, Table of Contents v v
Chapter 01: Orientation to Pharmacology ........................................................................................................................... 5
v v v v
Chapter 02: Application of Pharmacology in Nursing Practice ........................................................................................... 6
v v v v v v v
Chapter 03: Drug Regulation, Development, Names, and Information ............................................................................. 11
v v v v v v v
Chapter 04: Pharmacokinetics........................................................................................................................................... 14
v v
Chapter 05: Pharmacodynamics ........................................................................................................................................ 19
v v
Chapter 06: Drug Interactions ........................................................................................................................................... 21
v v v
Chapter 07: Adverse Drug Reactions and Medication Errors ............................................................................................ 26
v v v v v v v
Chapter 08: Individual Variation To Drug Responses ....................................................................................................... 31
v v v v v v
Chapter 09: Genetic and Genomic Considerations ............................................................................................................ 35
v v v v v
Chapter 10: Introduction to Immunomodulators................................................................................................................ 38
v v v v
Chapter 11: Drug Therapy During Pregnancy and Breast-Feeding ................................................................................... 41
v v v v v v v
Chapter 12: Drug Therapy in Pediatric Patients ................................................................................................................ 44
v v v v v v
Chapter 13: Drug Therapy in Older Adults ....................................................................................................................... 48
v v v v v v
Chapter 14: Basic Principles of Neuropharmacology ........................................................................................................ 53
v v v v v
Chapter 15: Physiology of the Peripheral Nervous System ............................................................................................... 56
v v v v v v v
Chapter 16: Muscarinic Agonists ...................................................................................................................................... 59
v v v
Chapter 17: Muscarinic Antagonists ................................................................................................................................. 62
v v v
Chapter 18: Cholinesterase Inhibitors and Their Use in Myasthenia Gravis ..................................................................... 65
v v v v v v v v v
Chapter 19: Drugs That Block Nicotinic Cholinergic Transmission ................................................................................. 68
v v v v v v v
Chapter 20: Adrenergic Agonists ...................................................................................................................................... 72
v v v
Chapter 21: Adrenergic Antagonists ................................................................................................................................. 76
v v v
Chapter 22: Indirect-Acting Antiadrenergic Agents ......................................................................................................... 83
v v v v
Chapter 23: Introduction to Central Nervous System Pharmacology ................................................................................ 87
v v v v v v v
Chapter 24: Drugs for Parkinson Disease.......................................................................................................................... 90
v v v v v
Chapter 25: Drugs for Alzheimer Disease ......................................................................................................................... 95
v v v v v
Chapter 26: Drugs for Multiple Sclerosis .......................................................................................................................... 99
v v v v v
Chapter 27: Drugs for Seizure Disorders......................................................................................................................... 104
v v v v v
Chapter 28: Drugs for Muscle Spasm and Spasticity ...................................................................................................... 111
v v v v v v v
Chapter 29: Local Anesthetics ........................................................................................................................................ 114
v v v
Chapter 30: General Anesthetics ..................................................................................................................................... 118
v v v
Chapter 31: Opioid Analgesics, Opioid Antagonists, and Nonopioid Centrally ActingAnalgesics .................................. 124
v v v v v v v v v
Chapter 32: Pain Management in Patients with Cancer................................................................................................... 129
v v v v v v v
Chapter 33: Drugs for Headache ..................................................................................................................................... 136
v v v v
Chapter 34: Antipsychotic Agents and Their Use in Schizophrenia ................................................................................ 140
v v v v v v v v
Chapter 35: Antidepressants ........................................................................................................................................... 146
v v
Chapter 36: Drugs for Bipolar Disorder .......................................................................................................................... 152
v v v v v
Chapter 37: Sedative-Hypnotic Drugs ............................................................................................................................ 157
v v v
Chapter 38: Management of Anxiety Disorders .............................................................................................................. 162
v v v v v
Chapter 39: Central Nervous System Stimulants and Attention-Deficit/HyperactivityDisorder ...................................... 166
v v v v v v v
Chapter 40: Substance Use Disorders I: Basic Considerations ........................................................................................ 170
v v v v v v v
Chapter 41: Substance Use Disorders II: Alcohol ........................................................................................................... 174
v v v v v v
,Chapter 42: substance use disorders iii: Nicotine ........................................................................................................... 180
v v v v v v
Chapter 43: substance use disorders iv: Major Drugs of Abuse Other Than Alcohol andNicotine ................................. 184
v v v v v v v v v v v v v
Chapter 44: Diuretics ...................................................................................................................................................... 190
v v
Chapter 45: Agents Affecting the Volume and Ion Content of Body Fluids ................................................................... 194
v v v v v v v v v v v
Chapter 46: Review of Hemodynamics........................................................................................................................... 199
v v v v
Chapter 47: Drugs Acting on the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System ..................................................................... 201
v v v v v v v
Chapter 48: Calcium Channel Blockers .......................................................................................................................... 206
v v v v
Chapter 49: Vasodilators................................................................................................................................................. 208
v v
Chapter 50: Drugs for Hypertension ............................................................................................................................... 212
v v v v
Chapter 51: Drugs for Heart Failure ................................................................................................................................ 219
v v v v v
Chapter 52: Antidysrhythmic Drugs ................................................................................................................................ 226
v v v
Chapter 53: Drugs That Help Normalize Cholesterol and Triglyceride Levels ............................................................... 233
v v v v v v v v v
Chapter 54: Drugs for Angina Pectoris ........................................................................................................................... 239
v v v v v
Chapter 55: Anticoagulant, Antiplatelet, and Thrombolytic Drugs.................................................................................. 245
v v v v v v
Chapter 56: Management of ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction................................................................................... 252
v v v v v v
Chapter 57: Drugs for Hemophilia .................................................................................................................................. 256
v v v v
Chapter 58: Drugs for Deficiency Anemias .................................................................................................................... 260
v v v v v
Chapter 59: Hematopoietic Agents .................................................................................................................................. 266
v v v
Chapter 60: Drugs for Diabetes Mellitus ......................................................................................................................... 270
v v v v v
Chapter 61: Drugs for Thyroid Disorders........................................................................................................................ 276
v v v v v
Chapter 62: Drugs Related to Hypothalamic and Pituitary Function ............................................................................... 281
v v v v v v v v
Chapter 63: Drugs for Disorders of the Adrenal Cortex .................................................................................................. 285
v v v v v v v v
Chapter 64: Estrogens and Progestins: Basic Pharmacology and NoncontraceptiveApplications ................................... 289
v v v v v v v v
Chapter 65: Birth Control ............................................................................................................................................... 293
v v v
Chapter 66: Drug Therapy for Infertility ......................................................................................................................... 298
v v v v v
Chapter 67: Drugs That Affect Uterine Function ............................................................................................................ 302
v v v v v v
Chapter 68: Androgens ................................................................................................................................................... 307
v v
Chapter 69: Drugs for Erectile Dysfunction and Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia .............................................................. 311
v v v v v v v v v
Chapter 70: Review of the Immune System .................................................................................................................... 315
v v v v v v
Chapter 71: Childhood Immunization ............................................................................................................................. 319
v v v
Chapter 72: Immunosuppressants ................................................................................................................................... 324
v v
Chapter 73: Antihistamines............................................................................................................................................. 328
v v
Chapter 74: Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors, Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs andAcetaminophen ............................ 333
v v v v v v v
Chapter 75: Glucocorticoids in Nonendocrine Disorders ................................................................................................ 338
v v v v v
Chapter 76: Drug Therapy for Rheumatoid Arthritis....................................................................................................... 344
v v v v v v
Chapter 77: Drug Therapy for Gout ................................................................................................................................ 347
v v v v v
Chapter 78: Drugs Affecting Calcium Levels and Bone Mineralization ......................................................................... 350
v v v v v v v v
Chapter 79: Drugs for Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease .................................................................. 356
v v v v v v v v v
Chapter 80: Drugs for Allergic Rhinitis, Cough, and Colds............................................................................................. 363
v v v v v v v v
Chapter 81: Drugs for Peptic Ulcer Disease .................................................................................................................... 368
v v v v v v
Chapter 82: Laxatives ..................................................................................................................................................... 373
v v
Chapter 83: Other Gastrointestinal Drugs ........................................................................................................................ 378
v v v v
Chapter 84: Vitamins ...................................................................................................................................................... 385
v v
, Chapter 85: Drugs for Weight Loss................................................................................................................................. 391
v v v v v
Chapter 86: Complementary and Alternative Therapy .................................................................................................... 396
v v v v v
Chapter 87: Basic Principles of Antimicrobial Therapy .................................................................................................. 399
v v v v v v
Chapter 88: Drugs That Weaken the Bacterial Cell Wall I: Penicillins ........................................................................... 404
v v v v v v v v v v
Chapter 89: Drugs That Weaken the Bacterial Cell Wall II: Other Drugs....................................................................... 409
v v v v v v v v v v v
Chapter 90: Bacteriostatic Inhibitors of Protein Synthesis: Tetracyclines, Macrolides, andOthers .................................. 413
v v v v v v v v v
Chapter 91: Aminoglycosides: Bactericidal Inhibitors of Protein Synthesis.................................................................... 421
v v v v v v v
Chapter 92: Sulfonamides and Trimethoprim.................................................................................................................. 427
v v v v
Chapter 93: Drug Therapy for Urinary Tract Infections .................................................................................................. 431
v v v v v v v
Chapter 94: Antimycobacterial Agents ........................................................................................................................... 437
v v v
Chapter 95: Miscellaneous Antibacterial Drugs .............................................................................................................. 444
v v v v
Chapter 96: Antifungal Agents........................................................................................................................................ 448
v v v
Chapter 97: Antiviral Agents I: Drugs for Non-HIV Viral Infections ............................................................................. 455
v v v v v v v v v
Chapter 98: Antiviral Agents II: Drugs for HIV Infection and Related OpportunisticInfections ..................................... 460
v v v v v v v v v v v
Chapter 99: Drug Therapy for Sexually Transmitted Diseases ........................................................................................ 465
v v v v v v v
Chapter 100: Antiseptics and Disinfectants ..................................................................................................................... 469
v v v v
Chapter 101: Anthelmintics ............................................................................................................................................ 473
v v
Chapter 102: Antiprotozoal Drugs I: Antimalarial Agents............................................................................................... 476
v v v v v v
Chapter 103: Antiprotozoal Drugs II: Miscellaneous Agents .......................................................................................... 481
v v v v v v
Chapter 104: Ectoparasiticides ........................................................................................................................................ 483
v v
Chapter 105: Basic Principles of Cancer Chemotherapy ................................................................................................. 487
v v v v v v
Chapter 106: Anticancer Drugs I: Cytotoxic Agents ....................................................................................................... 493
v v v v v v
Chapter 107: Anticancer Drugs II: Noncytotoxic Agents ................................................................................................ 498
v v v v v v
Chapter 108: Drugs for the Eye ....................................................................................................................................... 502
v v v v v
Chapter 109: Drugs for the Skin ...................................................................................................................................... 507
v v v v v
Chapter 110: Drugs for the Ear........................................................................................................................................ 514
v v v v v
Chapter 111: Management of Poisoning ......................................................................................................................... 519
v v v v
Chapter 112: Potential Weapons of Biologic, Radiologic, and Chemical Terrorism........................................................ 523
v v v v v v v v v
Chapter 01: Orientation to Pharmacology ........................................................................................................................... 5
v v v v
Chapter 02: Application of Pharmacology in Nursing Practice ........................................................................................... 6
v v v v v v v
Chapter 03: Drug Regulation, Development, Names, and Information ............................................................................. 11
v v v v v v v
Chapter 04: Pharmacokinetics........................................................................................................................................... 14
v v
Chapter 05: Pharmacodynamics ........................................................................................................................................ 19
v v
Chapter 06: Drug Interactions ........................................................................................................................................... 21
v v v
Chapter 07: Adverse Drug Reactions and Medication Errors ............................................................................................ 26
v v v v v v v
Chapter 08: Individual Variation To Drug Responses ....................................................................................................... 31
v v v v v v
Chapter 09: Genetic and Genomic Considerations ............................................................................................................ 35
v v v v v
Chapter 10: Introduction to Immunomodulators................................................................................................................ 38
v v v v
Chapter 11: Drug Therapy During Pregnancy and Breast-Feeding ................................................................................... 41
v v v v v v v
Chapter 12: Drug Therapy in Pediatric Patients ................................................................................................................ 44
v v v v v v
Chapter 13: Drug Therapy in Older Adults ....................................................................................................................... 48
v v v v v v
Chapter 14: Basic Principles of Neuropharmacology ........................................................................................................ 53
v v v v v
Chapter 15: Physiology of the Peripheral Nervous System ............................................................................................... 56
v v v v v v v
Chapter 16: Muscarinic Agonists ...................................................................................................................................... 59
v v v
Chapter 17: Muscarinic Antagonists ................................................................................................................................. 62
v v v
Chapter 18: Cholinesterase Inhibitors and Their Use in Myasthenia Gravis ..................................................................... 65
v v v v v v v v v
Chapter 19: Drugs That Block Nicotinic Cholinergic Transmission ................................................................................. 68
v v v v v v v
Chapter 20: Adrenergic Agonists ...................................................................................................................................... 72
v v v
Chapter 21: Adrenergic Antagonists ................................................................................................................................. 76
v v v
Chapter 22: Indirect-Acting Antiadrenergic Agents ......................................................................................................... 83
v v v v
Chapter 23: Introduction to Central Nervous System Pharmacology ................................................................................ 87
v v v v v v v
Chapter 24: Drugs for Parkinson Disease.......................................................................................................................... 90
v v v v v
Chapter 25: Drugs for Alzheimer Disease ......................................................................................................................... 95
v v v v v
Chapter 26: Drugs for Multiple Sclerosis .......................................................................................................................... 99
v v v v v
Chapter 27: Drugs for Seizure Disorders......................................................................................................................... 104
v v v v v
Chapter 28: Drugs for Muscle Spasm and Spasticity ...................................................................................................... 111
v v v v v v v
Chapter 29: Local Anesthetics ........................................................................................................................................ 114
v v v
Chapter 30: General Anesthetics ..................................................................................................................................... 118
v v v
Chapter 31: Opioid Analgesics, Opioid Antagonists, and Nonopioid Centrally ActingAnalgesics .................................. 124
v v v v v v v v v
Chapter 32: Pain Management in Patients with Cancer................................................................................................... 129
v v v v v v v
Chapter 33: Drugs for Headache ..................................................................................................................................... 136
v v v v
Chapter 34: Antipsychotic Agents and Their Use in Schizophrenia ................................................................................ 140
v v v v v v v v
Chapter 35: Antidepressants ........................................................................................................................................... 146
v v
Chapter 36: Drugs for Bipolar Disorder .......................................................................................................................... 152
v v v v v
Chapter 37: Sedative-Hypnotic Drugs ............................................................................................................................ 157
v v v
Chapter 38: Management of Anxiety Disorders .............................................................................................................. 162
v v v v v
Chapter 39: Central Nervous System Stimulants and Attention-Deficit/HyperactivityDisorder ...................................... 166
v v v v v v v
Chapter 40: Substance Use Disorders I: Basic Considerations ........................................................................................ 170
v v v v v v v
Chapter 41: Substance Use Disorders II: Alcohol ........................................................................................................... 174
v v v v v v
,Chapter 42: substance use disorders iii: Nicotine ........................................................................................................... 180
v v v v v v
Chapter 43: substance use disorders iv: Major Drugs of Abuse Other Than Alcohol andNicotine ................................. 184
v v v v v v v v v v v v v
Chapter 44: Diuretics ...................................................................................................................................................... 190
v v
Chapter 45: Agents Affecting the Volume and Ion Content of Body Fluids ................................................................... 194
v v v v v v v v v v v
Chapter 46: Review of Hemodynamics........................................................................................................................... 199
v v v v
Chapter 47: Drugs Acting on the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System ..................................................................... 201
v v v v v v v
Chapter 48: Calcium Channel Blockers .......................................................................................................................... 206
v v v v
Chapter 49: Vasodilators................................................................................................................................................. 208
v v
Chapter 50: Drugs for Hypertension ............................................................................................................................... 212
v v v v
Chapter 51: Drugs for Heart Failure ................................................................................................................................ 219
v v v v v
Chapter 52: Antidysrhythmic Drugs ................................................................................................................................ 226
v v v
Chapter 53: Drugs That Help Normalize Cholesterol and Triglyceride Levels ............................................................... 233
v v v v v v v v v
Chapter 54: Drugs for Angina Pectoris ........................................................................................................................... 239
v v v v v
Chapter 55: Anticoagulant, Antiplatelet, and Thrombolytic Drugs.................................................................................. 245
v v v v v v
Chapter 56: Management of ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction................................................................................... 252
v v v v v v
Chapter 57: Drugs for Hemophilia .................................................................................................................................. 256
v v v v
Chapter 58: Drugs for Deficiency Anemias .................................................................................................................... 260
v v v v v
Chapter 59: Hematopoietic Agents .................................................................................................................................. 266
v v v
Chapter 60: Drugs for Diabetes Mellitus ......................................................................................................................... 270
v v v v v
Chapter 61: Drugs for Thyroid Disorders........................................................................................................................ 276
v v v v v
Chapter 62: Drugs Related to Hypothalamic and Pituitary Function ............................................................................... 281
v v v v v v v v
Chapter 63: Drugs for Disorders of the Adrenal Cortex .................................................................................................. 285
v v v v v v v v
Chapter 64: Estrogens and Progestins: Basic Pharmacology and NoncontraceptiveApplications ................................... 289
v v v v v v v v
Chapter 65: Birth Control ............................................................................................................................................... 293
v v v
Chapter 66: Drug Therapy for Infertility ......................................................................................................................... 298
v v v v v
Chapter 67: Drugs That Affect Uterine Function ............................................................................................................ 302
v v v v v v
Chapter 68: Androgens ................................................................................................................................................... 307
v v
Chapter 69: Drugs for Erectile Dysfunction and Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia .............................................................. 311
v v v v v v v v v
Chapter 70: Review of the Immune System .................................................................................................................... 315
v v v v v v
Chapter 71: Childhood Immunization ............................................................................................................................. 319
v v v
Chapter 72: Immunosuppressants ................................................................................................................................... 324
v v
Chapter 73: Antihistamines............................................................................................................................................. 328
v v
Chapter 74: Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors, Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs andAcetaminophen ............................ 333
v v v v v v v
Chapter 75: Glucocorticoids in Nonendocrine Disorders ................................................................................................ 338
v v v v v
Chapter 76: Drug Therapy for Rheumatoid Arthritis....................................................................................................... 344
v v v v v v
Chapter 77: Drug Therapy for Gout ................................................................................................................................ 347
v v v v v
Chapter 78: Drugs Affecting Calcium Levels and Bone Mineralization ......................................................................... 350
v v v v v v v v
Chapter 79: Drugs for Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease .................................................................. 356
v v v v v v v v v
Chapter 80: Drugs for Allergic Rhinitis, Cough, and Colds............................................................................................. 363
v v v v v v v v
Chapter 81: Drugs for Peptic Ulcer Disease .................................................................................................................... 368
v v v v v v
Chapter 82: Laxatives ..................................................................................................................................................... 373
v v
Chapter 83: Other Gastrointestinal Drugs ........................................................................................................................ 378
v v v v
Chapter 84: Vitamins ...................................................................................................................................................... 385
v v
, Chapter 85: Drugs for Weight Loss................................................................................................................................. 391
v v v v v
Chapter 86: Complementary and Alternative Therapy .................................................................................................... 396
v v v v v
Chapter 87: Basic Principles of Antimicrobial Therapy .................................................................................................. 399
v v v v v v
Chapter 88: Drugs That Weaken the Bacterial Cell Wall I: Penicillins ........................................................................... 404
v v v v v v v v v v
Chapter 89: Drugs That Weaken the Bacterial Cell Wall II: Other Drugs....................................................................... 409
v v v v v v v v v v v
Chapter 90: Bacteriostatic Inhibitors of Protein Synthesis: Tetracyclines, Macrolides, andOthers .................................. 413
v v v v v v v v v
Chapter 91: Aminoglycosides: Bactericidal Inhibitors of Protein Synthesis.................................................................... 421
v v v v v v v
Chapter 92: Sulfonamides and Trimethoprim.................................................................................................................. 427
v v v v
Chapter 93: Drug Therapy for Urinary Tract Infections .................................................................................................. 431
v v v v v v v
Chapter 94: Antimycobacterial Agents ........................................................................................................................... 437
v v v
Chapter 95: Miscellaneous Antibacterial Drugs .............................................................................................................. 444
v v v v
Chapter 96: Antifungal Agents........................................................................................................................................ 448
v v v
Chapter 97: Antiviral Agents I: Drugs for Non-HIV Viral Infections ............................................................................. 455
v v v v v v v v v
Chapter 98: Antiviral Agents II: Drugs for HIV Infection and Related OpportunisticInfections ..................................... 460
v v v v v v v v v v v
Chapter 99: Drug Therapy for Sexually Transmitted Diseases ........................................................................................ 465
v v v v v v v
Chapter 100: Antiseptics and Disinfectants ..................................................................................................................... 469
v v v v
Chapter 101: Anthelmintics ............................................................................................................................................ 473
v v
Chapter 102: Antiprotozoal Drugs I: Antimalarial Agents............................................................................................... 476
v v v v v v
Chapter 103: Antiprotozoal Drugs II: Miscellaneous Agents .......................................................................................... 481
v v v v v v
Chapter 104: Ectoparasiticides ........................................................................................................................................ 483
v v
Chapter 105: Basic Principles of Cancer Chemotherapy ................................................................................................. 487
v v v v v v
Chapter 106: Anticancer Drugs I: Cytotoxic Agents ....................................................................................................... 493
v v v v v v
Chapter 107: Anticancer Drugs II: Noncytotoxic Agents ................................................................................................ 498
v v v v v v
Chapter 108: Drugs for the Eye ....................................................................................................................................... 502
v v v v v
Chapter 109: Drugs for the Skin ...................................................................................................................................... 507
v v v v v
Chapter 110: Drugs for the Ear........................................................................................................................................ 514
v v v v v
Chapter 111: Management of Poisoning ......................................................................................................................... 519
v v v v
Chapter 112: Potential Weapons of Biologic, Radiologic, and Chemical Terrorism........................................................ 523
v v v v v v v v v
