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CRSS 4340 Test 1 Study Guide.
Definitions of Weeds - Answers✔-A plant out of place
-A plant that interferes with or reduces farm productivity
-A plant that thrives in habitats disturbed by people or a pioneer of secondary succession
-A plant growing where it is not wanted
-Any vegetation that interferes with the objectives of people
Ralph Waldo Emerson - Answers✔A weed is a plant whose virtues have not yet been discovered
Families of the world's worst weeds - Answers✔-Mustard
-Amaranths
-Compositae
-Legume
-Sedges
Characteristics of Weeds (1) - Answers✔Germination requirements fulfilled in many
environments
Characteristics of weeds (2) - Answers✔Discontinuous germination (internally controlled) due to
great longevity of seed
Characteristics of weeds (3) - Answers✔Rapid growth through vegetative phase to flowering
Characteristics of weeds (4) - Answers✔Continuous seed production for as long as growing
conditions permit
Characteristics of weeds (5) - Answers✔Self-compatibility but not autogamy or apomixis (plant
can fertilize itself)
Characteristics of weeds (6) - Answers✔Cross-pollination, when it occurs, by unspecialized
visitors or wind
Characteristics of weeds (7) - Answers✔Very high seed output in favorable environmental
circumstances
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Characteristics of weeds (8) - Answers✔Production of some seed in wide range of environmental
conditions; tolerance and plasticity
Characteristics of weeds (9) - Answers✔Adaptations for short-distance and long-distance
dispersal
Characteristics of weeds (10) - Answers✔If perennial, vigorous vegetative reproduction or
regeneration from fragments
Characteristics of weeds (11) - Answers✔If perennial, brittleness, so as to not be drawn from the
ground easily
Characteristics of weeds - Answers✔Ability to compete interspecifically by special means
Characteristics used to positively identify grasses - Answers✔-Ligules
-Auricles
-Sheaths
-Vernation
-Stem types
-Seedheads
-Midvein
-Pubescence
Simple Perennial - Answers✔overwinter by means of a vegetative structure, such as a perennial
root with a crown, but reproduce new plants almost entirely by seed. Do not spread by means of
vegetative structures
Simple perennial examples - Answers✔-Buckhorn Plantain
-dandelions
Winter annual - Answers✔complete life cycle during period from fall to spring (care when
preparing land for summer crops or when growing winter crops)
-germinate in fall and set seed in spring
winter annuals (grasses) - Answers✔-italian ryegrass
-annual bluegrass
winter annuals (broadleaf weeds) - Answers✔-chickweed
-cutleaf primrose
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CRSS 4340 Test 1 Study Guide.
Definitions of Weeds - Answers✔-A plant out of place
-A plant that interferes with or reduces farm productivity
-A plant that thrives in habitats disturbed by people or a pioneer of secondary succession
-A plant growing where it is not wanted
-Any vegetation that interferes with the objectives of people
Ralph Waldo Emerson - Answers✔A weed is a plant whose virtues have not yet been discovered
Families of the world's worst weeds - Answers✔-Mustard
-Amaranths
-Compositae
-Legume
-Sedges
Characteristics of Weeds (1) - Answers✔Germination requirements fulfilled in many
environments
Characteristics of weeds (2) - Answers✔Discontinuous germination (internally controlled) due to
great longevity of seed
Characteristics of weeds (3) - Answers✔Rapid growth through vegetative phase to flowering
Characteristics of weeds (4) - Answers✔Continuous seed production for as long as growing
conditions permit
Characteristics of weeds (5) - Answers✔Self-compatibility but not autogamy or apomixis (plant
can fertilize itself)
Characteristics of weeds (6) - Answers✔Cross-pollination, when it occurs, by unspecialized
visitors or wind
Characteristics of weeds (7) - Answers✔Very high seed output in favorable environmental
circumstances
1
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Characteristics of weeds (8) - Answers✔Production of some seed in wide range of environmental
conditions; tolerance and plasticity
Characteristics of weeds (9) - Answers✔Adaptations for short-distance and long-distance
dispersal
Characteristics of weeds (10) - Answers✔If perennial, vigorous vegetative reproduction or
regeneration from fragments
Characteristics of weeds (11) - Answers✔If perennial, brittleness, so as to not be drawn from the
ground easily
Characteristics of weeds - Answers✔Ability to compete interspecifically by special means
Characteristics used to positively identify grasses - Answers✔-Ligules
-Auricles
-Sheaths
-Vernation
-Stem types
-Seedheads
-Midvein
-Pubescence
Simple Perennial - Answers✔overwinter by means of a vegetative structure, such as a perennial
root with a crown, but reproduce new plants almost entirely by seed. Do not spread by means of
vegetative structures
Simple perennial examples - Answers✔-Buckhorn Plantain
-dandelions
Winter annual - Answers✔complete life cycle during period from fall to spring (care when
preparing land for summer crops or when growing winter crops)
-germinate in fall and set seed in spring
winter annuals (grasses) - Answers✔-italian ryegrass
-annual bluegrass
winter annuals (broadleaf weeds) - Answers✔-chickweed
-cutleaf primrose
2
