Cell Structures And Functions

CELL STRUCTURE & FUNCTIONS
Example of Cells: Mitochondria
 Amoeba Proteus  produces energy through chemical reactions -
 Bacteria breaking down fats & carbohydrates
 Nerve Cell  control levels of water & other material in cell
 Plant Stem  recycles and decomposes proteins, fats, and
 Red Blood Cell carbohydrates

Cell Membrane Golgi Bodies
 outer membrane  protein ‘packaging plant’
 controls movement in and out  move materials within the cell
 double layer  move materials out of the cell

Cell Wall Lysosome
 commonly found in plant cells & bacteria  Digestive ‘plant’ for proteins, fats, and
 supports & protects cells carbohydrates
 Transports undigested material to cell
Nucleus membrane for removal
 directs cell activities  Cell breaks down if lysosome explodes
 separated from cytoplasm by nuclear
membrane Vacuoles
 contains genetic material - DNA  membrane-bound sacs for storage, digestion,
 control center and waste removal
 contains water solution - meaning it’s watery
Nuclear Membrane  help plants maintain shape
 surrounds nucleus
 made of two layers Chloroplast
 openings allow material to enter and leave  usually found in plant cells
nucleus  contains green chlorophyll
 where photosynthesis takes place
Chromosomes
 in nucleus
 made of DNA
 contains instructions for traits &
characteristics

Nucleolus
 inside nucleus
 contains RNA
 build proteins

Cytoplasm
 gel-like mixture
 surrounded by cell membranes
 contains hereditary material - DNA

Endoplasmic Reticulum
 moves materials around in cell
 Smooth Type - lacks ribosomes
 Rough Type - ribosomes embedded in surface

Ribosomes
 each cell contains thousands
 make proteins
 found floating throughout the cytoplasm