Oceans Finals UPDATED Actual Exam
Questions and CORRECT Answers
Washington Shell fisheries are responding to the declining pH of the upwelling coastal
waters. Identify which is NOT a strategy being used by shellfisheries to combat the impact of
ocean acidification - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- pressurized degassing of co2 from seawater
intake lines
TRUE or FALSE: Urban economies in Washington state are at greater risk from reduced
shellfishery production. - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- False
The farming of marine organisms including fish, mollusks, crustaceans, and aquatic plants is
known as ________________. - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Aquaculture
Select the communities and industrial regions which are most likely to be impacted by ocean
acidification: - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- tourism, wild catch fisheries, western washington
native tribes, shellfisheries
Washington state shellfisheries production has declined by how much since 2005? -
CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- 80%
Controlled fish farming supplies approximately how much of all fish and shellfish directly
consumed by humans? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- 50%
What was the Washington shellfisheries impact to the state economy last year? - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔- 270 million
Recreational harvesting of shellfish in Washington is a popular activity. TRUE or FALSE:
you must obtain a license in order to recreationally fish/shellfish in Washington state -
CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- true
Why is old, cold deep seawater that is upwelled relatively more corrosive? Select all that
apply: - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- - Cold water holds more carbon dioxide than warmer
water
,-Old water has had more organic matter accumulate and decay
- Old deep water does not have a photosynthetically active community
"Corrosive" low pH waters of the Washington coast are expanding at what annual rate? -
CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- 1-2m/year
Shallow water corals rely on a _____________ with photosynthetic algae called
______________ to provide an alternative source of nutrition to support the growth of
enormous reef structures. - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- symbiosis; zooxanthellae
It can take 10,000 - 30 million years for a coral reef to form from a group of larvae. Which of
the following is NOT a characteristic macrostructure formed by coral reefs? - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔- chains
what is a characteristic
- Fringing
- Barrier
- Atoll
Coral reefs occupy only 1% of the ocean, but are home to what percentage of all marine
species? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- 25%
The main mechanism driving coral "bleaching" is: - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- increased
temperatures resulting in starvation
People depend on coral reefs for (check all that apply): - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
medicines
food
protection of shoreline
tourism based economies
The best environmental conditions for shallow coral reefs are (select all that apply): -
CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Shallow,salty, warm, clear water
, The optimum temperature for most coral reefs is 23-25 C with few reefs existing in waters
above - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- 30 degrees Celsius
Corals are made up of colonies of what type of organism? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
Animals
TRUE or FALSE: Coral reefs are the most biologically diverse marine ecosystems in the
ocean - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- true
By 2030, it's predicted that over ________ of the world's coral reefs may be destroyed by
anthropogenic causes such as ocean acidification, rising temperatures, overfishing, pollution,
sewage outflows, and poaching coral species for exotic pet market. - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔- 50%
Which of the following are considered a natural threat to coral reefs? Select all that apply. -
CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- tidal emersion, disease, waves from large storms, weather
patterns like El nino, predation
Which of the following are considered anthropogenic threats to coral reefs? Select all that
apply. - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- trawling and other damaging fishing techniques
Pollution from land or boats
Cyanine or blasting fish for trade
True or False? Natural threats to coral reefs are often more severe because of changing ocean
conditions due to anthropogenic actions. - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- true
Ocean acidification as a result of increased carbon dioxide in the atmosphere causes -
CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- a reduction in pH levels which decrease coral growth and
structural integrity
Select all that apply. Changes in ocean temperature and salinity caused by climate change
could lead to changes in ocean currents. Altered ocean currents could lead to changes in
connectivity and temperature regimes that contribute to: - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
Changes in dispersal of coral larvae
Questions and CORRECT Answers
Washington Shell fisheries are responding to the declining pH of the upwelling coastal
waters. Identify which is NOT a strategy being used by shellfisheries to combat the impact of
ocean acidification - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- pressurized degassing of co2 from seawater
intake lines
TRUE or FALSE: Urban economies in Washington state are at greater risk from reduced
shellfishery production. - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- False
The farming of marine organisms including fish, mollusks, crustaceans, and aquatic plants is
known as ________________. - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Aquaculture
Select the communities and industrial regions which are most likely to be impacted by ocean
acidification: - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- tourism, wild catch fisheries, western washington
native tribes, shellfisheries
Washington state shellfisheries production has declined by how much since 2005? -
CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- 80%
Controlled fish farming supplies approximately how much of all fish and shellfish directly
consumed by humans? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- 50%
What was the Washington shellfisheries impact to the state economy last year? - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔- 270 million
Recreational harvesting of shellfish in Washington is a popular activity. TRUE or FALSE:
you must obtain a license in order to recreationally fish/shellfish in Washington state -
CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- true
Why is old, cold deep seawater that is upwelled relatively more corrosive? Select all that
apply: - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- - Cold water holds more carbon dioxide than warmer
water
,-Old water has had more organic matter accumulate and decay
- Old deep water does not have a photosynthetically active community
"Corrosive" low pH waters of the Washington coast are expanding at what annual rate? -
CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- 1-2m/year
Shallow water corals rely on a _____________ with photosynthetic algae called
______________ to provide an alternative source of nutrition to support the growth of
enormous reef structures. - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- symbiosis; zooxanthellae
It can take 10,000 - 30 million years for a coral reef to form from a group of larvae. Which of
the following is NOT a characteristic macrostructure formed by coral reefs? - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔- chains
what is a characteristic
- Fringing
- Barrier
- Atoll
Coral reefs occupy only 1% of the ocean, but are home to what percentage of all marine
species? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- 25%
The main mechanism driving coral "bleaching" is: - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- increased
temperatures resulting in starvation
People depend on coral reefs for (check all that apply): - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
medicines
food
protection of shoreline
tourism based economies
The best environmental conditions for shallow coral reefs are (select all that apply): -
CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Shallow,salty, warm, clear water
, The optimum temperature for most coral reefs is 23-25 C with few reefs existing in waters
above - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- 30 degrees Celsius
Corals are made up of colonies of what type of organism? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
Animals
TRUE or FALSE: Coral reefs are the most biologically diverse marine ecosystems in the
ocean - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- true
By 2030, it's predicted that over ________ of the world's coral reefs may be destroyed by
anthropogenic causes such as ocean acidification, rising temperatures, overfishing, pollution,
sewage outflows, and poaching coral species for exotic pet market. - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔- 50%
Which of the following are considered a natural threat to coral reefs? Select all that apply. -
CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- tidal emersion, disease, waves from large storms, weather
patterns like El nino, predation
Which of the following are considered anthropogenic threats to coral reefs? Select all that
apply. - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- trawling and other damaging fishing techniques
Pollution from land or boats
Cyanine or blasting fish for trade
True or False? Natural threats to coral reefs are often more severe because of changing ocean
conditions due to anthropogenic actions. - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- true
Ocean acidification as a result of increased carbon dioxide in the atmosphere causes -
CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- a reduction in pH levels which decrease coral growth and
structural integrity
Select all that apply. Changes in ocean temperature and salinity caused by climate change
could lead to changes in ocean currents. Altered ocean currents could lead to changes in
connectivity and temperature regimes that contribute to: - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
Changes in dispersal of coral larvae
