otitis media
inflammation of the middle ear, typically occurs after upper respiratory
tract infections
common organism that lead to otitis media
streptococcal pneumonia and Haemophilus influenza
signs and symptoms of otitis media
fever, reddened tympanic membrane, rubbing or pulling at ear, rolling
head from side to side, older children will complain of pain
otitis media treatment
antibiotics (amoxicillin) or surgical intervention
types of seizures
partial and generalized
generalized seizures
loss of consciousness, both brain hemispheres involed
types of generalized seizures
absence, myoclonic, tonic-clonic, atonic
partial seizures
one brain hemisphere is involved
tonic-clonic seizure phases
prodromal, aura, tonic clonic, postictal
anticonvulsant drugs
phenytoin, phenobarbital, valproic acid
seizure precautions
keep side rails up, pad all sharp objects around. the nurse is responsible
for maintaining seizure precautions.
glasgow coma scale
eye opening, verbal response, motor response
treatment for pediatric trauma
RICE. rest, ice, compression, elevation
characteristics of traumatic fractures
pain, tenderness on movement, swelling, discoloration, limited
movement, numbness
children with casts and splints are at an increased risk for
, impaired skin integrity, compartment syndrome
compartment syndrome
progressive loss of tissue perfusion caused by an increase in pressure
caused by edema or swelling that presses on the vessels and tissues
when performing neurovascular checks:
check for circulations distal to the site of an injury or the cast
neuro check
pain, pulse, paresthesia, paralysis, pallor
types of tractions
skin and skeletal
skin tractions include:
bryant traction, buck extension traction, russel traction
bryant's traction
used in treatment of fractured femurs in young children
skeletal tractions include:
90 degree traction, balanced suspension traction
buck's skin traction
used in older children, used when the cast cannot maintain alignment of
the two bone fragments. it is essential that children are not placed in
high fowlers positions.
congestive heart failure
heart is unable to pump its required amount of blood leading to fluid
accumulation in the organs and body tissues
congestive heart failure is the ________ _______________ type of birth
defect
most common
shunt
tube implanted in the body to redirect the flow of a fluid
congential heart defects that increase pulmonary blood flow:
atrial septal defect, ventricular septal defect, patent ductus arteriosus
atrial septal defect
flaw in the septum that divides the two atria of the heart, detected as a
murmur through a routine physical exam
ventricular septal defect
an opening in the septum separating the ventricles. loud, harsh murmur
with a systolic thrill
patent ductus arteriosus
inflammation of the middle ear, typically occurs after upper respiratory
tract infections
common organism that lead to otitis media
streptococcal pneumonia and Haemophilus influenza
signs and symptoms of otitis media
fever, reddened tympanic membrane, rubbing or pulling at ear, rolling
head from side to side, older children will complain of pain
otitis media treatment
antibiotics (amoxicillin) or surgical intervention
types of seizures
partial and generalized
generalized seizures
loss of consciousness, both brain hemispheres involed
types of generalized seizures
absence, myoclonic, tonic-clonic, atonic
partial seizures
one brain hemisphere is involved
tonic-clonic seizure phases
prodromal, aura, tonic clonic, postictal
anticonvulsant drugs
phenytoin, phenobarbital, valproic acid
seizure precautions
keep side rails up, pad all sharp objects around. the nurse is responsible
for maintaining seizure precautions.
glasgow coma scale
eye opening, verbal response, motor response
treatment for pediatric trauma
RICE. rest, ice, compression, elevation
characteristics of traumatic fractures
pain, tenderness on movement, swelling, discoloration, limited
movement, numbness
children with casts and splints are at an increased risk for
, impaired skin integrity, compartment syndrome
compartment syndrome
progressive loss of tissue perfusion caused by an increase in pressure
caused by edema or swelling that presses on the vessels and tissues
when performing neurovascular checks:
check for circulations distal to the site of an injury or the cast
neuro check
pain, pulse, paresthesia, paralysis, pallor
types of tractions
skin and skeletal
skin tractions include:
bryant traction, buck extension traction, russel traction
bryant's traction
used in treatment of fractured femurs in young children
skeletal tractions include:
90 degree traction, balanced suspension traction
buck's skin traction
used in older children, used when the cast cannot maintain alignment of
the two bone fragments. it is essential that children are not placed in
high fowlers positions.
congestive heart failure
heart is unable to pump its required amount of blood leading to fluid
accumulation in the organs and body tissues
congestive heart failure is the ________ _______________ type of birth
defect
most common
shunt
tube implanted in the body to redirect the flow of a fluid
congential heart defects that increase pulmonary blood flow:
atrial septal defect, ventricular septal defect, patent ductus arteriosus
atrial septal defect
flaw in the septum that divides the two atria of the heart, detected as a
murmur through a routine physical exam
ventricular septal defect
an opening in the septum separating the ventricles. loud, harsh murmur
with a systolic thrill
patent ductus arteriosus
