node
c) Right ventricle
d) Atrioventricular (AV) node
, Answer: b) Sinoatrial (SA) node
Rationale: The Sinoatrial (SA) node, located in the right atrium, is
known as the natural pacemaker of the heart. It initiates the electrical
impulses that regulate heart rate and rhythm.
6. Which of the following is true regarding the function of the
kidneys?
a) The kidneys produce insulin.
b) The kidneys help in regulating blood pressure.
c) The kidneys store bile for digestion.
d) The kidneys regulate red blood cell production in the bone marrow.
Answer: b) The kidneys help in regulating blood pressure.
Rationale: The kidneys play a crucial role in maintaining blood pressure
by regulating fluid balance and through the renin-angiotensin-
aldosterone system, which controls blood vessel constriction and sodium
retention.
7. Which layer of the skin contains collagen and elastin fibers that
provide strength and elasticity?
a) Epidermis
b) Dermis
c) Subcutaneous layer
d) Hypodermis
Answer: b) Dermis
Rationale: The dermis is the middle layer of the skin and contains
collagen and elastin fibers. These fibers provide strength, elasticity, and
cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)?
a) Pineal gland
b) Choroid plexus
c) Cerebellum
d) Corpus callosum
Answer: b) Choroid plexus
Rationale: The choroid plexus is responsible for producing
cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). It is located in the ventricles of the brain and
plays a critical role in maintaining the fluid environment around the
central nervous system (CNS).
2. Which of the following is the primary function of the erythrocytes
(red blood cells)?
a) Immune defense
b) Oxygen transport
c) Blood clotting
d) Hormone production
Answer: b) Oxygen transport
Rationale: Erythrocytes, or red blood cells, are primarily responsible for
transporting oxygen from the lungs to the tissues and carbon dioxide
from the tissues back to the lungs. They contain hemoglobin, which
binds to oxygen.
3. Which of the following hormones is secreted by the pancreas to
lower blood glucose levels?
,a) Insulin
b) Glucagon
c) Cortisol
d) Thyroxine
Answer: a) Insulin
Rationale: Insulin is a hormone produced by the beta cells of the
pancreas. It helps to lower blood glucose levels by facilitating the uptake
of glucose into cells for energy production or storage.
4. Which of the following is the primary function of the alveoli in the
lungs?
a) Filtration of blood
b) Gas exchange
c) Mucus production
d) Regulation of blood pressure
Answer: b) Gas exchange
Rationale: The alveoli are small, sac-like structures in the lungs where
the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide occurs between the air and
the blood. This process is critical for respiration.
5. The heart’s electrical conduction pathway starts in which part of
the heart?
a) Left atrium
b) Sinoatrial (SA) node
c) Right ventricle
d) Atrioventricular (AV) node
, Answer: b) Sinoatrial (SA) node
Rationale: The Sinoatrial (SA) node, located in the right atrium, is
known as the natural pacemaker of the heart. It initiates the electrical
impulses that regulate heart rate and rhythm.
6. Which of the following is true regarding the function of the
kidneys?
a) The kidneys produce insulin.
b) The kidneys help in regulating blood pressure.
c) The kidneys store bile for digestion.
d) The kidneys regulate red blood cell production in the bone marrow.
Answer: b) The kidneys help in regulating blood pressure.
Rationale: The kidneys play a crucial role in maintaining blood pressure
by regulating fluid balance and through the renin-angiotensin-
aldosterone system, which controls blood vessel constriction and sodium
retention.
7. Which layer of the skin contains collagen and elastin fibers that
provide strength and elasticity?
a) Epidermis
b) Dermis
c) Subcutaneous layer
d) Hypodermis
Answer: b) Dermis
Rationale: The dermis is the middle layer of the skin and contains
collagen and elastin fibers. These fibers provide strength, elasticity, and
