ATI ADULT MEDICAL SURGICAL NURSING QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Normal ranges for ABG
Answer: PH: 7.35-7.45
PaO2:80-100 mm Hg
PaCO2: 35-45 mm Hg
HCO3: 22-26 mEq/L
SaO2: 95-100%
Pneumothorax
Answer: abnormal presence of air in the pleural cavity resulting in the collapse of the lung
Pneumonectomy
Answer: The surgical removal of all or part of a lung.
apnea
Answer: transient cessation of respiration
hypercapnia
Answer: the presence of an abnormally high level of carbon dioxide in the circulating blood
hypoxic drive
Answer: backup system to control respirations when oxygen levels fall; low blood oxygen levels
hypoxia
Answer: A dangerous condition in which the body tissues and cells do not have enough oxygen.
adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)
Answer: Acute respiratory failure in adults characterized by tachypnea, dyspnea, cyanosis, tachycardia,
and hypoxemia. May follow trauma, pneumonia, or septic infections. Also called acute respiratory
distress syndrome.
reactive airway disease
Answer: a term used to describe any condition that causes hyperreactive bronchioles and
bronchospasm; asthma
teaching/learning theory
Answer: ◦ Learning readiness - Best assessed using motivational interviewing. Assess the clients
willingness to learn, goals, how the client is feeling, and their educational level.
◦ People who are not ready to learn cannot be taught.
◦ Client must accept their diagnosis and need for teaching in order to learn
◦ Use skills learned in NUR102
◦ Address patients desire to learn
◦ Assess what the patient wants to know most or what they want to be able to do themselves.
◦ Planning, Implementation, Evaluation
, thoracentesis
Answer: insertion of a needle into the pleural cavity to withdraw fluid for diagnostic purposes, to drain
excess fluid, or to re-expand a collapsed lung
Hypoxemia
Answer: deficient amount of oxygen in the blood. Manifestations: Restlessness, apprehension, and
anxiety.
obturator
Answer: a curved guide that is inserted into the trachea to facilitate placement of a tube
reactive airway disease
Answer: there is no specific diagnosis for this condition and may have symptoms like: coughing, SOB,
expiratory wheezing, asthma
-treatment involves oxygenation for acute exacerbations
pneumonia
Answer: respiratory disease characterized by inflammation of the lung parenchyma (excluding the
bronchi) with congestion caused by viruses or bacteria or irritants
Chest physiotherapy (CPT)
Answer: a series of maneuvers including percussion, vibration, and postural drainage designed to
promote clearance of excessive respiratory secretions.
Flail chest
Answer: Fracturing of several ribs in more than one place or fracturing several ribs and the sternum
causing paradoxical movement (during inspiration the chest wall moves inward and during expiration it
moves outward)
Emphysema
Answer: obstructive pulmonary disease characterized by overexpansion of the alveoli with air, with
destructive changes in their walls resulting in loss of lung elasticity and gas exchange
intravenous pyelogram
Answer: diagnostic radiographic study of the kidneys and ureters with the use of a contrast medium that
is administered intravenously
Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP)
Answer: surgical removal of the part of the prostate gland that is blocking urine flow by inserting a
device through the urethra and removing prostate tissue, surgical removal of pieces of the prostate
gland tissue by using a resect scope inserted through the urethra. The capsule is left intact; usually
performed when the enlarged prostate gland interferes with urination
cystitis
Answer: inflammation of the urinary bladder and ureters
Normal ranges for ABG
Answer: PH: 7.35-7.45
PaO2:80-100 mm Hg
PaCO2: 35-45 mm Hg
HCO3: 22-26 mEq/L
SaO2: 95-100%
Pneumothorax
Answer: abnormal presence of air in the pleural cavity resulting in the collapse of the lung
Pneumonectomy
Answer: The surgical removal of all or part of a lung.
apnea
Answer: transient cessation of respiration
hypercapnia
Answer: the presence of an abnormally high level of carbon dioxide in the circulating blood
hypoxic drive
Answer: backup system to control respirations when oxygen levels fall; low blood oxygen levels
hypoxia
Answer: A dangerous condition in which the body tissues and cells do not have enough oxygen.
adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)
Answer: Acute respiratory failure in adults characterized by tachypnea, dyspnea, cyanosis, tachycardia,
and hypoxemia. May follow trauma, pneumonia, or septic infections. Also called acute respiratory
distress syndrome.
reactive airway disease
Answer: a term used to describe any condition that causes hyperreactive bronchioles and
bronchospasm; asthma
teaching/learning theory
Answer: ◦ Learning readiness - Best assessed using motivational interviewing. Assess the clients
willingness to learn, goals, how the client is feeling, and their educational level.
◦ People who are not ready to learn cannot be taught.
◦ Client must accept their diagnosis and need for teaching in order to learn
◦ Use skills learned in NUR102
◦ Address patients desire to learn
◦ Assess what the patient wants to know most or what they want to be able to do themselves.
◦ Planning, Implementation, Evaluation
, thoracentesis
Answer: insertion of a needle into the pleural cavity to withdraw fluid for diagnostic purposes, to drain
excess fluid, or to re-expand a collapsed lung
Hypoxemia
Answer: deficient amount of oxygen in the blood. Manifestations: Restlessness, apprehension, and
anxiety.
obturator
Answer: a curved guide that is inserted into the trachea to facilitate placement of a tube
reactive airway disease
Answer: there is no specific diagnosis for this condition and may have symptoms like: coughing, SOB,
expiratory wheezing, asthma
-treatment involves oxygenation for acute exacerbations
pneumonia
Answer: respiratory disease characterized by inflammation of the lung parenchyma (excluding the
bronchi) with congestion caused by viruses or bacteria or irritants
Chest physiotherapy (CPT)
Answer: a series of maneuvers including percussion, vibration, and postural drainage designed to
promote clearance of excessive respiratory secretions.
Flail chest
Answer: Fracturing of several ribs in more than one place or fracturing several ribs and the sternum
causing paradoxical movement (during inspiration the chest wall moves inward and during expiration it
moves outward)
Emphysema
Answer: obstructive pulmonary disease characterized by overexpansion of the alveoli with air, with
destructive changes in their walls resulting in loss of lung elasticity and gas exchange
intravenous pyelogram
Answer: diagnostic radiographic study of the kidneys and ureters with the use of a contrast medium that
is administered intravenously
Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP)
Answer: surgical removal of the part of the prostate gland that is blocking urine flow by inserting a
device through the urethra and removing prostate tissue, surgical removal of pieces of the prostate
gland tissue by using a resect scope inserted through the urethra. The capsule is left intact; usually
performed when the enlarged prostate gland interferes with urination
cystitis
Answer: inflammation of the urinary bladder and ureters
