Test Bank For Huether & McCance: Understanding Pathophysiology, 6th Edition| complete solution || Grade A+.

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Understanding Pathophysiology 6th Edition fl fl fl



By: Sue E. Huether; Kathryn L. McCance
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PART ONE: BASIC CONCEPTS OF PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
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Unit 1: The Cellfl fl fl


Chapter 1: Cellular Biology fl fl fl


Chapter 2. Genes and Genetic Diseases fl fl fl fl fl


Chapter 3. Epigenetics and Disease (NEW)
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Chapter 4. Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology
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Chapter 5. Fluids and Electrolytes, Acids and Bases
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Unit 2: Mechanisms of Self-Defense
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Chapter 6. Innate Immunity: Inflammation and Wound Healing
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Chapter 7. Adaptive Immunity
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Chapter 8. Infection and Defects in Mechanisms of Defense
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Chapter 9. Stress and Disease
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Unit 3: Cellular Proliferation: Cancer
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Chapter 10. Biology of Cancer
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Chapter 11. Cancer Epidemiology
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Chapter 12. Cancer in Children and Adolescents
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PART TWO: BODY SYSTEMS AND DISEASES
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Unit 4: The Neurologic System
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Chapter 13. Structure and Function of the Neurologic System
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Chapter 14. Pain, Temperature, Sleep, and Sensory Function
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Chapter 15. Alterations in Cognitive Systems, Cerebral Hemodynamics and Motor Function
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Chapter 16. Disorders of the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems and Neuromuscular Junction
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Chapter 17. Alterations of Neurologic Function in Children
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Unit 5: The Endocrine System
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Chapter 18. Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation
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Chapter 19. Alterations of Hormonal Regulation
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Unit 6: The Hematologic System
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Chapter 20. Structure and Function of the Hematologic System
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Chapter 21. Alterations in Hematologic Function
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Chapter 22. Alterations of Hematologic Function in Children Unit
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7: The Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems
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Chapter 23. Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems
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Chapter 24. Alterations of Cardiovascular Function
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Chapter 25. Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children
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Unit 8: The Pulmonary System
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Chapter 26. Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System
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Chapter 27. Alterations of Pulmonary Function
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Chapter 28. Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children
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Unit 9: The Renal and Urologic Systems
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Chapter 29. Structure and Function of the Renal and Urologic Systems
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Chapter 30. Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function
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Chapter 31. Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children
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Unit 10: The Reproductive Systems
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Chapter 32. Structure and Function of the Reproductive Systems
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Chapter 33. Alterations of the Female Reproductive System
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Chapter 34. Alterations of the Male Reproductive System
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Unit 11: The Digestive System
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Chapter 35. Structure and Function of the Digestive System
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Chapter 36. Alterations of Digestive Function
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Chapter 37. Alterations in Digestive Function in Children
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Unit 12: The Musculoskeletal and Integumentary Systems
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Chapter 38. Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System Chapter
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39. Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function
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Chapter 40. Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in Children
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Chapter 41. Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument
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Chapter 42. Alterations of the Integument in Children
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,Chapter 01: Cellular Biology
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Huether& McCance: Understanding Pathophysiology,6th Edition
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MULTIPLE CHOICE fl




1. A student is observing a cell under the microscope. It is observed to have supercoiled DNA
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with histones. Which of the following would also be observed by the student?
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a. A single circular chromosomefl fl fl



b. A nucleus fl



c. Free-floating nuclear material fl fl



d. No organelles fl




ANS: B f l



The cell described is a eukaryotic cell, so it has histones and a supercoiled DNA within its
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nucleus; thus, the nucleus should be observed. A single circular chromosome called a
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prokaryote contains free-floating nuclear material but has no organelles.
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REF: p. 2 fl fl




2. A nurse is instructing the staff about cellular functions. Which cellular function is the nurse
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describing when an isolated cell absorbs oxygen and uses it to transform nutrients to energy?
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a. Metabolic absorption fl



b. Communication
c. Secretion
d. Respiration
ANS: D fl



The cell’s ability to absorb oxygen is referred to as respiration while its communication ability
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involves maintenance of a steady dynamic state, metabolic absorption provides nutrition, and
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secretion allows for the synthesizing of new substances.
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REF: p. 2 fl fl




3. A eukaryotic cell is undergoing DNA replication. In which region of the cell would most of
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the genetic information be contained?
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a. Mitochondria
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
d. Nucleus Cytoplasm fl




ANS: C fl



The region of the cell that contains genetic material, including a large amount of ribonucleic
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acid, most of the DNA, and DNA-binding proteins, is the nucleolus, which is located within the
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cell’s nucleus. Mitochondria is associated with cellular respiration, while ribosomes are
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involved with protein manufacturing. Cytoplasm is a fluid filling that is a component of the
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cell.
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REF: p. 2 fl fl

,4. Which of the following can remove proteins attached to the cell’s bilayer by dissolving the
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layer itself?
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a. Peripheral membrane proteins fl fl



b. Integral membrane proteins fl fl



c. Glycoproteins
d. Cell adhesion molecules fl fl




ANS: B fl



Proteins directly attached to the membrane bilayer can be removed by the action of integral
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membrane proteins that dissolve the bilayer. Peripheral membrane proteins reside at the
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surface while cell adhesion molecules are on the outside of the membrane. Glycoprotein
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marks cells and does not float.
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REF: p. 7 fl fl




5. Which of the following can bind to plasma membrane receptors?
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a. Oxygen
b. Ribosomes
c. Amphipathic lipids fl



d. Ligands
ANS: D fl



Ligands are the only specific molecules that can bind with receptors on the cell membrane.
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REF: p. 9 fl fl




6. A nurse is reviewing a report from a patient with metastatic cancer. What alternation in the
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extracellular matrix would s uNp p oRr t t hIe dG
iagnBo.
siC
s ofM
metastatic cancer?
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a. Decreased fibronectin
U S N T O fl



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b. Increased collagen fl



c. Decreased elastin fl



d. Increased glycoproteins fl




ANS: A fl



Only a reduced amount of fibronectin is found in some types of cancerous cells, allowing them
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to travel or metastasize.
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REF: p. 10 fl fl




7. Which form of cell communication is used to relate to other cells in direct physical contact?
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a. Cell junction fl



b. Gap junction fl



c. Desmosome
d. Tight junction fl




ANS: A fl



Cell junctions hold cells together and permit molecules to pass from cell to cell.
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Gap junctions allow for cellular communication between cells. Neither desmosomes nor tight
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junctions are associated with cellular communication.
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REF: p. 11 fl fl

, TEST BANK FOR Understanding Pathophysiology 6th Edition
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By: Sue E. Huether; Kathryn L. McCance
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www.answerdone.com
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8. Pancreatic beta cells secrete insulin, which inhibits secretion of glucagon from neighboring
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alpha cells. This action is an example of which of the following signaling types?
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a. Paracrine
b. Autocrine
c. Neurohormonal
d. Hormonal
ANS: A fl



Paracrine signaling involves the release of local chemical mediators that are quickly taken up,
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destroyed, or immobilized, as in the case of insulin and the inhibition of the secretion of
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glucagon. None of the other options involve signaling that is associated with a local chemical
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mediator like insulin.
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REF: p. 12 fl fl




9. In cellular metabolism, each enzyme has a high affinity for a:
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a. solute.
b. substrate.
c. receptor.
d. ribosome.
ANS: B fl



Each enzyme has a high affinity for a substrate, a specific substance converted to a product of
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the reaction. Cellular metabolism is not dependent on an attraction between an enzyme and
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any of the remaining options.
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REF: p. 16 fl fl




10. An athlete runs a marathon, after which his muscles feel fatigued and unable to contract. The
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athlete asks the nurse why this happened. The nurse’s response is based on the knowledgethat
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the problem is result of a deficiency of:
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a. GTP
b. AMP
c. ATP
d. GMP
ANS: C fl



When ATP is deficient, impaired muscle contraction results. None of the other options are
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involved in muscle contraction.
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REF: p. 16 fl fl




11. Which phase of catabolism produces the most ATP?
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a. Digestion
b. Glycolysis
c. Oxidation
d. Citric acid cycle fl fl




ANS: D fl



While some ATP is produced during the oxidation and glycolysis phases, most of the ATP is
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generated during the citric acid cycle. Digestion does not produce any ATP.
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