NR293 Pharmacology Exam 1

A nurse is caring for a client who has multiple medication allergies. During which of the following steps of the nursing process should the nurse identify the client's allergies? A. Planning B. Evaluation C. Data Collection D. Implementation - C. Data Collection A nurse is caring for a client and realizes after administering the 0900 medications that she gave digoxin 0.25 mg PO to the client instead of the prescribed dose of digoxin 0.125 mg PO. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first? A. notify the provider B. contact the nursing supervisor C. check the client's apical pulse D. complete an incident report - C. check the client's apical pulse A nurse is preparing to administer medication to a client. Which of the following abbreviations indicates the greatest frequency of medication administration? A. BID B. TID C. QID D. Q8h - C. QID A nurse is reviewing the medication administration record of a client who has impaired swallowing. The nurse should crush the medication when administering which of the following prescriptions? A. Aspirin EC 80 mg PO daily B. Levothyroxine 75 mcg PO q AM before breakfast C. Metformin XR 500 mg PO daily D. Nitroglycerin 0.3 mg SL PRN chest pain, can repeat q 5 min for 2 additional doses. - B. Levothyroxine 75 mcg PO q AM before breakfast EC = enteric coated, XR = extended release, SL = sublingually A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving cefotetan 1 g via intermittent IV bolus every 12 hours to treat a postoperative infection. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse monitor for as an adverse effect of the medication? A. disorientation B. epistaxis C. constipation D. jaundice - B. Epistaxis Cefotetan is an antibiotic that affects vitamin K levels, which can result in bleeding and epistaxis. It is a second generation cephalosporin. A nurse is assisting with the care of a client who is postoperative. The client reports a pain level of 8 on a scale of 0 to 10 and has a prescription for meperidine. Which of the following routes of administration will deliver the medication with the shortest time of onset? A. oral B. Intravenous C. intramuscular d. subcutaneous - B. Intravenous nurse is monitoring a client with pneumonia who has received penicillin G intramuscularly. Which of the following findings should the nurse plan to evaluate first? A. pain at the injection site B. prolonged motor dysfunction C. laryngeal edema D. temperature of 99.7 F - C. laryngeal edema this can indicate an allergic reaction, possibly anaphylaxis A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a client who is taking a medication and notes that the client's blood tests show an elevated level of the enzymes aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT). The nurse should recognize that these findings are potential indications of which of the following conditions? a. renal dysfunction b. myelotoxicity c. hepatic toxicity d. cardiac dysrhythmia - c. hepatic toxicity A nurse is reviewing the laboratory data for a client who has Alzheimer's disease and a new prescription for memantine. The nurse should identify that which of the following findings increases the risk for reduced clearance of the medication? A. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) 60 international units. B. Creatinine clearance 35 mL/min C. HbA1c 5% D. BMI 31 - B. Creatinine clearance 35 mL/min A nurse is preparing to administer albuterol syrup 0.1 mg/kg/day to a school-aged child who weights 44 pounds. The amount available is albuterol syrup 2 mg/5 mL. How many mL should the nurse administer? (Round your answer to the nearest tenth. Use a leading zero if applicable but do not use a trailing zero.) - 5 mL A nurse is assisting with the administration of an IV injection to a client. For which of the following reasons should the nurse inject the medication slowly? A. to reduce toxicity risk B. to improve the absorption pattern C. to prevent medication dilution D. to protect against embolism - A. to reduce toxicity risk A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has atrial fibrillation and a new prescription for amiodarone. Which of the following items should the nurse instruct the client to avoid while taking this medication? A. green leafy vegetables B. grapefruit juice C. garlic D. salt substitutes - B. grapefruit juice A nurse is caring fora client who has developed MRSA in a surgical incision. Which of the following medications should the nurse expect the provider to prescribe? A. ceftriaxone B. vancomycin C. ketoconazole D. ciprofloxacin - B. vancomycin A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing severe cancer pain. Which of the following medications should the nurse expect the provider to prescribe? A. buprenorphine B. tramadol C. hydromorphone D. oxycodone - C. hydromorphone Hydromorphone is an opioid antagonist. It is used for the treatment of moderate to severe pain management in clients who have cancer. A nurse is collecting data from a client who is experiencing chest pain. Which of the following medications should the nurse expect to administer to suppress the aggregation of platelets? A. nitroglycerin B. Aspirin C. Morphine D. Metoprolol - B. Aspirin A nurse is caring for a client who takes gentamicin IM and has a prescription to obtain a blood sample to measure a trough level. At which of the following times should the nurse draw the blood sample? A. within 15 minutes prior to the next medication dose B. 3 hours prior to administering a dose. C. Within 15 minutes following the next medication dose D. 2 hours after administering a dose. - A. within 15 minutes prior to the next medication dose A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new prescription for sertraline. The client asks the nurse if he should containue to take St. John's wort for depression. Which of the following instructions should the nurse give the client? A. take the medication and herbal supplement together. B. stop taking the herbal supplement while taking the medication. C. take the herbal supplement and the medication at least 2 hours apart. D. take an antacid with both the herbal supplement and the medication. - B. stop taking the herbal supplement while taking the medication. Taking the antidepressant sertraline and St. John's wort together puts the client at risk for serotonin syndrome. A nurse is preparing to administer meperidine 100 mg IM to a client who has a BMI of 23. Which of the following needle lengths should the nurse use to administer the medication? A. 1/2 inch B. 1 1/2 inch C. 2 1/2 inch D. 3 inch - B. 1 1/2 inch A nurse in a long-term care facility is administering medications to a group of older clients. Which of the following factors of pharmacokinetics should the nurse consider when caring for this age group? A. the excretion of the medication is reduced B. the percentage of medication absorbed is increased C. the liver metabolizes the medication more quickly. D. the rate at which the liver metabolizes medication declines with age. - A. the excretion of the medication is reduced A nurse in a provider's office is assessing a client who has been taking amoxicillin for 10 days and reports diarrhea and cramping. The nurse should recognize that these manifestations occur secondary to which of the following adverse effects? A. development of gastric ulcers B. development of milk intolerance C. allergic reactions to the medication D. alterations in the gastrointestinal flora - D. alterations in the gastrointestinal flora A nurse is preparing to administer desmopressin 0.1 mcg/kg in 0.9% sodium chloride 50 mL IV over 30 min to a client who weights 154 lb. How many mcg of medication should the client receive? - 21 A nurse is preparing to administer 150 units/hr of regular insulin to a client. Regular insulin is available at 1,500 units in 0.9% sodium chloride 500 mL. The nurse should set the IV pump to deliver how many mL/hr? - 50 A nurse is preparing to administer medication to a preschooler. The nurse should use which of the following measurements to calculate the medication dosage for this client? A. body mass index B. height c. weight d. rule of 9s - c. weight A nurse is caring for a client who takes Ginkgo biloba daily at home. Which of the following effects should the nurse expect from the use of this herbal supplement? A. decreased platelet aggregation b. prevention of migraine headaches c. increase risk of DVT d. lowered cholesterol and triglyceride levels - A. decreased platelet aggregation A nurse administered an antibiotic 10 min ago to a client who is now reporting wheezing and swelling of the eyelids. Which of the following actions should the nurse perform first? A. give oral corticosteroids B. administer dopamine c. give diphenhydramine IV d. administer epinephrine subcutaneously - d. administer epinephrine subcutaneously A nurse is providing teaching to a client with tuberculosis who has prescriptions for rifampin and ethambutol. Which of the following findings is an adverse effect of these medications that the client should report to the provider? A. red-orange discoloration of urine B. unexpected weight gain C. ringing in the ears D. decreased visual acuity - D. decreased visual acuity A nurse is assessing a client who is receiving IV gentamicin 3 times daily. Which of the following findings indicates that the client is experiencing an adverse effect of this medication? A. hypoglycemia B. proteinuria C. nasal congestion D. visual disturbances - B. proteinuria this is a manifestation of nephrotoxicity. The nurse should monitor for oliguria and hematuria. A nurse is preparing to administer lactated Ringer's 1,000 mL IV infused over 8 hr. The drop factor of the manual tubing is 10 gtt/mL. The nurse should set the manual IV infusion to deliver how many gtt/min? - 21 A nurse is preparing to administer codeine 30 mg PO every 4 hr PRN to a client for pain. The amount avialble is codein oral solution 15 mg/5 mL. How many mL should the nurse plan to administer per dose? - 10 A nurse is preparing to administer dextrose 5% in 0.45% sodium chloride 400 mL IV to an older client over 8 hr. The nurse should set the IV pump to deliver how many mL/hr? - 50 A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who might have hearing loss. Which of the following data from the client's medical record should the nurse identify as a risk factor for hearing loss? A. frequent use of steroids B. chronic use of salicylates C. intermittent use of antacids D. habitual use of laxatives - B. chronic use of salicylates A nurse in a provider's office is assessing a client who reports taking a dietary supplement to reduce hot flashes related to menopause. Which of the following supplements should the nurse expect the client to report taking? A. flaxseed B. ginkgo biloba C. black cohosh D. St. John's wort - C. black cohosh A nurse is teaching the guardian of an infant about the diptheria, tetanus, and pertusis (DTaP) vaccine. Which of the following pieces of information should the nurse include in the teaching? A. Routine immunization for DTap consists of 3 injections B. the first immunization for DTaP in the series is given at 2 mos. C. DTaP immunization has been replaced with DTP D. this immunization is administered subcutaneously. - B. the first immunization for DTaP in the series is given at 2 mos. A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who has a bacterial infection about adverse effects of imipenem to report to the provider. Which of the following pieces of information should the nurse include? A. seizures can occur with this medication. B. you should observe for manifestations of bleeding. C. check your hands and feet for sensory dysfunction D. this medication can increase the risk of ototoxicity. - A. seizures can occur with this medication. A nurse is teaching a client about a new prescription for extended-release oxycodone for pain management. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching? A. swallow this medication whole B. take this medication before meals and at bedtime C. constipation decreases with continued use. D. avoid taking other supplemental analgesics with this medication. - A. swallow this medication whole A nurse is caring for a client who has osteoporosis and has been taking a vitamin D supplement. The nurse notes that the client reports also taking a multivitamin daily. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the client might be experiencing vitamin D toxicity? A. hyperkalemia B. hypermagnesemia C. hypercalcemia D. hypernatremia - C. hypercalcemia A nurse is educating a client with urethritis who has a new prescription for oral erythromycin. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching? A. report persistent diarrhea to the provider B. take this medication with a full glass of milk C. some people who take erythromycin experience vision loss D. Antacids will reduce the extent of absorption of this medication. - A. report persistent diarrhea to the provider can cause superinfection of the bowel because it destroys some sensitive flora in the GI system A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a client who is taking tobramycin and notes that the medication's peak level is 7 mcg/mL. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. administer half of the prescribed dosage at the client's next scheduled dose. B. tell the client that the medication seems to be effective. C. advise the client to drink more water throughout the day. D. Continue to administer the medication as prescribed. - D. Continue to administer the medication as prescribed. This peak level is within the expected reference range of 5 to 10 mcg/mL. A nurse is reviewing the laboratory report for a client who is taking tobramycin and notes that the peak blood level is 9.3 mcg/mL. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. administer half of the prescribed dosage at the client's next scheduled dose. B. tell the client that the medication seems to be appropriate. C. advise the client to drink more water throughout the day. D. Ask if the client has been experiencing any peripheral neuropathy. - B. tell the client that the medication seems to be appropriate. This peak level is within the expected reference range of 5 to 10 mcg/mL. A nurse is preparing to administer heparin 8,000 units subcutaneously every 8 hours. Heparin 10,000 units/1 mL is available. How many mL should the nurse administer per dose? - 0.8 mL A nurse is preparing to administer amoxicillin liquid suspension 250 mg PO every 8 hours to an older client. The amount available is amoxicillin 50 mg/mL. How many mL should the nurse administer per dose? - 5 A nurse is caring for a client who has a positive tuberculin skin test and a new prescription for isoniazid. Which for of the following lab values should the nurse monitor? A. thyroid stimulating hormone b. aspartate aminotransferase (AST) c. potassium d. sodium - b. aspartate aminotransferase (AST) A nurse is preparing to administer dextrose 5% in water 1,000 mL infused over 12 hours. The drop factor of the manual IV tubing is 10 gtt/mL. The nurse should set the manual IV infusion to delivery how many gtt/min? - 14 A nurse is preparing to administer lactated Ringer's 700 mL IV infused over 24 hours to a pediatric client. The drop factor of the manual IV tubing is 60 gtt/mL. The nurse should set the manual IV infusion to deliver how many gtt/min? - 29 A nurse is reinforcing teaching about immunosuppressive medications to a client who had kidney transplant surgery. Which of the following adverse effects of these medications should the nurse include in the teaching? A. increased urinary output B. increased susceptibility to infection c. increased hair loss d. increased risk for autoimmune disorders - B. increased susceptibility to infection A nurse is caring for a client who has tuberculosis and is taking rifampin. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following findings as an adverse effect of rifampin? A. red-ringed urine b. tinnitus c. blurred vision d. dry mouth - A. red-ringed urine A nurse discovers that a client received an incorrect dosage of a morning medication. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first? A. collect data from the client to determine the client's condition B. report the incident to the nursing supervisor C. complete and file a facility incident report D. notify the client's provider of the incident - A. collect data from the client to determine the client's condition A nurse is preparing to administer medications to a group of clients. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to verify the right medication is administered? A. compare the provider's initial prescription with the medication administration record. B. ask each client to list the medications he or she is currently taking while in the facility. C. for unmarked medication containers, check the client's MAR 3 times while preparing the medication. D. have a second nurse verify the MAR at the client's bedside. - A. compare the provider's initial prescription with the medication administration record. A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client about taking tetracycline PO. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching? A. take this medication on a full stomach. B. limit your consumption of dairy products while taking this medicine. C. take the medication with your regular iron supplement. D. take antacids if you have an upset stomach from using tetracycline. - B. limit your consumption of dairy products while taking this medicine.