ALL HESI A2 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY EXAMS 2025 | REAL EXAMS |GUARANTEED PASS |COMPLETE (best answers)

ALL HESI A2 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
EXAMS 2025 | REAL EXAMS |GUARANTEED
PASS |COMPLETE

Question 1:
Which of the following structures is responsible for producing insulin in the
human body? A) Liver
B) Pancreas
C) Kidney
D) Stomach
Answer: B) Pancreas
Rationale: The pancreas produces insulin, which is crucial for regulating blood
sugar levels. The liver stores glucose and releases it when necessary, but it does
not produce insulin. The kidneys filter blood, and the stomach secretes digestive
enzymes.


Question 2:
Which of the following is the main function of red blood cells? A) Fighting
infections
B) Carrying oxygen
C) Clotting blood
D) Producing antibodies
Answer: B) Carrying oxygen
Rationale: Red blood cells contain hemoglobin, which binds to oxygen and carries
it from the lungs to the tissues. White blood cells fight infections, platelets are
involved in blood clotting, and antibodies are produced by specific types of white
blood cells.

,Question 3:
Which of the following structures is responsible for the exchange of gases
(oxygen and carbon dioxide) in the lungs? A) Alveoli
B) Bronchi
C) Trachea
D) Pharynx
Answer: A) Alveoli
Rationale: The alveoli are small air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs.
Oxygen enters the bloodstream from the alveoli, and carbon dioxide is removed.
The bronchi and trachea are involved in the movement of air to the alveoli, while
the pharynx is part of the upper respiratory system.


Question 4:
Which type of muscle tissue is under voluntary control? A) Cardiac muscle
B) Skeletal muscle
C) Smooth muscle
D) None of the above
Answer: B) Skeletal muscle
Rationale: Skeletal muscle is under voluntary control and is responsible for
movements like walking and lifting. Cardiac muscle (heart) and smooth muscle
(found in organs like the stomach and intestines) are involuntary.


Question 5:
Which of the following is NOT a component of the integumentary system? A)
Skin
B) Hair
C) Nails
D) Bones
Answer: D) Bones
Rationale: The integumentary system includes the skin, hair, and nails, which

,serve to protect the body and regulate temperature. Bones are part of the skeletal
system.


Question 6:
Which of the following hormones is released by the adrenal glands during times
of stress? A) Insulin
B) Epinephrine
C) Estrogen
D) Thyroxine
Answer: B) Epinephrine
Rationale: Epinephrine (also known as adrenaline) is released by the adrenal
glands in response to stress. It prepares the body for a "fight or flight" response.
Insulin is produced by the pancreas, estrogen by the ovaries, and thyroxine by the
thyroid gland.


Question 7:
What is the primary function of the large intestine? A) Digestion of food
B) Absorption of nutrients
C) Absorption of water and electrolytes
D) Production of bile
Answer: C) Absorption of water and electrolytes
Rationale: The primary function of the large intestine is to absorb water and
electrolytes from the indigestible food matter, turning it into solid waste. The
small intestine is where most digestion and nutrient absorption occur, and bile is
produced by the liver.


Question 8:
Which of the following is a function of the skeletal system? A) Production of red
blood cells
B) Regulation of body temperature

, C) Absorption of nutrients
D) Secretion of hormones
Answer: A) Production of red blood cells
Rationale: The bone marrow inside certain bones produces red blood cells. The
skeletal system also provides structure, protection, and movement, but it does not
directly regulate body temperature, absorb nutrients, or secrete hormones
(though bones do store some minerals).


Question 9:
Which part of the nervous system controls voluntary movements? A) Autonomic
nervous system
B) Central nervous system
C) Peripheral nervous system
D) Somatic nervous system
Answer: D) Somatic nervous system
Rationale: The somatic nervous system controls voluntary movements and sends
sensory information to the central nervous system. The autonomic nervous
system controls involuntary functions (e.g., heart rate, digestion), and the
peripheral nervous system connects the central nervous system to the limbs and
organs.


Question 10:
Which of the following is the most abundant type of tissue in the human body?
A) Epithelial tissue
B) Connective tissue
C) Muscle tissue
D) Nervous tissue
Answer: B) Connective tissue
Rationale: Connective tissue is the most abundant and widely distributed tissue
type in the body. It includes bone, blood, adipose tissue, and cartilage. Epithelial