Microbiology Chapter 3
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_gah0le
1. 4 Processes of Life growth, reproduction, responsiveness, metabolism
2. Prokaryotes kind of cell without a nucleus
3. eukaryote kind of cell with a nucleus
4. organelles specialized structures that act like tiny organs to
carry on the functions of the cell
5. glycocalyx gelantious, sticky substance that surrounds the
outside of a cell
6. capsule a glycocalyx of a bacterium composed of organic
chemicals firmly attached to the cell surface
7. slime layer a loose water-soluble glycocalyx, protect cells from
drying out
8. desciccation drying out
9. flagella long structures that extend beyond the cell surface
and propel a cell through the environment
10. 3 parts of a flagella filament, hook, basal body
11. peritrichous flagella flagella that cover the surface of a cell
12. polar flagella flagella only at the end of a cell
13. endoflagella flagella that spiral tightly around a cell instead of
protruding
14. taxis movement in response to stimuli
15. phototaxis movement in response to a light stimulus
16. chemotaxis movement in response to a chemical stimulus
17. fimbriae
1/5
, Microbiology Chapter 3
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_gah0le
sticky, bristle-like projections on bacteria to allow
them to adhere to substance sin the environment
or to each other
18. biofilms slimy masses of microbes adhering to a substrate
by means of fimbriae and glycocalyces
19. pili tubules composed of a protein called pilin, longer
than fimbriae, shorter than flagella
20. 4 functions of a cell wall 1. provide structure and shape to the cell
2. protect the cell from osmotic forces
3.assists in attaching to other cells
4. resists antimicrobial drugs
21. cocci spherical cells that appear singly, in chains, clus-
ters, or cuboidal packets
22. bacilli rod-shaped cells that appear singly or in chains
23. peptidoglycan complex polysaccaharide that makes up cell walls
24. glycan portions of pep- millions of NAG and NAM molecules that are co-
tidoglycan valantly linked in chains in which NAG alternates
with NAM
25. peptido portion of pep- crossbridges of 4 amino acids that attach chains of
tidoglycan NAG and NAM
26. 2 types of bacterial cell Gram-positive and Gram-negative
walls
27. cytoplasmic membrane beneath the glcocalyx and the cell wall, also called
the cell membrane or plasma membrane
28. phospholipid bilayer structure of the cytoplasmic membrane
29. hydrophilic attracted to water
30. hydrophobic repelled by water
2/5
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_gah0le
1. 4 Processes of Life growth, reproduction, responsiveness, metabolism
2. Prokaryotes kind of cell without a nucleus
3. eukaryote kind of cell with a nucleus
4. organelles specialized structures that act like tiny organs to
carry on the functions of the cell
5. glycocalyx gelantious, sticky substance that surrounds the
outside of a cell
6. capsule a glycocalyx of a bacterium composed of organic
chemicals firmly attached to the cell surface
7. slime layer a loose water-soluble glycocalyx, protect cells from
drying out
8. desciccation drying out
9. flagella long structures that extend beyond the cell surface
and propel a cell through the environment
10. 3 parts of a flagella filament, hook, basal body
11. peritrichous flagella flagella that cover the surface of a cell
12. polar flagella flagella only at the end of a cell
13. endoflagella flagella that spiral tightly around a cell instead of
protruding
14. taxis movement in response to stimuli
15. phototaxis movement in response to a light stimulus
16. chemotaxis movement in response to a chemical stimulus
17. fimbriae
1/5
, Microbiology Chapter 3
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_gah0le
sticky, bristle-like projections on bacteria to allow
them to adhere to substance sin the environment
or to each other
18. biofilms slimy masses of microbes adhering to a substrate
by means of fimbriae and glycocalyces
19. pili tubules composed of a protein called pilin, longer
than fimbriae, shorter than flagella
20. 4 functions of a cell wall 1. provide structure and shape to the cell
2. protect the cell from osmotic forces
3.assists in attaching to other cells
4. resists antimicrobial drugs
21. cocci spherical cells that appear singly, in chains, clus-
ters, or cuboidal packets
22. bacilli rod-shaped cells that appear singly or in chains
23. peptidoglycan complex polysaccaharide that makes up cell walls
24. glycan portions of pep- millions of NAG and NAM molecules that are co-
tidoglycan valantly linked in chains in which NAG alternates
with NAM
25. peptido portion of pep- crossbridges of 4 amino acids that attach chains of
tidoglycan NAG and NAM
26. 2 types of bacterial cell Gram-positive and Gram-negative
walls
27. cytoplasmic membrane beneath the glcocalyx and the cell wall, also called
the cell membrane or plasma membrane
28. phospholipid bilayer structure of the cytoplasmic membrane
29. hydrophilic attracted to water
30. hydrophobic repelled by water
2/5
