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restriction fragment length polymorphisms (rflp's) were discovered by sir alec jefferys
dna can be extracted from any fluid that has a cell with a nucleus
prescence of spermatoza indicates sperm
dna profiling second gen tying system (currently used)
- looks at a single locus on a chromosome
dna typing the variety of methods that isolate and extract sections of dna
dna fingerprinting first-generation typing system
- using rflp's
short tandem repeats (STRS) - 2 to 5 base pair repeats
popular and current method of dna typing in forensic science
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advatages of str analysis - does not require large quantities of DNA
and the sample can be degraded
- less-time consuming with a high degree of discrimination
short tandem repeat analysis is combined with another technique...
what does this technique do? polymerase chain reaction
-- allows for amplification, or for the unlimited copying of dna from a small sample
RFLPS are DNA restriction fragments (sections cut out with enzymes)
the first case in which dna eliminated a suspect 1984 - sir alec jeffreys
dna fingerprinting is what kind of system? multi-locus
- also time consuming
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dna can be extracted from ... sperm, hair with roots, organs, teeth, skin, sweat
epigenomic variations changes triggered during embryological development, the reason
why identical twins do not have exactly the same dna
the most common way of analyzing fragments of dna (using str method) electrophoic
analysis
combined dna index system is a
consisting of double indexing system
- convicted offender index and the forensic index
Convicted Offender Index contains genetic profiles of convicted sex offenders and other
violent crimes
forensic index data base that contains all genetic info collected at the crime scene