Teratogens Exam Questions and Answers 100% Pass

Teratogens Exam Questions and Answers 100% Pass Teratogen - ANSWER -Any agent or stubstanch which can cause developmental abnormalities in the embryo or fetus Teratogenicity - ANSWER -Capabiity of causing develomental abnormality Types of teratogens - ANSWER -Pharmaceuticals Alcohol Smoking Illegal drugs Infection Radiation Maternal disease Possible effects of a teratogen - ANSWER -No appaarent consequence Altered growth Abnormal growth in an organ system Carcinogenesis Embryonic/fetal death Most notorious teratogen - ANSWER -Thalidomide 2 | P a g e Created by Grace Amelia © 2025, All Rights Reserved. Thalidomide - ANSWER -Drug that was first invented and marketed as a sleeping pill and later prescribed topreven miscarriage. It was widely distribued in Europe and Australia Abnormalities caused by thalidomide - ANSWER -Almost complete absence of limb development. Humerus/radius/ulna severely shortened and hands almost directly attached to shoulder joint Drug that led to the passage of the FDA Pure Food and Drug Act of 1962 - ANSWER -Thalidomide Current drugs with known teratogenicity - ANSWER -Accutane Tetracycline Coumadin Anti-depressants Accutane - ANSWER -A vitamin A derivative used totreatesevere acne Tetracycline - ANSWER -Antibiotic Coumadin - ANSWER -Drug that inhibits or prevents clotting Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) - ANSWER -General term for the collective disorders caused by alcohol consumption during pregnancy. Clinical signs of FAS - ANSWER -Slowed growth Mild to severe devoleopmental delays Behavioral disturbances Craniofacial abnormalities (eg, microecephaly and visual impairments) Eyes may fail to develop (severe cases) Direct effect of smoking during pregnancy - ANSWER -Oxygen delivery to embryo/fetus reduced 3 | P a g e Created by Grace Amelia © 2025, All Rights Reserved. Reason oxygen delivered to embryo is reduced when mother smokes during pregnancy - ANSWER - The carbon monoxide in the smoke binds to the iron in hemoglobin ~300 times more strongly than oxygen Increased risks to the baby from smoking during pregnancy - ANSWER -Miscarriages (spontaneous abortions) Pre-term babies Low birth weight SIDS (sudden infant death syndrome) Increased risks to mother from smoking during pregnancy - ANSWER -Abruptio placentae Placenta previa Abruptio placentae - ANSWER -Premature separation of the placenta from the wall of the uterus. This causes severe hemorrhage to both mother and fetus Placenta previa - ANSWER -Abnormal placement of the placenta: Dangerously close to cervix or may completely overlap cervix Optimal placement of placenta - ANSWER -Upper uterine wall