SFL 210- Human Development- Exam 2
questions with verified solutions
classical conditioning (conditioned/ unconditioned/ neutral) - correct answer ✔✔pairing with a stimulus
to produce a response.
example: His son would arch his back when he heard sheets, pair the sound of sheets to being picked up
Newborn eye blink reflex - correct answer ✔✔Stimulation: shine a bright light, or clap hand by infants
head
Response: Shut eyelids
Age of disappearance: permanent
Function: protect from a strong stimulus
Newborn rooting reflex - correct answer ✔✔Stimulation: stroke infant cheek close to the corner of the
mouth
Response: will turn head towards stimulation
Age of disappearance: After 3 weeks becomes voluntary
Function: Help finding the nipple
Newborn Sucking Reflex - correct answer ✔✔Stimulation: place finger in the infant's mouth
Response: infant will suck on finger in a rhythmic way
Age of disappearance: replaced by voluntary sucking after 4 months
Function: permits feeding
Newborn swimming Reflex - correct answer ✔✔Stimulation: throw infant in water
Response: infant will swim
Age of disappearance: 4-6 months
,Function: to help the infant survive if thrown into water
Newborn Moro Reflex - correct answer ✔✔Stimulation: hold infant horizontal, drop head or produce
sound near head
Response: infant will make an imbracing motion
Age of disappearance: 6 months
Function: may help the infant cling to mother
Newborn Palmar Grasp Reflex - correct answer ✔✔Stimulation: finger to infant palm
Response: infant will grab finger
Age of disappearance: 3-4 months
Function: prepares infant for voluntary grasping
Newborn Tonic Neck Reflex - correct answer ✔✔Stimulation: turn the babies head one direction while
lying awake on back
Response: infant lies in "Fencing Position"
Age of disappearance: 4 months
Function: prep for voluntary reaching
newborn stepping reflex - correct answer ✔✔Stimulation: hold infant under arms and place its feet on
the ground
Response: infant will make stepping motions with feet
Age of disappearance: 2 months in fat babies, longer for skinny ones
Function: prep for voluntary walking
Newborn Babinski Reflex - correct answer ✔✔Stimulation: stroke foot, toe to heel
Response: infant will fan out and curl toes while foot tilts away
Age of disappearance: 8-12 months
Function: unknown
, Ways to soothe a newborn - correct answer ✔✔-Talk softly or play rhythmic sounds
-Offer a pacifier
-Massage the baby's body
-Swaddle the baby
-Lift the baby to the shoulder and rock or walk
-Take the baby for a short car ride or a walk in a baby -carriage; swing the baby in a cradle
-Combine several of the methods just listed
-If these methods do not work, let the baby cry for a short period.
state of arousal: Regular or NREM sleep - correct answer ✔✔The infant is at full rest and shows little to
no body activity. Eyelids are closed, face is relaxed, breathing is regular. (8-9 hrs)
state of arousal: Irregular or REM sleep in infants - correct answer ✔✔Gentle limb movements,
occasional stirring and facial grimacing. Although eyelids are closed, occasional rapid eye movement can
be seen beneath them. Breathing is irregular (8-9 hrs)
State of Arousal: Drowsiness - correct answer ✔✔infant is either falling asleep or waking up. Body is less
active than in irregular sleep, but more active than in regular sleep. The eyes open and close, and have a
glazed look. (Varies)
state of arousal: Quiet alertness - correct answer ✔✔infant's body is relatively inactive, eyes open,
attentive & breathing is even (2-3 hrs).
state of arousal: Waking activity and crying - correct answer ✔✔Infant shows frequent bursts of
uncoordinated body activity. Breathing is very irregular, the face can be relaxed or tense and wrinkled.
May cry (1-4 hrs)
Definition and application of Habituation - correct answer ✔✔A gradual reduction in the strength of a
response due to repetitive stimulation.
Definition and application of recovery - correct answer ✔✔Following habituation, increase in
responsiveness due to a new stimulus.
questions with verified solutions
classical conditioning (conditioned/ unconditioned/ neutral) - correct answer ✔✔pairing with a stimulus
to produce a response.
example: His son would arch his back when he heard sheets, pair the sound of sheets to being picked up
Newborn eye blink reflex - correct answer ✔✔Stimulation: shine a bright light, or clap hand by infants
head
Response: Shut eyelids
Age of disappearance: permanent
Function: protect from a strong stimulus
Newborn rooting reflex - correct answer ✔✔Stimulation: stroke infant cheek close to the corner of the
mouth
Response: will turn head towards stimulation
Age of disappearance: After 3 weeks becomes voluntary
Function: Help finding the nipple
Newborn Sucking Reflex - correct answer ✔✔Stimulation: place finger in the infant's mouth
Response: infant will suck on finger in a rhythmic way
Age of disappearance: replaced by voluntary sucking after 4 months
Function: permits feeding
Newborn swimming Reflex - correct answer ✔✔Stimulation: throw infant in water
Response: infant will swim
Age of disappearance: 4-6 months
,Function: to help the infant survive if thrown into water
Newborn Moro Reflex - correct answer ✔✔Stimulation: hold infant horizontal, drop head or produce
sound near head
Response: infant will make an imbracing motion
Age of disappearance: 6 months
Function: may help the infant cling to mother
Newborn Palmar Grasp Reflex - correct answer ✔✔Stimulation: finger to infant palm
Response: infant will grab finger
Age of disappearance: 3-4 months
Function: prepares infant for voluntary grasping
Newborn Tonic Neck Reflex - correct answer ✔✔Stimulation: turn the babies head one direction while
lying awake on back
Response: infant lies in "Fencing Position"
Age of disappearance: 4 months
Function: prep for voluntary reaching
newborn stepping reflex - correct answer ✔✔Stimulation: hold infant under arms and place its feet on
the ground
Response: infant will make stepping motions with feet
Age of disappearance: 2 months in fat babies, longer for skinny ones
Function: prep for voluntary walking
Newborn Babinski Reflex - correct answer ✔✔Stimulation: stroke foot, toe to heel
Response: infant will fan out and curl toes while foot tilts away
Age of disappearance: 8-12 months
Function: unknown
, Ways to soothe a newborn - correct answer ✔✔-Talk softly or play rhythmic sounds
-Offer a pacifier
-Massage the baby's body
-Swaddle the baby
-Lift the baby to the shoulder and rock or walk
-Take the baby for a short car ride or a walk in a baby -carriage; swing the baby in a cradle
-Combine several of the methods just listed
-If these methods do not work, let the baby cry for a short period.
state of arousal: Regular or NREM sleep - correct answer ✔✔The infant is at full rest and shows little to
no body activity. Eyelids are closed, face is relaxed, breathing is regular. (8-9 hrs)
state of arousal: Irregular or REM sleep in infants - correct answer ✔✔Gentle limb movements,
occasional stirring and facial grimacing. Although eyelids are closed, occasional rapid eye movement can
be seen beneath them. Breathing is irregular (8-9 hrs)
State of Arousal: Drowsiness - correct answer ✔✔infant is either falling asleep or waking up. Body is less
active than in irregular sleep, but more active than in regular sleep. The eyes open and close, and have a
glazed look. (Varies)
state of arousal: Quiet alertness - correct answer ✔✔infant's body is relatively inactive, eyes open,
attentive & breathing is even (2-3 hrs).
state of arousal: Waking activity and crying - correct answer ✔✔Infant shows frequent bursts of
uncoordinated body activity. Breathing is very irregular, the face can be relaxed or tense and wrinkled.
May cry (1-4 hrs)
Definition and application of Habituation - correct answer ✔✔A gradual reduction in the strength of a
response due to repetitive stimulation.
Definition and application of recovery - correct answer ✔✔Following habituation, increase in
responsiveness due to a new stimulus.
