NSG 533 Exam 1 Practice Questions with 100% Correct Answers | Latest Version 2024 | Verified

If the capillary plasma hydrostatic pressure increases, what happens to the movement of fluid out of the capillary? a. increases b. decreases - increases Why would an intravenous infusion of albumin help resolve the edema related to liver failure? a. It would increase the plasma oncotic pressure b. It would increase in tissue oncotic pressure c. It would increase the plasma hydrostatic pressure d. It would increase the tissue hydrostatic pressure - It would increase the plasma oncotic pressure Which of the following is the best explanation for the development of non-pitting edema? a. an increase in capillary permeability b. an increase in plasma oncotic pressure c. sodium and water retention d. an increase in tissue hydrostatic pressure - an increase in capillary permeability If the lymphatic channels are obstructed, which of the following pressures would increase initially? a. plasma oncotic pressure b. tissue oncotic pressure c. plasma hydrostatic pressure d. none of the above - tissue oncotic pressure A patient has a kidney disease, which results in a loss of protein in the urine. This disease is characterized by edema, which results from which of the following? a. increased plasma hydrostatic pressure b. increased tissue oncotic pressure c. decreased plasma oncotic pressure d. decreased tissue hydrostatic pressure - decreased plasma oncotic pressure Your patient has an obstruction of the lymphatic duct, which returns lymph fluid from the legs. This will result in which of the following? a. localized, non-pitting edema b. generalized, non-pitting edema c. localized, pitting edema d. generalized, pitting edema - localized, non-pitting edema Your grandmother wears garters (circular bands of elastic) below her knees to keep her stockings from falling down. At the end of the day, her lower legs and feet are swollen. This is due to: a. increased plasma hydrostatic pressure. b. increased plasma oncotic pressure. c. decreased plasma oncotic pressure. d. decreased plasma hydrostatic pressure. - increased plasma hydrostatic pressure In which of the following types of fluid volume deficit does water volume remain normal? a. isotonic FVD b. hypotonic FVD c. hypertonic FVD d. none of the above - none of the above The phenomenon of third space fluid shifting involves which of the following? a. iso-osmolar fluid shifts into body cavities or potential spaces b. the three types of fluid volume deficits c. hypo-osmolar fluid shifts into the extracellular fluid d. iatrogenic fluid shifts into the lymphatic system - iso-osmolar fluid shifts into body cavities or potential spaces Which of the following is a potential outcome of isotonic fluid excess? a. cell swelling b. cerebral edema c. water intoxication d. heart failure - heart failure Third-space fluid accumulation may occur in which of the following? a. peritoneal space b. pleural space c. interstitial space d. all of the above - all of the above A patient with hypotonic fluid volume excess would be expected to show which of the following? a. hyponatremia b. confusion c. headache d. all of the above - all of the above What is the major intracellular (ICF) cation? a. potassium b. sodium c. calcium d. magnesium - potassium What is the major intracellular (ICF) anion? a. bicarbonate b. chloride c. phosphate d. protein - phosphate What is the major extracellular (ECF) cation? a. potassium b. sodium c. calcium d. magnesium - sodium What is the major extracellular (ECF) anion? a. bicarbonate b. chloride c. phosphate d. protein - chloride Primary Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) stimulation will result in which of the following? a. sodium reabsorption b. sodium excretion c. potassium reabsorption d. decreased aldosterone release - sodium reabsorption A patient with hypernatremia would be expected to show which of the following? a. sodium 135 mEq/L b. moist mucous membranes c. thirst d. hypoactive deep tendon reflexes (DTRs) - thirst When ECF sodium is decreased, the adrenal glands send aldosterone to the kidneys to: a. increase sodium reabsorption b. decrease sodium reabsorption c. increase water reabsorption d. decrease water reabsorption - increase sodium reabsorption Which of the following is not associated with hypokalemia? a. muscle cramps b. U waves on ECG c. paresthesias d. hyperreflexia - hyperreflexia Metabolic acidosis results in which of the following electrolyte shifts? a. Hydrogen ions are excreted with potassium and sodium b. Hydrogen ions enter the ECF and potassium moves to ICF c. Hydrogen ions enter the ICF and potassium moves to ECF d. Bicarbonate enters the ICF and potassium moves to ECF - Hydrogen ions enter the ICF and