OCR 2023 Biology B H422/01: Fundamentals of biology A Level Question Paper & Mark Scheme (Merged)

2 OCR 2023 Section A You should spend a maximum of 40 minutes on this section. Write your answer for each question in the box provided. 1 The image shows an erythrocyte after being placed in a solution. Which option explains the appearance of the erythrocyte? A The solution was distilled water. B The water potential of the solution is equal to the water potential of the cytoplasm of the erythrocyte. C The water potential of the solution was less negative than the cytoplasm of the erythrocyte. D The water potential of the solution was more negative than the cytoplasm of the erythrocyte. Your answer [1] 3 OCR 2023 Turn over 2 1 2 The diagram shows substance X being transported across a cell membrane. Substance X Which transport mechanism is being used to transport substance X? A Active transport B Endocytosis C Exocytosis D Facilitated diffusion Your answer [1] 3 Which option explains why mammals need a mass transport system? A Diffusion distances are too short to supply sufficient oxygen to cells. B They have a double circulatory system. C They have a large surface area to volume ratio. D They have high metabolic demands. Your answer [1] 4 OCR 2023 4 Doctors monitor the heart activity of their patients by using electrocardiograms