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Exam 3: BSC2085/ BSC 2085 (Latest 2024/ 2025 Update) Anatomy and Physiology I | Complete Guide | Qs & As| 100% Correct| Grade A (Verified Answers)

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Exam 3: BSC2085/ BSC 2085 (Latest 2024/ 2025 Update) Anatomy and Physiology I | Complete Guide | Qs & As| 100% Correct| Grade A (Verified Answers) Q: approximately how many sensory neurons are there in the body? Answer: 10 million Q: Three Functional Classifications of Neurons Answer: 1. Sensory neurons -Afferent neurons of PNS 2. Motor neurons -Efferent neurons of PNS 3. Interneurons -Association neurons Q: Functions of Sensory Neurons Answer: 1. Monitor internal environment (visceral sensory neurons) 2. Monitor effects of external environment (somatic sensory neurons) Q: Structures of Sensory Neurons Answer: 1. Unipolar *(mostly)* 2. Cell bodies grouped in sensory ganglia *a ganglion is a collection of neuron cell bodies in the PNS* 3. Processes (afferent fibers) extend from sensory receptors to CNS Q: Three types of Sensory Receptors Answer: 1. Interocepters 2. Exterocptors 3. Proprioceptors Q: Interoceptors Answer: 1. Monitor internal systems (digestive, respiratory, cardiovascular, urinary, reproductive) 2. Internal senses (taste, deep pressure, pain) Q: Exteroceptors Answer: 1. External senses (touch, temperature, pressure) 2. Distance senses (sight, smell, hearing) Q: Proprioceptors Answer: Monitor position and movement (skeletal muscles and joints) Q: Motor Neurons Answer: 1. Carry instructions from CNS to peripheral effectors 2. Via efferent fibers (axons) 3. Two major efferent systems Q: Two major efferent systems Answer: 1. Somatic Nervous System (SNS) 2. Autonomic(visceral Nervous System (ANS) Q: approximately how many motor neurons are in the body? Answer: 1/2 million (500,000) Q: Somatic Nervous System (SNS) Answer: Includes all somatic motor neurons that innervate skeletal muscles (voluntary) Q: Autonomic (visceral) nervous system (ANS) Answer: 1. Visceral motor neurons innervate all other peripheral effectors (involuntary) -Smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, glands, adipose tissue Q: Interneurons Answer: Most are located in brain, spinal cord, and autonomic ganglia 1. Approx. 20 billion in body 2. Found between sensory and motor neurons Q: Interneurons are responsible for Answer: 1. Distribution of sensory information 2. Coordination of motor activity Q: Interneurons are involved in higher functions Answer: Memory, planning, learning Q: Neuroglia Answer: 1. Half the volume of the nervous system 2. Many types of neuroglia in CNS and PNS Q: four types of neuroglia Answer: 1. Ependymal cells 2. Microglia 3. Oligodendrocytes 4. Astrocytes Q: Ependymal cells Answer: Cells with highly branched processes *lacks basement membrane* Q: Microglia Answer: Smallest and least numerous neuroglia with many fine-branched processes Q: Oligodendrocytes Answer: Smaller cell bodies with fewer processes that wrap around axons of neurons Q: Astrocytes Answer: Large cell bodies with many processes *May divid and differentiate into more neurons, unknown regulatory mechanism* Q: Fuctions of Ependymal cells Answer: 1. Form epithelium called ependyma 2. Line central canal of spinal

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Uploaded on
October 15, 2024
Number of pages
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Written in
2024/2025
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Questions & answers

Subjects

  • bsc2
  • bsc2085 bsc 2085 latestbsc2085 bsc
  • exam 3 bsc2085 bsc 2085 latest updat
  • fuctions of ependymal cells
  • approximately how many sensory neurons are there i
  • bsc2085bsc 2085bsc2085 bsc 2085 final exam

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Examl3:lBSC2085/lBSCl2085l(Latestl2024/
l2025lUpdate)lAnatomylandlPhysiologylIl|
lCompletelGuidel|lQsl&lAs|l100%lCorrect|l
GradelAl(VerifiedlAnswers)

Q:lapproximatelylhowlmanylsensorylneuronslareltherelinlthelbody?
Answer:
10lmillion

Q:lThreelFunctionallClassificationsloflNeurons
Answer:
1.lSensorylneurons
l-AfferentlneuronsloflPNS
2.lMotorlneurons
l-EfferentlneuronsloflPNS
3.lInterneurons
l-Associationlneurons

Q:lFunctionsloflSensorylNeurons
Answer:
1.lMonitorlinternallenvironmentl(viscerallsensorylneurons)
2.lMonitorleffectsloflexternallenvironmentl(somaticlsensorylneurons)

Q:lStructuresloflSensorylNeurons
Answer:
1.lUnipolarl*(mostly)*
2.lCelllbodieslgroupedlinlsensorylganglia
*alganglionlislalcollectionloflneuronlcelllbodieslinlthelPNS*
3.lProcessesl(afferentlfibers)lextendlfromlsensorylreceptorsltolCNS

Q:lThreeltypesloflSensorylReceptors

,Answer:
1.lInterocepters
2.lExterocptors
3.lProprioceptors

Q:lInteroceptors
Answer:
1.lMonitorlinternallsystemsl(digestive,lrespiratory,lcardiovascular,lurinary,lreproductive)l
2.lInternallsensesl(taste,ldeeplpressure,lpain)

Q:lExteroceptors
Answer:
1.lExternallsensesl(touch,ltemperature,lpressure)
2.lDistancelsensesl(sight,lsmell,lhearing)

Q:lProprioceptors
Answer:
Monitorlpositionlandlmovementl(skeletallmuscleslandljoints)

Q:lMotorlNeurons
Answer:
1.lCarrylinstructionslfromlCNSltolperipheralleffectorsl
2.lVialefferentlfibersl(axons)
3.lTwolmajorlefferentlsystems

Q:lTwolmajorlefferentlsystems
Answer:
1.lSomaticlNervouslSysteml(SNS)
2.lAutonomic(viscerallNervouslSysteml(ANS)

Q:lapproximatelylhowlmanylmotorlneuronslarelinlthelbody?
Answer:
1/2lmillionl(500,000)

,Q:lSomaticlNervouslSysteml(SNS)
Answer:
Includeslalllsomaticlmotorlneuronslthatlinnervatelskeletallmusclesl(voluntary)

Q:lAutonomicl(visceral)lnervouslsysteml(ANS)
Answer:
1.lViscerallmotorlneuronslinnervatelalllotherlperipheralleffectorsl(involuntary)
l-Smoothlmuscle,lcardiacl
lmuscle,lglands,ladiposel
ltissue

Q:lInterneurons
Answer:
Mostlarellocatedlinlbrain,lspinallcord,landlautonomiclganglia
1.lApprox.l20lbillionlinlbody
2.lFoundlbetweenlsensorylandlmotorlneurons

Q:lInterneuronslarelresponsiblelfor
Answer:
1.lDistributionloflsensorylinformation
2.lCoordinationloflmotorlactivity

Q:lInterneuronslarelinvolvedlinlhigherlfunctions
Answer:
Memory,lplanning,llearning

Q:lNeuroglia
Answer:
1.lHalflthelvolumeloflthelnervouslsystem
2.lManyltypesloflneuroglialinlCNSlandlPNS

Q:lfourltypesloflneuroglia
Answer:

, 1.lEpendymallcellsl
2.lMicroglial
3.lOligodendrocytesl
4.lAstrocytes

Q:lEpendymallcells
Answer:
Cellslwithlhighlylbranchedlprocesses
*lackslbasementlmembrane*

Q:lMicroglia
Answer:
Smallestlandlleastlnumerouslneuroglialwithlmanylfine-branchedlprocesses

Q:lOligodendrocytes
Answer:
Smallerlcelllbodieslwithlfewerlprocesseslthatlwraplaroundlaxonsloflneurons

Q:lAstrocytes
Answer:
Largelcelllbodieslwithlmanylprocesses
*Mayldividlandldifferentiatelintolmorelneurons,lunknownlregulatorylmechanism*

Q:lFuctionsloflEpendymallcells
Answer:
1.lFormlepitheliumlcalledlependyma
2.lLinelcentrallcanalloflspinallcordlandlventriclesloflbrain
*lackslbasementlmembrane*
l-Secretelcerebrospinall
lfluidl(CSF)l-lfillsl
lpassagewaysloflbrainlandl
lspinallcord
l-Havelcilialorlmicrovillilthatl
lcirculatelCSF
l-MonitorlCSF
l-Containlstemlcellslforl
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