NUR 2474 | NUR2474 PHARMACOLOGY
FOR PROFESSIONAL NURSING FINAL
EXAM | QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
RATED A+ | RASMUSSEN
1. A pregnant patient is treated with trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole
(TMP/SMZ) (Bactrim) for a urinary tract infection at 34 weeks' gestation.
A week later, the woman delivers her infant prematurely. The nurse will
expect to monitor the infant for:
a. birth defects.
b. hypoglycemia.
c. rash.
d. scleral jaundice. - Correct Answer - b. hypoglycemia.
Rationale: : at an increased risk of kernicterus (bilirubin staining of the
basal ganglia of the brain) in newborns and an increased risk of
hypoglycemia.
2. A patient who is taking immunosuppressants develops a urinary tract
infection. The causative organism is sensitive to sulfonamides and to
another, more expensive antibiotic. The prescriber orders the more
expensive antibiotic. The nursing student assigned to this patient asks
the nurse why the more expensive antibiotic is being used. Which
response by the nurse is correct?
a. "Immunosuppressed patients are folate deficient."
b. "Patients who are immunosuppressed are more likely to develop
resistance."
,c. "Sulfonamides are bacteriostatic and depend on host immunity to
work."
d. "Sulfonamides intensify the effects of immunosuppression."
- Correct Answer - c. "Sulfonamides are bacteriostatic and depend on
host immunity to work."
Rationale: the efficacy of bacteriostatic agents like sulfonamides may be
diminished in immunosuppressive patients
3. A nurse teaches a patient about sulfonamides. Which statement by
the patient indicates a need for further teaching?
a. "I need to drink extra fluids while taking this medication."
b. "I need to use sunscreen when taking this drug."
C "I should call my provider if I develop a rash while taking this drug."
d. "I should stop taking this drug when my symptoms are gone."- Correct
Answer - d. "I should stop taking this drug when my symptoms are
gone."
Rationale: : it is crucial to complete the entire course of medication as
prescribed
4. A patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus takes glipizide. The patient
develops a urinary tract infection, and the prescriber orders TMP/SMZ.
What will the nurse tell the patient?
a. Patients with diabetes have an increased risk of an allergic reaction.
b. Patients taking TMP/SMZ may need increased doses of glipizide.
c. The patient should check the blood glucose level more often while
taking TMP/SMZ.
,d. The patient should stop taking the glipizide while taking the TMP/SMZ.
- Correct Answer - c. The patient should check the blood glucose level
more often while taking TMP/SMZ.
Rationale: : TMP/SMZ may potentiate the effects of sulfonylurea drugs,
including glipizide, leading to an increased risk of hypoglycemia.
5. A nurse is obtaining a drug history from a patient about to receive
sulfadiazine. The nurse learns that the patient takes warfarin, glipizide,
and a thiazide diuretic. Based on this assessment, the nurse will expect
the provider to:
a. change the antibiotic to TMP/SMZ.
b. increase the dose of the glipizide.
c. monitor the patient's electrolytes closely. d. monitor the patient's
coagulation levels. - Correct Answer - c. monitor the patient's
electrolytes closely.
Rationale: : Sulfadiazine, can cause electrolyte imbalances, particularly
changes in potassium levels. Since the patient is also taking a thiazide
diuretic, which can affect electrolyte levels, monitoring electrolytes
becomes crucial to prevent complications such as hypokalemia.
6. A patient will be discharged from the hospital with a prescription for
TMP/SMZ (Bactrim). When providing teaching for this patient, the nurse
will tell the patient that it will be important to:
a. drink 8 to 10 glasses of water each day.
b. eat foods that are high in potassium.
c. take the medication with food.
d. take folic acid supplements. - Correct Answer - a. drink 8 to 10
glasses of water each day.
, Rationale: : Adequate fluid intake helps prevent the formation of
crystalluria crystals and reduces the risk of kidney complications.
7. A nurse is discussing microbial resistance among sulfonamides and
trimethoprim with a nursing student. Which statement by the student
indicates a need for further teaching?
a. "Bacterial resistance to trimethoprim is relatively uncommon."
b. "Resistance among gonococci, streptococci, and meningococci to
sulfonamides is high."
c. "Resistance to both agents can occur by spontaneous mutation of
organisms."
d. "Resistance to sulfonamides is less than resistance to trimethoprim." -
Correct Answer - d. "Resistance to sulfonamides is less than resistance
to trimethoprim."
Rationale: : The correct statement should be that resistance to
trimethoprim is less common than resistance to sulfonamides.
8. A patient with bronchitis is taking TMP/SMZ, 106/80 mg orally, twice
daily. Before administering the third dose, the nurse notes that the
patient has a widespread rash, a temperature of 103° F, and a heart rate
of 100 beats per minute. The patient looks ill and reports not feeling well.
What will the nurse do?
a. Administer the dose and request an order for an antipyretic
medication.
b. Withhold the dose and request an order for an antihistamine to treat
the rash.
c. Withhold the dose and notify the provider of the symptoms.
FOR PROFESSIONAL NURSING FINAL
EXAM | QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
RATED A+ | RASMUSSEN
1. A pregnant patient is treated with trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole
(TMP/SMZ) (Bactrim) for a urinary tract infection at 34 weeks' gestation.
A week later, the woman delivers her infant prematurely. The nurse will
expect to monitor the infant for:
a. birth defects.
b. hypoglycemia.
c. rash.
d. scleral jaundice. - Correct Answer - b. hypoglycemia.
Rationale: : at an increased risk of kernicterus (bilirubin staining of the
basal ganglia of the brain) in newborns and an increased risk of
hypoglycemia.
2. A patient who is taking immunosuppressants develops a urinary tract
infection. The causative organism is sensitive to sulfonamides and to
another, more expensive antibiotic. The prescriber orders the more
expensive antibiotic. The nursing student assigned to this patient asks
the nurse why the more expensive antibiotic is being used. Which
response by the nurse is correct?
a. "Immunosuppressed patients are folate deficient."
b. "Patients who are immunosuppressed are more likely to develop
resistance."
,c. "Sulfonamides are bacteriostatic and depend on host immunity to
work."
d. "Sulfonamides intensify the effects of immunosuppression."
- Correct Answer - c. "Sulfonamides are bacteriostatic and depend on
host immunity to work."
Rationale: the efficacy of bacteriostatic agents like sulfonamides may be
diminished in immunosuppressive patients
3. A nurse teaches a patient about sulfonamides. Which statement by
the patient indicates a need for further teaching?
a. "I need to drink extra fluids while taking this medication."
b. "I need to use sunscreen when taking this drug."
C "I should call my provider if I develop a rash while taking this drug."
d. "I should stop taking this drug when my symptoms are gone."- Correct
Answer - d. "I should stop taking this drug when my symptoms are
gone."
Rationale: : it is crucial to complete the entire course of medication as
prescribed
4. A patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus takes glipizide. The patient
develops a urinary tract infection, and the prescriber orders TMP/SMZ.
What will the nurse tell the patient?
a. Patients with diabetes have an increased risk of an allergic reaction.
b. Patients taking TMP/SMZ may need increased doses of glipizide.
c. The patient should check the blood glucose level more often while
taking TMP/SMZ.
,d. The patient should stop taking the glipizide while taking the TMP/SMZ.
- Correct Answer - c. The patient should check the blood glucose level
more often while taking TMP/SMZ.
Rationale: : TMP/SMZ may potentiate the effects of sulfonylurea drugs,
including glipizide, leading to an increased risk of hypoglycemia.
5. A nurse is obtaining a drug history from a patient about to receive
sulfadiazine. The nurse learns that the patient takes warfarin, glipizide,
and a thiazide diuretic. Based on this assessment, the nurse will expect
the provider to:
a. change the antibiotic to TMP/SMZ.
b. increase the dose of the glipizide.
c. monitor the patient's electrolytes closely. d. monitor the patient's
coagulation levels. - Correct Answer - c. monitor the patient's
electrolytes closely.
Rationale: : Sulfadiazine, can cause electrolyte imbalances, particularly
changes in potassium levels. Since the patient is also taking a thiazide
diuretic, which can affect electrolyte levels, monitoring electrolytes
becomes crucial to prevent complications such as hypokalemia.
6. A patient will be discharged from the hospital with a prescription for
TMP/SMZ (Bactrim). When providing teaching for this patient, the nurse
will tell the patient that it will be important to:
a. drink 8 to 10 glasses of water each day.
b. eat foods that are high in potassium.
c. take the medication with food.
d. take folic acid supplements. - Correct Answer - a. drink 8 to 10
glasses of water each day.
, Rationale: : Adequate fluid intake helps prevent the formation of
crystalluria crystals and reduces the risk of kidney complications.
7. A nurse is discussing microbial resistance among sulfonamides and
trimethoprim with a nursing student. Which statement by the student
indicates a need for further teaching?
a. "Bacterial resistance to trimethoprim is relatively uncommon."
b. "Resistance among gonococci, streptococci, and meningococci to
sulfonamides is high."
c. "Resistance to both agents can occur by spontaneous mutation of
organisms."
d. "Resistance to sulfonamides is less than resistance to trimethoprim." -
Correct Answer - d. "Resistance to sulfonamides is less than resistance
to trimethoprim."
Rationale: : The correct statement should be that resistance to
trimethoprim is less common than resistance to sulfonamides.
8. A patient with bronchitis is taking TMP/SMZ, 106/80 mg orally, twice
daily. Before administering the third dose, the nurse notes that the
patient has a widespread rash, a temperature of 103° F, and a heart rate
of 100 beats per minute. The patient looks ill and reports not feeling well.
What will the nurse do?
a. Administer the dose and request an order for an antipyretic
medication.
b. Withhold the dose and request an order for an antihistamine to treat
the rash.
c. Withhold the dose and notify the provider of the symptoms.
