ANTIBIOTICS NURSING PHARMACOLOGY. THE LATEST
EXAM REVISION QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
(ALREADY GRADED A+) (2024 UPDATE) 100%
Tobramycin - ANSWER- short-term IM or IV treatment, ophthalmic, and as a nebulizer
solution.
Aminoglycosides Adverse effects CNS - ANSWER- ototoxicity, possible irreversible deafness,
vestibular paralysis from drug effects on the auditory nerve.
Confusion, depression, disorientation
Numbness, tingling and weakness
Aminoglycosides Adverse effects Renal - ANSWER- may progress to renal failure
Direct glomerulus toxicity, drug molecules cause damage to kidney
Aminoglycosides Adverse effects - ANSWER- bone marrow depression
Aminoglycosides Adverse Effects GI - ANSWER- n/v, diarrhea, weight loss, stomatitis, and
hepatic toxicity. Direct GI irritation, loss of normal flora (superinfection, toxic effects in the
mucous membrane and liver as drug is metabolized).
Aminoglycosides Adverse Effects Cardiac - ANSWER- palpitation, hypotension, and
hypertension.
,Aminoglycosides Adverse effects hypersensitivity - ANSWER- purpura, rash, urticaria, and
exfoliative dermatitis.
Aminoglycosides drug-drug interactions - ANSWER- most have synergistic bactericidal effect
(given w/ penicillins, cephalosporins or ticarcillin avoid combining aminoglycosides with potent
diuretics.
Aminoglycosides drug to drug - ANSWER- when given with anesthetics, nondepolarizing
neuromuscular blockers, succylcholine, or citrate anticoagulated blood, increased neuromuscular
blockage with paralysis is possible.
Aminoglycosides drug to drug - ANSWER- patient is for surgery, indicate prominently on the
patient chart the fact that aminoglycosides has been given provide extended monitoring and
support after surgery.
Carbapenems - ANSWER- new class of broad-spectrum antibiotics (bactericidal) g (+) & g (-
) inhibit cell membrane synthesis in susceptible bacteria serious infection caused by susceptible
bacteria.
Carbapenem - ANSWER- -penem indicated for treating serious intraabdominal, urinary tract,
skin, and skin structure, bone and joint, and gynecological infection.
Carbapenems - ANSWER- beta lactamase against s pneumoniae when penicillin is resistant
-not for MRSA.
Carbapenems - ANSWER- rapid IM absorption
IV peak levels achieved after infusion average half-life: 1-4 hrs
,Carbapenems Pharmacokinetics - ANSWER- distributed throughout the body
Excreted unchanged in the urine. Not known if it crosses the placenta and breast milk.
Aminiglycosides - ANSWER- bactericidal, for gram-negative and aerobic bacilli. Inhibit
protein synthesis.
Aminoglycosides (TAI) - ANSWER- irreversibly bind to a unit of bacteria ribosomes
Leads to misreading of genetic code and cell death.
Aminoglycosides - ANSWER- treat serious infection caused by susceptible strains of gram-
negative bacteria.
Aminoglycosides meds - ANSWER- streptomycin neomycin kanamycin gentamicin
tobramycin.
Aminoglycosides TAI - ANSWER- treat serious infections that are susceptible to penicillin
when penicillin is contraindicated.
Can be used in severe infections before culture and sensitivity tests have been completed
Aminoglycosides Pharmacokinetics - ANSWER- -poor GI absorption
-rapid IM absorption
-Peak within 1 hour
-Ave half-life of 2-3 hrs.
Aminoglycosides Pharmacokinetics - ANSWER- -distributed throughout the body
, -crosses placenta
-enters breast milk
-excreted uncharged in urine
Amikacin - ANSWER- short-term IM or IV use
Gentamicin - ANSWER- ophthalmic, topical, IV, intrathecal, impregnated beads on surgical
wire, and liposomal injection
Kanamycin - ANSWER- parenteral forms
Neomycin - ANSWER- topical and oral
Streptomycin - ANSWER- IM
Carbapenems Contraindications & Cautions - ANSWER- known allergy to any carbanems or
beta lactams
Seizure disorders
Meningitis
Lactation
Caution in pregnancy
Carbapenems - ANSWER- used only in severe infections
Weight benefit and effects
Test urine function
EXAM REVISION QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
(ALREADY GRADED A+) (2024 UPDATE) 100%
Tobramycin - ANSWER- short-term IM or IV treatment, ophthalmic, and as a nebulizer
solution.
Aminoglycosides Adverse effects CNS - ANSWER- ototoxicity, possible irreversible deafness,
vestibular paralysis from drug effects on the auditory nerve.
Confusion, depression, disorientation
Numbness, tingling and weakness
Aminoglycosides Adverse effects Renal - ANSWER- may progress to renal failure
Direct glomerulus toxicity, drug molecules cause damage to kidney
Aminoglycosides Adverse effects - ANSWER- bone marrow depression
Aminoglycosides Adverse Effects GI - ANSWER- n/v, diarrhea, weight loss, stomatitis, and
hepatic toxicity. Direct GI irritation, loss of normal flora (superinfection, toxic effects in the
mucous membrane and liver as drug is metabolized).
Aminoglycosides Adverse Effects Cardiac - ANSWER- palpitation, hypotension, and
hypertension.
,Aminoglycosides Adverse effects hypersensitivity - ANSWER- purpura, rash, urticaria, and
exfoliative dermatitis.
Aminoglycosides drug-drug interactions - ANSWER- most have synergistic bactericidal effect
(given w/ penicillins, cephalosporins or ticarcillin avoid combining aminoglycosides with potent
diuretics.
Aminoglycosides drug to drug - ANSWER- when given with anesthetics, nondepolarizing
neuromuscular blockers, succylcholine, or citrate anticoagulated blood, increased neuromuscular
blockage with paralysis is possible.
Aminoglycosides drug to drug - ANSWER- patient is for surgery, indicate prominently on the
patient chart the fact that aminoglycosides has been given provide extended monitoring and
support after surgery.
Carbapenems - ANSWER- new class of broad-spectrum antibiotics (bactericidal) g (+) & g (-
) inhibit cell membrane synthesis in susceptible bacteria serious infection caused by susceptible
bacteria.
Carbapenem - ANSWER- -penem indicated for treating serious intraabdominal, urinary tract,
skin, and skin structure, bone and joint, and gynecological infection.
Carbapenems - ANSWER- beta lactamase against s pneumoniae when penicillin is resistant
-not for MRSA.
Carbapenems - ANSWER- rapid IM absorption
IV peak levels achieved after infusion average half-life: 1-4 hrs
,Carbapenems Pharmacokinetics - ANSWER- distributed throughout the body
Excreted unchanged in the urine. Not known if it crosses the placenta and breast milk.
Aminiglycosides - ANSWER- bactericidal, for gram-negative and aerobic bacilli. Inhibit
protein synthesis.
Aminoglycosides (TAI) - ANSWER- irreversibly bind to a unit of bacteria ribosomes
Leads to misreading of genetic code and cell death.
Aminoglycosides - ANSWER- treat serious infection caused by susceptible strains of gram-
negative bacteria.
Aminoglycosides meds - ANSWER- streptomycin neomycin kanamycin gentamicin
tobramycin.
Aminoglycosides TAI - ANSWER- treat serious infections that are susceptible to penicillin
when penicillin is contraindicated.
Can be used in severe infections before culture and sensitivity tests have been completed
Aminoglycosides Pharmacokinetics - ANSWER- -poor GI absorption
-rapid IM absorption
-Peak within 1 hour
-Ave half-life of 2-3 hrs.
Aminoglycosides Pharmacokinetics - ANSWER- -distributed throughout the body
, -crosses placenta
-enters breast milk
-excreted uncharged in urine
Amikacin - ANSWER- short-term IM or IV use
Gentamicin - ANSWER- ophthalmic, topical, IV, intrathecal, impregnated beads on surgical
wire, and liposomal injection
Kanamycin - ANSWER- parenteral forms
Neomycin - ANSWER- topical and oral
Streptomycin - ANSWER- IM
Carbapenems Contraindications & Cautions - ANSWER- known allergy to any carbanems or
beta lactams
Seizure disorders
Meningitis
Lactation
Caution in pregnancy
Carbapenems - ANSWER- used only in severe infections
Weight benefit and effects
Test urine function
