,Chapter 1: Chemical Foundations
n n n
1. Which of the following is an example of a quantitative observation?
n n n n n n n n n n
A) The piece of metal is longer than the piece of wood.
n n n n n n n n n n
B) Solution 1 is much darker than solution 2.
n n n n n n n
C) The liquid in beaker A is blue.
n n n n n n
D) The temperature of the liquid is 60°C.
n n n n n n
E) At least two of the above (A-D) are quantitative observations.
n n n n n n n n n
ANS: D DIF: Easy
n REF: 1.2
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | scientific method
n n n n n n n n n n
MSC: Conceptual
n n
2. A quantitative observation
n n
A) contains a number and a unit n n n n n
B) does not contain a numbern n n n
C) always makes a comparison n n n
D) must be obtained through experimentation
n n n n
E) is none of these
n n n
ANS: A DIF: Easy
n REF: 1.2
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | scientific method
n n n n n n n n n n
MSC: Conceptual
n n
3. Generally, observed behavior that can be formulated into a statement, sometimes
n n n n n n n n n n
mathematical in nature, is called a(n)
n n n n n n
A) observation
B) measurement
C) theory
D) natural law n
E) experiment
ANS: D DIF: Easy
n REF: 1.2
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | scientific method
n n n n n n n n n n
MSC: Conceptual
n n
4. The statement “The total mass of materials is not affected by a chemical change in those
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
materials” is called a(n)
n n n n
A) observation
B) measurement
C) theory
D) natural law n
E) experiment
ANS: D DIF: Easy
n REF: 1.2
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | scientific method
n n n n n n n n n n
MSC: Conceptual
n n
5. A chemical theory that has been known for a long time becomes a law.
n n n n n n n n n n n n n
, ANS: F DIF: Easy
n REF: 1.2
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | scientific method
n n n n n n n n n n
MSC: Conceptual
n n
6. Which of the following metric relationships is incorrect?
n n n n n n n
A) 1 microliter = 10–6 liters
n n n n
B) 1 gram = 103 kilograms
n n n n
C) 103 milliliters = 1 liter n n n n
D) 1 gram = 102 centigrams
n n n n
E) 10 decimeters = 1 meter
n n n n
ANS: B DIF: Easy
n REF: 1.3
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | measurement | SI unit | prefixes
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
MSC: Quantitative
n n
7. For which pair is the SI prefix not matched correctly with its meaning?
n n n n n n n n n n n n
A)
n n
B)
C)
D) n
E)
ANS: C DIF: Easy
n REF: 1.3
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | measurement | SI unit | prefixes
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
MSC: Conceptual
n n
8. A metric unit for length is
n n n n n
A) gram
B) milliliter
C) yard
D) kilometer
E) pound
ANS: D DIF: Easy
n REF: 1.3
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | measurement | SI unit | base unit
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
MSC: Conceptual
n n
9. Which of the following is not a unit in the SI system?
n n n n n n n n n n n
A) ampere
B) candela
C) Kelvin
D) meter
E) calorie
ANS: E DIF: Easy
n REF: 1.3
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | measurement | SI unit | base unit
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
MSC: Conceptual
n n
10. Order the four metric prefixes from smallest to largest.
n n n n n n n n
, A) nano- < milli- < centi- < kilo-
n n n n n n
B) milli- < nano- < centi- < kilo-
n n n n n n
C) kilo- < centi- < nano- < milli-
n n n n n n
D) kilo- < centi- < milli- < nano-
n n n n n n
E) centi- < nano- < kilo- < milli-
n n n n n n
ANS: A DIF: Easy
n REF: 1.3
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | measurement | SI unit | prefixes
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
MSC: Conceptual
n n
11. 8.1 kilogram(s) contains this many grams.
n n n n n
A) 8.1 102
n n n n
B) 8.1 103
n n n
C) 81n
D) 0.81
n
E) 8.1 10−3
n n n
ANS: B DIF: Easy
n REF: 1.3
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | measurement | SI unit | mass
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
MSC: Conceptual
n n
12. Convert 0.3980 m to mm. n n n n
A)
n
B)
C)
D)
E)
ANS: A DIF: Easy
n REF: 1.3
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | measurement | SI unit | prefixes
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
MSC: Conceptual
n n
13. 6.1 seconds contain this many picoseconds.
n n n n n
A) 6.1 1012
n n n n
B) 6.1 10−12
n n n
C) 6.1 10−9
n n n
D) 6.1 109
n n n
E) 6.1 1015
n n n
ANS: A DIF: Easy
n REF: 1.3
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | measurement | SI unit | prefixes
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
MSC: Conceptual
n n
14. 9.49 seconds contain this many nanoseconds.
n n n n n
A) 9.49 107
n n n n
B) 9.49 109
n n n
C) 9.49 1012
n n n
D) 9.49 1010
n n n
E) 9.49 108
n n n
n n n
1. Which of the following is an example of a quantitative observation?
n n n n n n n n n n
A) The piece of metal is longer than the piece of wood.
n n n n n n n n n n
B) Solution 1 is much darker than solution 2.
n n n n n n n
C) The liquid in beaker A is blue.
n n n n n n
D) The temperature of the liquid is 60°C.
n n n n n n
E) At least two of the above (A-D) are quantitative observations.
n n n n n n n n n
ANS: D DIF: Easy
n REF: 1.2
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | scientific method
n n n n n n n n n n
MSC: Conceptual
n n
2. A quantitative observation
n n
A) contains a number and a unit n n n n n
B) does not contain a numbern n n n
C) always makes a comparison n n n
D) must be obtained through experimentation
n n n n
E) is none of these
n n n
ANS: A DIF: Easy
n REF: 1.2
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | scientific method
n n n n n n n n n n
MSC: Conceptual
n n
3. Generally, observed behavior that can be formulated into a statement, sometimes
n n n n n n n n n n
mathematical in nature, is called a(n)
n n n n n n
A) observation
B) measurement
C) theory
D) natural law n
E) experiment
ANS: D DIF: Easy
n REF: 1.2
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | scientific method
n n n n n n n n n n
MSC: Conceptual
n n
4. The statement “The total mass of materials is not affected by a chemical change in those
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
materials” is called a(n)
n n n n
A) observation
B) measurement
C) theory
D) natural law n
E) experiment
ANS: D DIF: Easy
n REF: 1.2
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | scientific method
n n n n n n n n n n
MSC: Conceptual
n n
5. A chemical theory that has been known for a long time becomes a law.
n n n n n n n n n n n n n
, ANS: F DIF: Easy
n REF: 1.2
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | scientific method
n n n n n n n n n n
MSC: Conceptual
n n
6. Which of the following metric relationships is incorrect?
n n n n n n n
A) 1 microliter = 10–6 liters
n n n n
B) 1 gram = 103 kilograms
n n n n
C) 103 milliliters = 1 liter n n n n
D) 1 gram = 102 centigrams
n n n n
E) 10 decimeters = 1 meter
n n n n
ANS: B DIF: Easy
n REF: 1.3
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | measurement | SI unit | prefixes
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
MSC: Quantitative
n n
7. For which pair is the SI prefix not matched correctly with its meaning?
n n n n n n n n n n n n
A)
n n
B)
C)
D) n
E)
ANS: C DIF: Easy
n REF: 1.3
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | measurement | SI unit | prefixes
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
MSC: Conceptual
n n
8. A metric unit for length is
n n n n n
A) gram
B) milliliter
C) yard
D) kilometer
E) pound
ANS: D DIF: Easy
n REF: 1.3
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | measurement | SI unit | base unit
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
MSC: Conceptual
n n
9. Which of the following is not a unit in the SI system?
n n n n n n n n n n n
A) ampere
B) candela
C) Kelvin
D) meter
E) calorie
ANS: E DIF: Easy
n REF: 1.3
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | measurement | SI unit | base unit
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
MSC: Conceptual
n n
10. Order the four metric prefixes from smallest to largest.
n n n n n n n n
, A) nano- < milli- < centi- < kilo-
n n n n n n
B) milli- < nano- < centi- < kilo-
n n n n n n
C) kilo- < centi- < nano- < milli-
n n n n n n
D) kilo- < centi- < milli- < nano-
n n n n n n
E) centi- < nano- < kilo- < milli-
n n n n n n
ANS: A DIF: Easy
n REF: 1.3
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | measurement | SI unit | prefixes
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
MSC: Conceptual
n n
11. 8.1 kilogram(s) contains this many grams.
n n n n n
A) 8.1 102
n n n n
B) 8.1 103
n n n
C) 81n
D) 0.81
n
E) 8.1 10−3
n n n
ANS: B DIF: Easy
n REF: 1.3
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | measurement | SI unit | mass
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
MSC: Conceptual
n n
12. Convert 0.3980 m to mm. n n n n
A)
n
B)
C)
D)
E)
ANS: A DIF: Easy
n REF: 1.3
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | measurement | SI unit | prefixes
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
MSC: Conceptual
n n
13. 6.1 seconds contain this many picoseconds.
n n n n n
A) 6.1 1012
n n n n
B) 6.1 10−12
n n n
C) 6.1 10−9
n n n
D) 6.1 109
n n n
E) 6.1 1015
n n n
ANS: A DIF: Easy
n REF: 1.3
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | measurement | SI unit | prefixes
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
MSC: Conceptual
n n
14. 9.49 seconds contain this many nanoseconds.
n n n n n
A) 9.49 107
n n n n
B) 9.49 109
n n n
C) 9.49 1012
n n n
D) 9.49 1010
n n n
E) 9.49 108
n n n
