NURS 231 Portage Pathophysiology Module 4 Review.pdf file:///C:/Users/HP/Desktop/New%20folder/NURS%20231%20Porta
NURS 231 Portage Pathophysiology Module 4
Review Questions & Answers
1. What is the function of blood?
Answer Transport materials to and from the body's cells.
2. What are the three stages of hemostasis?
Answer Vascular constriction, platelet plug formation, blood coagulation
3. What is vitamin K needed to synthesize?
Answer Factors II, VII, IX, and X, prothrom- bin, and protein C
4. Discuss the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways.
Answer The intrinsic and extrinsic path- ways both form prothrombin activator. The
intrinsic pathway begins with activation of factor XII and can cause clotting in 1 to 6
minutes, considered the slower process. The extrinsic pathway can cause clotting in 15
seconds and begins with the release of tissue thromboplastin from the subendothelial
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,NURS 231 Portage Pathophysiology Module 4 Review.pdf file:///C:/Users/HP/Desktop/New%20folder/NURS%20231%20Porta
cells. Both pathways converge to activate factor X, the conversion of prothrombin to
thrombin.Thrombin then converts fibrinogen to fibrin, the material needed to stabilize
a clot. Both methods are needed for successful hemostasis.
5. What are the natural and drug therapy anticoagulants?
Answer Antithrombin III, protein C, protein S, warfarin, heparin, Dabigatran,
Rivaroxaban, Apixaban
6. What is peripheral vascular resistance?
Answer The collective resistance of all the vessels in the peripheral circulation
7. Hemodynamics or blood flow is affected by what factors?
Answer Pressure, resis- tance, flow, radius, blood viscosity, compliance, wall
tension
8. What is cardiac output?
Answer stroke volume x heart rate
9. What is preload?
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NURS 231 Portage Pathophysiology Module 4
Review Questions & Answers
1. What is the function of blood?
Answer Transport materials to and from the body's cells.
2. What are the three stages of hemostasis?
Answer Vascular constriction, platelet plug formation, blood coagulation
3. What is vitamin K needed to synthesize?
Answer Factors II, VII, IX, and X, prothrom- bin, and protein C
4. Discuss the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways.
Answer The intrinsic and extrinsic path- ways both form prothrombin activator. The
intrinsic pathway begins with activation of factor XII and can cause clotting in 1 to 6
minutes, considered the slower process. The extrinsic pathway can cause clotting in 15
seconds and begins with the release of tissue thromboplastin from the subendothelial
1/7
1 of 7 12/16/2024, 5:32
,NURS 231 Portage Pathophysiology Module 4 Review.pdf file:///C:/Users/HP/Desktop/New%20folder/NURS%20231%20Porta
cells. Both pathways converge to activate factor X, the conversion of prothrombin to
thrombin.Thrombin then converts fibrinogen to fibrin, the material needed to stabilize
a clot. Both methods are needed for successful hemostasis.
5. What are the natural and drug therapy anticoagulants?
Answer Antithrombin III, protein C, protein S, warfarin, heparin, Dabigatran,
Rivaroxaban, Apixaban
6. What is peripheral vascular resistance?
Answer The collective resistance of all the vessels in the peripheral circulation
7. Hemodynamics or blood flow is affected by what factors?
Answer Pressure, resis- tance, flow, radius, blood viscosity, compliance, wall
tension
8. What is cardiac output?
Answer stroke volume x heart rate
9. What is preload?
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