TEST BANK for Microbiology: An Evolving Science 5th Edition by Slonczewski & Foster; ISBN: 9780393419962, VH 1 TO 5//100% VERIFIED

,
,CHAPTER 1: Microbial Life: Origin and Discovery
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MULTIPLE CHOICE
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1. Viruses are: GF



a. infectious agents that infect multi-cellular organisms
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b. noncellular particles that take over the metabolism of a cell to generate more virus
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particles
c. pathogens that replicate in complex growth media GF GF GF GF GF GF



d. cellular particles that belong to the archaea domain
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e. microbes that consist of lipid membrane enclosed genomes
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ANS: B G DIF: F Easy REF: GFGFGF 1.1 TOP: I.A | I.B G F GF GF


MSC: Remembering
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2. Analysis of DNA sequences reveals:
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a. the ancient convergence of two cell types, i.e., prokaryotes and eukaryotes
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b. prokaryotes and eukaryotes evolved from a common ancestral cell
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c. that bacteria share common ancestor with archaea, but not with eukarya
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d. prokaryotes are cells with a nucleus GF GF GF GF GF


e. the genome of Haemophilus influenzae has about 2 billion base pairs
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ANS: B G DIF: F Easy REF: GFGFGF 1.1 TOP: I.A | I.B G F GF GF


MSC: Remembering
G F




3. Which of these groups are considered to be microbes but NOT considered to be cells?
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a. viruses d. protists
b. bacteria e. filamentous fungi GF



c. archaea
ANS: A G DIF: F Easy REF: GFGFGF 1.1 TOP: I.A.i G F



MSC: Remembering
G F




4. A microbe is commonly defined as:
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a. a virus that requires a microscope to be seen
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b. a bacterium that requires a microscope to be seen
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c. a single-cellular prokaryote that requires a microscope to be seen
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d. a multicellular eukaryote that requires a microscope to be seen
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e. a living organism that requires a microscope to be seen
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ANS: E G DIF: F Easy REF: GFGFGF 1.1 TOP: I.A.i | I.A.ii
G F GF GF



MSC: Remembering
G F




5. Which one of the following statements regarding microbial cells is NOT true?
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a. Microbial cells acquire food, gain energy to build themselves, and respond to
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environmental change. GF

, b. Most single-celled organisms require a microscope to render them visible, but some
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bacterial cells are large enough to be seen with naked eyes.
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c. Microbes function as individual entities.
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d. Many microbes form complex multicellular assemblages.
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e. Viruses are not considered as microbial cells.
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ANS: C G F DIF: Easy REF: GFGFGF 1.1 TOP: I.A.i | I.A.ii
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MSC: Remembering
G F




6. Which of the following statements is FALSE?
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a. A genome is the total genetic information contained in an organism’s chromosomal DNA.
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b. If a microbe’s genome includes genes for nitrogenase, that microbe probably can fixnitroge
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n.
c. By comparing DNA sequences of different organisms, we can figure out how closely
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related they are. GF GF



d. Fred Sanger developed the first applicable DNA sequencing method.
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e. Fred Sanger completed the sequences of Haemophilus influenzae.
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ANS: E G F DIF: Easy REF: GFGFGF 1.1 TOP: I.B G F



MSC: Remembering
G F




7. The first cellular genomes to be sequenced were those of:
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a. humans d. prions
b. bacteria e. fungi
c. viruses
ANS: B G F DIF: Easy REF: GFGFGF 1.1 TOP: I.B.i
G F



MSC: Remembering
G F




8. The environment of early Earth may have contained all of the following EXCEPT:
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a. ferrous iron GF d. oxygen
b. methane e. hydrogen gas GF



c. ammonia
ANS: G F D DIF: Easy
REF: Special Topic 1.1TOP:
GF GF GF FG G F II.D
MSC: Remembering G F




9. The development of the theory of the ―RNA world‖ resulted from the discovery of:
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a. archaea d. ribozymes
b. prions e. endosymbionts
c. bacteria
ANS: G F D DIF: Medium
REF: Special Topic 1.1TOP:
GF GF GF FG G F II.D
MSC: Remembering G F




10. Which microbes may resemble those of the earliest life forms?
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a. archaea d. cyanobacteria
b. photosynthetic algae e. protists GF



c. viruses
ANS: G F A DIF: Medium
REF: Special Topic 1.1TOP:
GF GF GF FG G F II.D
MSC: Remembering G F




11. Early metabolism may have been catalyzed by:
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a. DNA d. amino acids GF


b. RNA e. carbohydrates