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Alexandre Lacassagne -(1843-1924) was a positivist
-father of forensic medicine
-pointed to charts and maps and linked crime rates with geography, the behaviour of criminals
depended on their social environment
Joseph Vacher -the French Ripper
-executed in 1898 for the murders of more than 23 people
taken into custody of a failed abduction. When incarcerated, confessed to several murders
-Lacassagne attended the trial, researched Vacher's life, interviewed him, wrote extensively on
details of the case, and provided testimony
Alphonse Bertillon -(1853-1914)
-created the first system of physical measurements combined with photography and record
keeping that police could use to define recidivist criminals
-concept of mugshots
-emphasized on creating an immediate identification system rather than understanding the
inherent morphology of criminals
, Fsc100 Midterm Review Questions With
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-this system is referred to as signaletics (or the Bertillonage method)
-changes in measurements created issues with identifying criminals correctly
-the Bertillon system was used for over 30 Years, fingerprinting replaced this system
Edmond Locard -(1877-1966)
-criminalistics: the science of solving crime, was considered forensic science by the 1970's
Hans Gross -(1847-1915)
-Austrian professor of criminal law
-coined the term "criminalistics"
Locard's Exchange Principle -microscopic traces are the silent witnesses in crime
-when any two objects come into contact there is always a transference of material from each
object onto another
Evidence anything that can give or substantiate information in a legal investigation