Medical Surgical Nursing Study Guide Exam Test Question and Answers
What is Shock?
Answer: Inadequate tissue perfusion that impairs cellular function and may lead to organ failure.
What part of the body is affected by shock?
Answer: "Whole-Body" response; "syndrome"
What can start shock?
Answer: Any problem impairing oxygen delivery to tissues and organs can start shock, lead to life-
threatening emergency.
What are the classifications of shock by functional impairment?
Answer: *Hypovolemic, *Cardiogenic, *Distributive (Septic, Neurogenic, Anaphylactic), *Obstructive.
What are Cardiovascular Manifestations?
Answer: *Decreased cardiac output, *Increased pulse, *Decreased blood pressure, *Narrow pulse
pressure, *Decreased urine output.
What are respiratory manifestations?
Answer: *Increased respiratory rate, *Shallow depth of respirations, *Decreased PaCO2, *Decreased
PaO2, *Wheezing.
Mean Arterial Pressure "MAP"?
Answer: Average blood pressure within the arteries (MAP= [(2x diastolic) + systolic] divided by 3)
What is Cardiogenic Shock?
Answer: Actual heart muscle is unhealthy; pumping is directly impaired, Myocardial infarction in the
most common cause.
What is Hypovolemic Shock?
Answer: Low circulating blood volume causes mean arterial pressure (MAP) decrease; inadequate total
body oxygenation. Commonly caused by hemorrhage, and dehydration.
What is Distributive Shock?
Answer: Blood volume distributed to interstitial tissues where it cannot circulate, deliver oxygen. Caused
by loss of sympathetic tone, blood vessel dialation, pooling of blood in the venous and capillary beds,
capillary leak. Neural-induced distributive shock. Chemical-induced distributive shock.
What is Chemical- Induced Distributive Shock?
Answer: *Anaphylaxis- Antigen- antibody reaction causing massive vasodilation. *Neurogenic- Loss of
sympathetic tone causing massive. *Sepsis- Endotoxins and other mediators (allergens) causing massive
vasodilation.
What is Shock?
Answer: Inadequate tissue perfusion that impairs cellular function and may lead to organ failure.
What part of the body is affected by shock?
Answer: "Whole-Body" response; "syndrome"
What can start shock?
Answer: Any problem impairing oxygen delivery to tissues and organs can start shock, lead to life-
threatening emergency.
What are the classifications of shock by functional impairment?
Answer: *Hypovolemic, *Cardiogenic, *Distributive (Septic, Neurogenic, Anaphylactic), *Obstructive.
What are Cardiovascular Manifestations?
Answer: *Decreased cardiac output, *Increased pulse, *Decreased blood pressure, *Narrow pulse
pressure, *Decreased urine output.
What are respiratory manifestations?
Answer: *Increased respiratory rate, *Shallow depth of respirations, *Decreased PaCO2, *Decreased
PaO2, *Wheezing.
Mean Arterial Pressure "MAP"?
Answer: Average blood pressure within the arteries (MAP= [(2x diastolic) + systolic] divided by 3)
What is Cardiogenic Shock?
Answer: Actual heart muscle is unhealthy; pumping is directly impaired, Myocardial infarction in the
most common cause.
What is Hypovolemic Shock?
Answer: Low circulating blood volume causes mean arterial pressure (MAP) decrease; inadequate total
body oxygenation. Commonly caused by hemorrhage, and dehydration.
What is Distributive Shock?
Answer: Blood volume distributed to interstitial tissues where it cannot circulate, deliver oxygen. Caused
by loss of sympathetic tone, blood vessel dialation, pooling of blood in the venous and capillary beds,
capillary leak. Neural-induced distributive shock. Chemical-induced distributive shock.
What is Chemical- Induced Distributive Shock?
Answer: *Anaphylaxis- Antigen- antibody reaction causing massive vasodilation. *Neurogenic- Loss of
sympathetic tone causing massive. *Sepsis- Endotoxins and other mediators (allergens) causing massive
vasodilation.
