Cellular Biochemistry/Cell Structure &
Function Exam Questions and Answers
100% Solved
chlorophyll - ✔✔green pigment that enables photosynthesis
endoplasmic reticulum - ✔✔transports substances throughout the cell like a
highway
ribosomes - ✔✔links amino acids together to make proteins
nucleus - ✔✔houses the DNA, directs all cellular activities
golgi body - ✔✔modifies substances prior to delivery throughout the cell
lysosome - ✔✔digestive enzymes in these sacs break down large particles
mitochondria - ✔✔breaks down food and makes ATP for the cell
cell wall - ✔✔provides strength and rigidity to plant cells, not present in
animal cells
cell membrane - ✔✔gives the cell shape and controls what comes in and
out
1
©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
, vacuole - ✔✔storage areas for necessary materials and wastes
photosynthesis - ✔✔conversion of light energy from the sun into chemical
energy in the form of organic compounds, primarily carbohydrates; CO2 +
H2O yields C6 H12 O6 and O2
respiration - ✔✔ATP is a product of this reaction; oxygen + glucose broken
down by mitochondria ----> CO2 and H2O and ATP
passive transport - ✔✔movement of materials across the cell membrane
that requires no energy
diffusion - ✔✔the movement of a substance from where there is more of it
to where there is less - air freshener
osmosis - ✔✔movement of water across a membrane from where there is
more to where there is less - vegetables placed in cold water will absorb it,
making them crunchy and crisp
facilitated diffusion - ✔✔a substance moving across the membrane is aided
by another molecule - sodium ions help glucose pass through the
membrane to get to mitochondria
active transport - ✔✔movement of materials across the membrane that
requires energy to do so, in the form of ATP
2
©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
Function Exam Questions and Answers
100% Solved
chlorophyll - ✔✔green pigment that enables photosynthesis
endoplasmic reticulum - ✔✔transports substances throughout the cell like a
highway
ribosomes - ✔✔links amino acids together to make proteins
nucleus - ✔✔houses the DNA, directs all cellular activities
golgi body - ✔✔modifies substances prior to delivery throughout the cell
lysosome - ✔✔digestive enzymes in these sacs break down large particles
mitochondria - ✔✔breaks down food and makes ATP for the cell
cell wall - ✔✔provides strength and rigidity to plant cells, not present in
animal cells
cell membrane - ✔✔gives the cell shape and controls what comes in and
out
1
©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
, vacuole - ✔✔storage areas for necessary materials and wastes
photosynthesis - ✔✔conversion of light energy from the sun into chemical
energy in the form of organic compounds, primarily carbohydrates; CO2 +
H2O yields C6 H12 O6 and O2
respiration - ✔✔ATP is a product of this reaction; oxygen + glucose broken
down by mitochondria ----> CO2 and H2O and ATP
passive transport - ✔✔movement of materials across the cell membrane
that requires no energy
diffusion - ✔✔the movement of a substance from where there is more of it
to where there is less - air freshener
osmosis - ✔✔movement of water across a membrane from where there is
more to where there is less - vegetables placed in cold water will absorb it,
making them crunchy and crisp
facilitated diffusion - ✔✔a substance moving across the membrane is aided
by another molecule - sodium ions help glucose pass through the
membrane to get to mitochondria
active transport - ✔✔movement of materials across the membrane that
requires energy to do so, in the form of ATP
2
©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
