ATI MATERNAL NEWBORN PROCTORED 2024
EXAM WITH NGN QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS.
Maternal Newborn Nursing
The neonatal period - ANSWER from birth through the first 28
days of life
Approximately _______ of amniotic fluid is forced out of the
lungs in the delivery process. - ANSWER 30mL
Ductus venous - ANSWER Clamping of the cord causes
constriction of the vessels and closure of the ductus venous
immediately.
- closes by the 3rd day of life
Foramen ovale - ANSWER opening between the right atrium
and the left atrium
- closes when the left atrial pressure is higher than the right atrial
pressure
Ductus arteriosus - ANSWER connects the pulmonary artery
with the descending aorta
- usually closes within 15 hours post birth
Signs of Respiratory Distress - ANSWER Cyanosis
Apnea/tachypnea
Retractions
Grunting
,Flaring of nostrils
Hypotonia
Important newborn assessments - ANSWER Monitor
temperature, heart rate, respiratory rate and effort, skin color,
level of consciousness, tone, activity.
Apgar scoring - ANSWER Taken at 1 and 5 minutes after birth
Neutral thermal environment [NTE] - ANSWER An environment
that maintains body temperature with minimal metabolic changes
and /or oxygen consumption.
Factors that negatively affect thermoregulation - ANSWER
Decreased subcutaneous fat
Decreased brown fat in preterm infants
Large body surface
Loss of heat from convection, radiation, conduction, and/or
evaporation
Brown fat / Non-shivering thermogenesis - ANSWER Located in
the neck, thorax, axilla, scapular areas, around adrenal glands
and kidneys. It increases metabolism, heat production once used
it is not replenished. Neonates are at higher risk of
thermoregulatory issues because of higher body surface area to
body mass ratio, higher metabolic rates, and immature
thermoregulatory abilities.
Evaporation - ANSWER Loss of heat through conversion of
liquid to vapor
Directly after birth or bathing
Convection - ANSWER Loss of heat from infant's warm body to
cooler air currents.
Drafts from windows, AC or oxygen masks
, Conduction - ANSWER Transfer of heat from cooler surface by
direct contact.
Cold hands, cold equipment
Radiation - ANSWER Transfer of heat to a colder solid object
not in contact with infant.
Cold wall of isolette or cold equipment near infant
Temperature that indicates cold stress - ANSWER Less than or
equal to 36 C / 97.6 F
Who is at risk for cold stress - ANSWER Premature infants,
SGA, hypoglycemia, prolonged resuscitation efforts, sepsis ,
neurological, endocrine or cardiorespiratory problems
Signs and symptoms of cold stress - ANSWER Cool skin,
lethargy, pallor, tachypnea, grunting, hypoglycemia, hypotonia,
jitteriness, weak suck
Blood glucose that indicates hypoglycemia - ANSWER Less
than 40
Who is at risk for hypoglycemia - ANSWER Diabetic moms,
LGA, post/ preterm infants, SGA, hypothermia, infection,
respiratory distress, resuscitation, birth trauma
Signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia - ANSWER Jitteriness,
hypotonia, lethargy, irritability, apnea, temperature instability
Indirect Bilirubin - ANSWER Fat soluable, produced from
breakdown of RBC
Direct Bilirubin - ANSWER Water soluble, converted from
indirect bilirubin by liver enzymes
EXAM WITH NGN QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS.
Maternal Newborn Nursing
The neonatal period - ANSWER from birth through the first 28
days of life
Approximately _______ of amniotic fluid is forced out of the
lungs in the delivery process. - ANSWER 30mL
Ductus venous - ANSWER Clamping of the cord causes
constriction of the vessels and closure of the ductus venous
immediately.
- closes by the 3rd day of life
Foramen ovale - ANSWER opening between the right atrium
and the left atrium
- closes when the left atrial pressure is higher than the right atrial
pressure
Ductus arteriosus - ANSWER connects the pulmonary artery
with the descending aorta
- usually closes within 15 hours post birth
Signs of Respiratory Distress - ANSWER Cyanosis
Apnea/tachypnea
Retractions
Grunting
,Flaring of nostrils
Hypotonia
Important newborn assessments - ANSWER Monitor
temperature, heart rate, respiratory rate and effort, skin color,
level of consciousness, tone, activity.
Apgar scoring - ANSWER Taken at 1 and 5 minutes after birth
Neutral thermal environment [NTE] - ANSWER An environment
that maintains body temperature with minimal metabolic changes
and /or oxygen consumption.
Factors that negatively affect thermoregulation - ANSWER
Decreased subcutaneous fat
Decreased brown fat in preterm infants
Large body surface
Loss of heat from convection, radiation, conduction, and/or
evaporation
Brown fat / Non-shivering thermogenesis - ANSWER Located in
the neck, thorax, axilla, scapular areas, around adrenal glands
and kidneys. It increases metabolism, heat production once used
it is not replenished. Neonates are at higher risk of
thermoregulatory issues because of higher body surface area to
body mass ratio, higher metabolic rates, and immature
thermoregulatory abilities.
Evaporation - ANSWER Loss of heat through conversion of
liquid to vapor
Directly after birth or bathing
Convection - ANSWER Loss of heat from infant's warm body to
cooler air currents.
Drafts from windows, AC or oxygen masks
, Conduction - ANSWER Transfer of heat from cooler surface by
direct contact.
Cold hands, cold equipment
Radiation - ANSWER Transfer of heat to a colder solid object
not in contact with infant.
Cold wall of isolette or cold equipment near infant
Temperature that indicates cold stress - ANSWER Less than or
equal to 36 C / 97.6 F
Who is at risk for cold stress - ANSWER Premature infants,
SGA, hypoglycemia, prolonged resuscitation efforts, sepsis ,
neurological, endocrine or cardiorespiratory problems
Signs and symptoms of cold stress - ANSWER Cool skin,
lethargy, pallor, tachypnea, grunting, hypoglycemia, hypotonia,
jitteriness, weak suck
Blood glucose that indicates hypoglycemia - ANSWER Less
than 40
Who is at risk for hypoglycemia - ANSWER Diabetic moms,
LGA, post/ preterm infants, SGA, hypothermia, infection,
respiratory distress, resuscitation, birth trauma
Signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia - ANSWER Jitteriness,
hypotonia, lethargy, irritability, apnea, temperature instability
Indirect Bilirubin - ANSWER Fat soluable, produced from
breakdown of RBC
Direct Bilirubin - ANSWER Water soluble, converted from
indirect bilirubin by liver enzymes
