Chapter 4 : Structure of alkanes
Alkanes
· molecules where the carbons are SATuRATED With It's
General formula
·
CnHan +z
found from
These are in
everything natural gas to petroleum .
properties
·
All CH and C C
.
bonds are non-polar Parent names
Alkanes do not dissolve in water C name
.
1 metane Chr
·
Densities are less than that or water (oil floats on water)
2 ethane Catto
·
Low reactivity
3 Propane 3Hg
·
Low bp's
4 butane Cyto
·
Highly flammable 5 Pentane CsH2
6 hexane GH, y
Arrangement in space
- hept cre His
8 octane Chie
·
straight chains
9 nomane Cetzo
·
Rings
10 decane 40Hzz
·
combination of Both
Nomenclature :
Naming organic compounds
1) find the parent molecule
Chain
longest
·
if two different chains are
equal length are present ,
choose the one whit
the
larger number of branch points (substituents) .
if there of carbons in the molecule that the parent root
is a
ring ,
is
usually or
6 7
Alkanes
· molecules where the carbons are SATuRATED With It's
General formula
·
CnHan +z
found from
These are in
everything natural gas to petroleum .
properties
·
All CH and C C
.
bonds are non-polar Parent names
Alkanes do not dissolve in water C name
.
1 metane Chr
·
Densities are less than that or water (oil floats on water)
2 ethane Catto
·
Low reactivity
3 Propane 3Hg
·
Low bp's
4 butane Cyto
·
Highly flammable 5 Pentane CsH2
6 hexane GH, y
Arrangement in space
- hept cre His
8 octane Chie
·
straight chains
9 nomane Cetzo
·
Rings
10 decane 40Hzz
·
combination of Both
Nomenclature :
Naming organic compounds
1) find the parent molecule
Chain
longest
·
if two different chains are
equal length are present ,
choose the one whit
the
larger number of branch points (substituents) .
if there of carbons in the molecule that the parent root
is a
ring ,
is
usually or
6 7
