Anatomy & Physiology Chapter 1
Cardiovascular System - ✔✔♣ Components: Blood, heart, and blood vessels
♣ Functions: Heart pumps blood through blood vessels; blood carries oxygen and nutrients to cells and
carbon dioxide and wastes away from cells and helps regulate acid-base balance, temperature, and
water content of body fluids; blood components help defend against disease and repair damaged blood
vessels
Catabolism - ✔✔breaking down complex chemicals
Cellular Level - ✔✔structural and functional unit; molecules combine to form cells
Cerebrospinal - ✔✔fluid in spaces of the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord)
Chemical Level - ✔✔Includes atoms (smallest components of a chemical element) and molecules (two or
more atoms joined together)
Contralateral - ✔✔on the opposite side of the body from another structure
Control Center - ✔✔evaluates input and generates output
Cranial Cavity - ✔✔contains the brain
Deep - ✔✔Away from the surface of the body
Diaphragm - ✔✔a dome shaped muscle that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominopelvic
cavity
4 Quadrants - clinical description - ✔✔♣ Midsagittal line through umbilicus
, ♣ Transverse line through umbilicus
9 Regions - anatomical study - ✔✔♣ 2 Horizontal lines: inferior to rib cage and inferior to tops of hip
bones
♣ 2 Vertical lines: through midpoints of clavicles
A spinal tap is a procedure in which fluid is drawn from the space between the membranes that
surround the spinal cord. What type of body fluid is being extracted? - ✔✔Cerebrospinal fluid
Abdominal Cavity - ✔✔Contains stomach, spleen, liver, gallbladder, small intestine and most of large
intestine
Abdominopelvic Cavity - ✔✔Subdivided into abdominal & pelvic cavities; from diaphragm to pelvic floor
Anabolism - ✔✔building complex chemicals from smaller units
Anatomical Position - ✔✔o standard reference position
♣ body erect, facing forward, head level
♣ feet flat and forward
♣ arms at sides with palms forward
Anatomy - ✔✔Science of body structures and their relationships
Anterior - ✔✔Nearer to or at the front of body
Blood Plasma - ✔✔fluid in blood vessels
Body Cavities - ✔✔Protect & support internal organs & isolate them from one another
Cardiovascular System - ✔✔♣ Components: Blood, heart, and blood vessels
♣ Functions: Heart pumps blood through blood vessels; blood carries oxygen and nutrients to cells and
carbon dioxide and wastes away from cells and helps regulate acid-base balance, temperature, and
water content of body fluids; blood components help defend against disease and repair damaged blood
vessels
Catabolism - ✔✔breaking down complex chemicals
Cellular Level - ✔✔structural and functional unit; molecules combine to form cells
Cerebrospinal - ✔✔fluid in spaces of the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord)
Chemical Level - ✔✔Includes atoms (smallest components of a chemical element) and molecules (two or
more atoms joined together)
Contralateral - ✔✔on the opposite side of the body from another structure
Control Center - ✔✔evaluates input and generates output
Cranial Cavity - ✔✔contains the brain
Deep - ✔✔Away from the surface of the body
Diaphragm - ✔✔a dome shaped muscle that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominopelvic
cavity
4 Quadrants - clinical description - ✔✔♣ Midsagittal line through umbilicus
, ♣ Transverse line through umbilicus
9 Regions - anatomical study - ✔✔♣ 2 Horizontal lines: inferior to rib cage and inferior to tops of hip
bones
♣ 2 Vertical lines: through midpoints of clavicles
A spinal tap is a procedure in which fluid is drawn from the space between the membranes that
surround the spinal cord. What type of body fluid is being extracted? - ✔✔Cerebrospinal fluid
Abdominal Cavity - ✔✔Contains stomach, spleen, liver, gallbladder, small intestine and most of large
intestine
Abdominopelvic Cavity - ✔✔Subdivided into abdominal & pelvic cavities; from diaphragm to pelvic floor
Anabolism - ✔✔building complex chemicals from smaller units
Anatomical Position - ✔✔o standard reference position
♣ body erect, facing forward, head level
♣ feet flat and forward
♣ arms at sides with palms forward
Anatomy - ✔✔Science of body structures and their relationships
Anterior - ✔✔Nearer to or at the front of body
Blood Plasma - ✔✔fluid in blood vessels
Body Cavities - ✔✔Protect & support internal organs & isolate them from one another
